scholarly journals Structural and Aeroelastic Studies of Wing Model with Metal Additive Manufacturing for Transonic Wind Tunnel Test by NACA 0008 Example

Aerospace ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
Natsuki Tsushima ◽  
Kenichi Saitoh ◽  
Hitoshi Arizono ◽  
Kazuyuki Nakakita
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Wind Tunnel Test ◽  
Wind Tunnel Testing ◽  
Manufacturing Costs ◽  
Aerospace Structures ◽  
Manufacturing Technique ◽  
Wing Model ◽  
Transonic Flutter ◽  
Transonic Wind Tunnel

Additive manufacturing (AM) technology has a potential to improve manufacturing costs and may help to achieve high-performance aerospace structures. One of the application candidates would be a wind tunnel wing model. A wing tunnel model requires sophisticated designs and precise fabrications for accurate experiments, which frequently increase manufacturing costs. A flutter wind tunnel testing, especially, requires a significant cost due to strict requirements in terms of structural and aeroelastic characteristics avoiding structural failures and producing a flutter within the wind tunnel test environment. The additive manufacturing technique may help to reduce the expensive testing cost and allows investigation of aeroelastic characteristics of new designs in aerospace structures as needed. In this paper, a metal wing model made with the additive manufacturing technique for a transonic flutter test is studied. Structural/aeroelastic characteristics of an additively manufactured wing model are evaluated numerically and experimentally. The transonic wind tunnel experiment demonstrated the feasibility of the metal AM-based wings in a transonic flutter wind tunnel testing showing the capability to provide reliable experimental data, which was consistent with numerical solutions.

scholarly journals Wind tunnel testing of additive manufactured aircraft components

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 886-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.W. Teo ◽  
T.H. New ◽  
Shiya Li ◽  
T. Pfeiffer ◽  
B. Nagel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Wind Tunnel Test ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Wind Tunnel Testing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wind Tunnel Measurement ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Joined Wing ◽  
Tunnel Testing

Purpose This paper aims to report on the physical distortions associated with the use of additive manufactured components for wind tunnel testing and procedures adopted to correct for them. Design/methodology/approach Wings of a joined-wing test aircraft configuration were fabricated with additive manufacturing and tested in a subsonic closed-loop wind tunnel. Wing deflections were observed during testing and quantified using image-processing procedures. These quantified deflections were then incorporated into numerical simulations and results had agreed with wind tunnel measurement results. Findings Additive manufacturing provides cost-effective wing components for wind tunnel test components with fast turn-around time. They can be used with confidence if the wing deflections could be accounted for systematically and accurately, especially at the region of aerodynamic stall. Research limitations/implications Significant wing flutter and unsteady deflections were encountered at higher test velocities and pitch angles. This reduced the accuracy in which the wing deflections could be corrected. Additionally, wing twists could not be quantified as effectively because of camera perspectives. Originality/value This paper shows that additive manufacturing can be used to fabricate aircraft test components with satisfactory strength and quantifiable deflections for wind tunnel testing, especially when the designs are significantly complex and thin.

Videogrammetric Measurement for Model Displacement in Wind Tunnel Test

2011 ◽  
Vol 130-134 ◽  
pp. 103-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Yu Zhang ◽  
Shui Liang Wang ◽  
Yan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Wind Tunnel Test ◽  
Accurate Data ◽  
Exterior Orientation ◽  
Wind Tunnel Tests ◽  
Key Techniques ◽  
Transonic Wind Tunnel

It is crucial measuring position and attitude of model to gain the precise and accurate data in wind tunnel tests. The model displacement videogrammetric measurement (MDVM) system and its key techniques such as the exterior orientation with big rotation angles and large-overlap, mark points, image processing and calibration based on the known distances are therefore presented. The practice example in Asia's largest (2.4m) transonic wind tunnel has demonstrated the MDVM system and its key techniques are correct and feasible, and they have application value.

scholarly journals Observations on some transonic wind tunnel test results of a standard model with a T-tail

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 34-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dijana Damljanovic ◽  
Djordje Vukovic ◽  
Aleksandar Vitic ◽  
Jovan Isakovic ◽  
Goran Ocokoljic
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Wind Tunnel Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Transonic Wind Tunnel

Investigation of winglet on the transonic flutter characteristics for a wind tunnel test model CHNT-1

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 430-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binbin Lv ◽  
Zhiliang Lu ◽  
Tongqing Guo ◽  
Di Tang ◽  
Li Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Wind Tunnel Test ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Transonic Flutter

