scholarly journals How Do Stress Exposure and Stress Regulation Relate to Borderline Personality Disorder?

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadège Bourvis ◽  
Aveline Aouidad ◽  
Clémence Cabelguen ◽  
David Cohen ◽  
Jean Xavier
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Stress Exposure ◽  
Stress Regulation

Stress Regulation and Incision in Borderline Personality Disorder—A Pilot Study Modeling Cutting Behavior

2012 ◽  
pp. 605-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Reitz ◽  
Annegret Krause-Utz ◽  
Esther M. Pogatzki-Zahn ◽  
Ulrich Ebner-Priemer ◽  
Martin Bohus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Stress Regulation ◽  
Cutting Behavior

The role of nociceptive input and tissue injury on stress regulation in borderline personality disorder

Pain ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 158 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franziska Willis ◽  
Sarah Kuniss ◽  
Nikolaus Kleindienst ◽  
Janina Naoum ◽  
Sarah Reitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Stress Regulation ◽  
Nociceptive Input

An Examination of Stress Generation and Stress Exposure Models in Relation to Symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 641-656
Author(s):  
Amanda A. Uliaszek
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Explanatory Models ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Stress Generation ◽  
Stress Exposure ◽  
Exposure Models ◽  
The Impact

Research examining life stress as a precipitant, co-occurrence, and consequence of psychopathology often has implications for two explanatory models: stress exposure, where stress causes symptoms, and stress generation, where symptoms cause stress. Preliminary evidence suggests that both processes are evident in borderline personality disorder (BPD). The present study examined 101 adults who self-reported at least three symptoms of BPD at prescreen, with 30% of the sample meeting full diagnostic criteria for BPD. Cross-lagged panel analyses were used to examine the relationships between BPD symptomatology and four forms of life stress. Stress exposure and stress generation were not supported for either form of chronic life stress. Results supported stress generation in both dependent and interpersonal episodic life stress, and stress exposure for interpersonal episodic life stress. These findings evidenced small effects only. Findings point to the impact of interpersonal stress on changes in symptomatology over time.

Cardiovascular Autonomic Modulation during Metronomic Breathing and Stress Exposure in Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Lennard Geiss ◽  
Beate Beck ◽  
Wolfgang Hitzl ◽  
Thomas Hillemacher ◽  
Katharina M. Hösl
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Stress Recovery ◽  
Autonomic Modulation ◽  
Stress Exposure

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Given the growing evidence of reduced heart rate variability in psychiatric diseases associated with emotional instability, we investigated cardiovascular autonomic modulation in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) during resting state, parasympathetic stimulation (metronomic breathing), and sympathetic stimulation (mental arithmetic stress test). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In 29 BPD outpatients and 30 controls, we recorded RR-intervals (RRI), blood pressure, skin conductance levels, and respiratory frequency during resting state, metronomic breathing, stress anticipation, stress exposure, and stress recovery. We calculated baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and parameters of heart rate variability, including the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), an index of cardiovagal modulation. <b><i>Results:</i></b> During resting state, BPD patients showed higher blood pressure and shorter RRI, as well as lower RMSSD and BRS than controls. Metronomic breathing increased RMSSD and BRS in BPD patients. During the stress exposure, BRS significantly decreased in controls, but not in BPD patients. Furthermore, BPD patients showed less cardioacceleration in response to stress exposure than controls. During stress recovery, we found increases in RMSSD and BRS in controls, but not in BPD patients. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Our data show reduced cardiovascular autonomic modulation in BPD patients during resting state, psychophysiological relaxation, and stress exposure. The results indicate a vagal modulation deficit in this cohort. Breathing techniques, such as metronomic breathing, might be helpful to reduce stress and to increase vagal tone in BPD patients.

An Examination of Stress Generation and Stress Exposure Models in Relation to Symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Amanda A. Uliaszek
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Explanatory Models ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Stress Generation ◽  
Stress Exposure ◽  
Exposure Models ◽  
The Impact

Research examining life stress as a precipitant, co-occurrence, and consequence of psychopathology often has implications for two explanatory models: stress exposure, where stress causes symptoms, and stress generation, where symptoms cause stress. Preliminary evidence suggests that both processes are evident in borderline personality disorder (BPD). The present study examined 101 adults who self-reported at least three symptoms of BPD at prescreen, with 30% of the sample meeting full diagnostic criteria for BPD. Cross-lagged panel analyses were used to examine the relationships between BPD symptomatology and four forms of life stress. Stress exposure and stress generation were not supported for either form of chronic life stress. Results supported stress generation in both dependent and interpersonal episodic life stress, and stress exposure for interpersonal episodic life stress. These findings evidenced small effects only. Findings point to the impact of interpersonal stress on changes in symptomatology over time.

Stress Regulation and Incision in Borderline Personality Disorder—A Pilot Study Modeling Cutting Behavior

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Reitz ◽  
Annegret Krause-Utz ◽  
Esther M. Pogatzki-Zahn ◽  
Ulrich Ebner-Priemer ◽  
Martin Bohus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Stress Regulation ◽  
Cutting Behavior

scholarly journals Stress reactivity and pain-mediated stress regulation in remitted patients with borderline personality disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e00909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franziska Willis ◽  
Sarah Kuniss ◽  
Nikolaus Kleindienst ◽  
Stefanie Lis ◽  
Janina Naoum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Stress Reactivity ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Stress Regulation

scholarly journals Incision and stress regulation in borderline personality disorder: Neurobiological mechanisms of self-injurious behaviour

2015 ◽  
Vol 207 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Reitz ◽  
Rosemarie Kluetsch ◽  
Inga Niedtfeld ◽  
Teresa Knorz ◽  
Stefanie Lis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Sham Treatment ◽  
Stress Regulation ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Amygdala Activity ◽  
Objective Stress

BackgroundPatients with borderline personality disorder frequently show non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). In these patients, NSSI often serves to reduce high levels of stress.AimsInvestigation of neurobiological mechanisms of NSSI in borderline personality disorderMethodIn total, 21 women with borderline personality disorder and 17 healthy controls underwent a stress induction, followed by either an incision into the forearm or a sham treatment. Afterwards participants underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging while aversive tension, heart rate and heart rate variability were assessed.ResultsWe found a significant influence of incision on subjective and objective stress levels with a stronger decrease of aversive tension in the borderline personality disorder group following incision than sham. Amygdala activity decreased more and functional connectivity with superior frontal gyrus normalised after incision in the borderline personality disorder group.ConclusionsDecreased stress levels and amygdala activity after incision support the assumption of an influence of NSSI on emotion regulation in individuals with borderline personality disorder and aids in understanding why these patients use self-inflicted pain to reduce inner tension.

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