scholarly journals Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Extractives in Norway Spruce and Kurile Larch and Their Role in Brown-Rot Degradation

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Füchtner ◽  
Theis Brock-Nannestad ◽  
Annika Smeds ◽  
Maria Fredriksson ◽  
Annica Pilgård ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Brown Rot

Challenges and opportunities in mimicking non-enzymatic brown-rot decay mechanisms for pretreatment of Norway spruce

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olav Aaseth Hegnar ◽  
Barry Goodell ◽  
Claus Felby ◽  
Lars Johansson ◽  
Nicole Labbé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Brown Rot Decay

scholarly journals Effect of Debarking Water from Norway Spruce (Picea abies) on the Growth of Five Species ofWood-Decaying Fungi

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 418-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelie Fagerlund Edfeldt ◽  
Erik Hedenström ◽  
Mattias Edman ◽  
Bengt Gunnar Jonsson
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Brown Rot Fungi ◽  
Freeze Dried

Abstract Norway spruce (Picea abies) debarking water is an aqueous extract obtained as waste from the debarking of logs at paper mills. The debarking water contains a mixture of natural compounds that can exhibit diverse biological activities, potentially including fungicidal activity on some species of wood-decaying fungi. Thus, we investigated the growth rates of such fungi on agar plates to which debarking water extracts had been added. The experiment included five wood-decaying fungi, viz. Gloeophyllum sepiarium, Oligoporus lateritius, Ischnoderma benzoinum, Junghuhnia luteoalba, and Phlebia sp. Growth reduction was observed for all species at the highest tested concentrations of freeze-dried and ethanol-extracted debarking water, the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction and the diethyl ether-soluble fraction. However, the magnitude of the effect varied between different species and strains of individual species. The brown-rot fungi G. sepiarium and O. lateritius were generally the most sensitive species, with the growth of all tested strains being completely inhibited by the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction. These results indicate that development of antifungal wood-protecting agents from debarking water could potentially be a way to make use of a low-value industrial waste.

scholarly journals Space, Habitat and Isolation are the Key Determinants of Tree Colonization by the Carpenter Ant in Plantation Forests

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Véle ◽  
Jakub Horák
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Forest Plantations ◽  
Ant Nests ◽  
Real Nature ◽  
Carpenter Ants ◽  
Carpenter Ant ◽  
Coniferous Plantation

Forest plantations are still often considered the antithesis of real nature. However, plantations can host many organisms. The problem is that some of the hosted species are regarded ad hoc as pests. The main aim of our paper was to study the carpenter ant (Camponotus ligniperdus) in windstorm habitats. We studied forests in East Bohemia, Czech Republic, and focused on the spatial distribution of snapped trees and the influence of selected forest characteristics on the incidence of ant nests. We found that the nests in the study area mainly occurred in Norway spruce, which is the most commercially important tree in the majority of Central Europe. More than one quarter of the snapped trees were inhabited by the ants. We found that nests exhibited a spatially autocorrelated pattern that differed on spatial scales. The most important characteristic of the host tree for determining carpenter ant nests was the presence of brown rot, and the majority of tree nests were isolated from forest openings. The presence of carpenter ants in forest plantations is, therefore, not harmful. Their presence could be used by forest managers as an indication of unsuitable stand conditions for the successful growth of the Norway spruce and other coniferous plantation trees.

scholarly journals Premature failure of utility poles in Switzerland and Germany related to wood decay basidiomycetes

Holzforschung ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Ribera ◽  
Mark Schubert ◽  
Siegfried Fink ◽  
Marco Cartabia ◽  
Francis W.M.R. Schwarze
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Wood Preservatives ◽  
Premature Failure ◽  
Utility Pole ◽  
Utility Poles ◽  
Cu Tolerance

Abstract In contact with soil, copper (Cu) formulations as preservatives are expected to inhibit wood decay by fungi and other soil-borne microorganisms. However, Cu-resistant brown-rot (BR) fungi lead to premature failures of utility poles at some sites. In this study, the service lives of 111 utility poles of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst) (73 from Switzerland and 38 from Germany) impregnated with Cu-based wood preservatives were investigated. Three segments of each utility pole were analyzed. The severity of decay was dependent on the preservative formulation. BR fungi and in particular Antrodia species were predominantly isolated from utility poles that were not treated with a co-biocide, e.g. boron (B). Cu-sensitivity of several isolated BR fungi was confirmed in studies on Cu-amended medium and in Cu-treated wood. Isolates of Fibroporia vaillantii and Serpula himantioides showed a higher Cu-tolerance than the highly Cu-tolerant Empa isolate Rhodonia placenta (Empa 45) or Antrodia serialis.

Nitrogen distribution in young Norway spruce (Picea abies) trees as affected by pedospheric nitrogen supply

1997 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 764-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heike Stoermer ◽  
Bettina Seith ◽  
Ulrike Hanemann ◽  
Eckhard George ◽  
Heinz Rennenberg
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Nitrogen Distribution
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