scholarly journals Spatial and Spectral Auditory Temporal-Order Judgment (TOJ) Tasks in Elderly People Are Performed Using Different Perceptual Strategies

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elzbieta Szelag ◽  
Katarzyna Jablonska ◽  
Magdalena Piotrowska ◽  
Aneta Szymaszek ◽  
Hanna Bednarek
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment

Time changes: Temporal contexts support event segmentation in associative memory

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent van de Ven ◽  
Moritz Jaeckels ◽  
Peter De Weerd
Keyword(s):  
Associative Memory ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment ◽  
Temporal Context ◽  
Temporal Acuity ◽  
Event Segmentation ◽  
Standard Interval ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Time Changes ◽  
Temporal Order Judgments

We tend to mentally segment a series of events according to perceptual contextual changes, such that items from a shared context are more strongly associated in memory than items from different contexts. It is also known that temporal context provides a scaffold to structure experiences in memory, but its role in event segmentation has not been investigated. We adapted a previous paradigm, which was used to investigate event segmentation using visual contexts, to study the effects of changes in temporal contexts on event segmentation in associative memory. We presented lists of items in which the inter-stimulus intervals (ISIs) ranged across lists between 0.5 and 4 s in 0.5 s steps. After each set of six lists, participants judged which one of two test items were shown first (temporal order judgment) for items that were either drawn from the same list or from consecutive lists. Further, participants judged from memory whether the ISI associated to an item lasted longer than a standard interval (2.25s) that was not previously shown. Results showed faster responses for temporal order judgments when items were drawn from the same context, as opposed to items drawn from different contexts. Further, we found that participants were well able to provide temporal duration judgments based on recalled durations. Finally, we found temporal acuity, as estimated by psychometric curve fitting parameters of the recalled durations, correlated inversely with within-list temporal order judgments. These findings show that changes in temporal context support event segmentation in associative memory.

scholarly journals Temporal order judgment and simple reaction times: Evidence for a common processing system

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Cardoso-Leite ◽  
Andrei Gorea ◽  
Pascal Mamassian
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Order ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Simple Reaction

Visual Simultaneity Judgments Activate a Bilateral Frontoparietal Timing System

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor Hanayik ◽  
Grigori Yourganov ◽  
Roger Newman-Norlund ◽  
Makayla Gibson ◽  
Chris Rorden
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Processing ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Stimulus Presentation ◽  
Cognitive Networks ◽  
Temporal Perception ◽  
Sequence Of Events

In everyday life, we often make judgments regarding the sequence of events, for example, deciding whether a baseball runner's foot hit the plate before or after the ball hit the glove. Numerous studies have examined the functional correlates of temporal processing using variations of the temporal order judgment and simultaneity judgment (SJ) tasks. To perform temporal order judgment tasks, observers must bind temporal information with identity and/or spatial information relevant to the task itself. SJs, on the other hand, require observers to detect stimulus asynchrony but not the order of stimulus presentation and represent a purer measure of temporal processing. Some previous studies suggest that these temporal decisions rely primarily on right-hemisphere parietal structures, whereas others provide evidence that temporal perception depends on bilateral TPJ or inferior frontal regions (inferior frontal gyrus). Here, we report brain activity elicited by a visual SJ task. Our methods are unique given our use of two orthogonal control conditions, discrimination of spatial orientation and color, which were used to control for brain activation associated with the classic dorsal (“where/how”) and ventral (“what”) visual pathways. Our neuroimaging experiment shows that performing the SJ task selectively activated a bilateral network in the parietal (TPJ) and frontal (inferior frontal gyrus) cortices. We argue that SJ tasks are a purer measure of temporal perception because they do not require observers to process either identity or spatial information, both of which may activate separate cognitive networks.

scholarly journals Broad scope of attention results in better temporal resolution: Evidence from a temporal order judgment study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramya Mudumba ◽  
Narayanan Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Order ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment ◽  
Temporal Frequency ◽  
Judgment Task ◽  
Spatiotemporal Resolution ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Spatiotemporal Processing ◽  
Broad Scope ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Hierarchical Stimuli

The nature of spatiotemporal interactions in visual perception due to modulations of attention is still not well understood. Transient shifts of attention have been shown to induce a trade-off in spatiotemporal acuities at the cued location. Attention also can be varied in terms of scope and the evidence for the effects of scope on the spatiotemporal resolution for coupling or trade-offs have been equivocal. We predicted that scaling or changing the scope of attention would rather result in a spatiotemporal trade-off based on the complementary spatial and temporal frequency properties of the magnocellular and parvocellular channels. We manipulated the scope of attention by asking participants to perform a global or local target detection task with hierarchical stimuli. In addition, participants performed a temporal order judgment task with two discs presented alongside the hierarchical stimuli. We found higher temporal sensitivity with broad scope of attention or global processing compared to narrow scope of attention or local processing. The results provide evidence for a spatiotemporal processing trade-off when attention is scaled spatially. This result throws doubt on a general coupling or resource metaphor explanation irrespective of the spatial or temporal nature of the tasks. The results indicate the further need for carefully investigating the spatial and temporal properties of attention and its effect on spatiotemporal processing at different scales.

Temporal-Order Judgment and Reaction Time to Stimuli of Different Rise Times

Perception ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 963-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Jaśkowski
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Simple Reaction Time ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment ◽  
Stimulus Presentation ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Simple Reaction ◽  
Point Of Subjective Simultaneity ◽  
Subjective Simultaneity ◽  
The Subject

Point of subjective simultaneity and simple reaction time were compared for stimuli with different rise times. It was found that these measures behave differently. To explain the result it is suggested that in the case of temporal-order judgment the subject takes into account not only the stimulus onset but also other events connected with stimulus presentation.

Temporal and non-temporal processes in the elderly

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Fostick ◽  
Harvey Babkoff
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
Auditory Perception ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Intensity Discrimination ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Temporal Domain ◽  
Age Related ◽  
General Decline

Abstract Background: The present study examined whether the reported age-related decline in auditory temporal resolution is specific to the temporal domain or rather reflects a general decline in auditory perception, including the stimulus intensity domain. Methods: The performance of 89 healthy participants aged between 21 and 82 years with normal hearing was tested on a variety of psychophysical tasks, where discrimination was based either on the temporal or on the intensity domains. Stimulus levels for all tasks were 40 dB SL (corrected for threshold). Participants were also tested on two cognitive tasks: Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Third Edition, matrices and digit span. Results: Findings indicate that age was significantly negatively correlated with performance on three of the temporal resolution tasks, namely, dichotic temporal-order judgment, spectral temporal-order judgment, and gap detection, but not on the intensity discrimination task, thus emphasizing the specificity of the age-related decline to the auditory temporal domain. Conclusions: The overall results suggest that age-related changes in auditory perception are specific to the temporal domain, even when controlling for hearing sensitivity and cognitive ability, and are not reflected in other aspects of non-temporal perception, such as intensity discrimination.

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