Videogrammetric Techniques for Wind Tunnel Testing and Applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 986-987 ◽  
pp. 1629-1633
Author(s):  
Zheng Yu Zhang ◽  
Xu Hui Huang ◽  
Jiang Yin ◽  
Han Xuan Lai
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Wave Front ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Marked Point ◽  
Wind Tunnel Test ◽  
Wind Tunnels ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Wind Tunnel Testing ◽  
Section Size ◽  
Key Techniques

Videogrammetric measurement is a research focus for the organizations of wind tunnel test because of its no special requirements on the test model, its key techniques for the vibration environment of the high speed wind tunnel are introduced by this paper, such as the solution of exterior parameters with big-angle large overlap, the algorithm of image processing for extracting marked point, the method of camera calibration and wave-front distortion field measurement. The great requirements and application prospects of videogrammetry in wind tunnel fine testing have been demonstrated by several practice experiments, including to measure test model’s angle of attack, dynamic deformations and wave-front distortion field in high speed wind tunnels whose test section size is 2 meters.

Design and manufacture of propellers for small unmanned aerial vehicles

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 228-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Rutkay ◽  
Jeremy Laliberté
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Wind Tunnel Testing ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Propeller Design ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Aircraft Performance ◽  
Design And Manufacture ◽  
Propeller Performance

The objective of this research was to develop a process for the design and manufacture of mission- and aircraft-specific propellers for small unmanned aerial vehicles. This objective was met by creating a computer program to design a propeller that meets user-defined aircraft performance requirements within the limitations of the electric motor, user-selected materials, and manufacturing methods. A comprehensive review of prior UAV propeller design and additive manufacturing for small propellers is also presented in this paper. The use of additive manufacturing (3D printing) in making flightworthy propellers was explored through material testing, manufacturing trials, and by testing the propellers under simulated flight conditions in a wind tunnel. It was found that the propeller performance generated nearly the predicted design thrust but the efficiency and power consumption could not be accurately measured with the present test setup. While flight testing was not completed at this time, ground and wind tunnel testing were sufficient to demonstrate the feasibility of producing flightworthy propellers using additive manufacturing.

Functional Prototyping and Tooling of FDM Additive Manufactured Parts

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzad Rayegani ◽  
Godfrey C. Onwubolu ◽  
Attila Nagy ◽  
Hargurdeep Singh
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Wind Tunnel Testing ◽  
Tool Paths ◽  
Aerodynamic Properties ◽  
Vacuum Forming ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Functional Prototype ◽  
Tunnel Testing

In this paper, we present two additive manufacturing applications: (1) vacuum forming tooling using AM; (2) rocket functional prototype using AM for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and wind-tunnel testing. The first application shows how additive manufacturing (AM) facilitates the manufacture of vacuum formed parts, which allows such parts to be easily produced especially in the manufacturing sector. We show how combining the advantages of the CAD and FDM technology, vacuum forming can be completed quickly, efficiently and cost effectively. The paper shows that using modified build parameters, the tools FDM creates can be inherently porous, which eliminates the time needed for drilling vent holes that are necessary for other vacuum forming tools, while improving part quality with an evenly distributed vacuum draw. Using SolidWorks CAD software, the model of the tool is created. The STL file is exported to the Insight software, and we present how the Tool Paths Custom Group feature is applied to optimize the tool-paths file and then sent to the FDM system that prints the tooling from ABS engineering thermoplastic. The tooling is then used in the Formech 686 manual vacuum forming machine to produce the vacuum formed part. The second application shows how additive manufacturing (AM) has been applied to producing functional model for wind–tunnel testing, as well as providing computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tool for comparing results obtained from the wind-tunnel testing. The present work is focused on applications of FDM technology for manufacturing wind tunnel test models. The CAD model of a rocket was analyzed for its aerodynamic properties and its functional prototype produced using AM for use in wind–tunnel testing so as to verify and tune the aerodynamic properties. Initial wall conditions were defined for the rocket in terms of the air velocity. The flow simulation was carried out and the goals examined are the velocity and pressure fields around the rocket model. The paper examines some practical issues that arise between how the model geometry for CDF process differs from that that of the FDM process. Consequently, we show that AM-based fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology is faster, less expensive and more efficient than traditional manufacturing processes for vacuum forming and for rapid prototyping of function models for wind-tunnel applications.

Suppression of background noise in a transonic wind-tunnel test section

AIAA Journal ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1467-1471 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Schutzenhofer ◽  
P. W. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Test Section ◽  
Background Noise ◽  
Wind Tunnel Test ◽  
Transonic Wind Tunnel
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