scholarly journals Vegetable Grafting as a Tool to Improve Drought Resistance and Water Use Efficiency

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Youssef Rouphael ◽  
Mariateresa Cardarelli ◽  
Giuseppe Colla
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Use Efficiency

Effects of Water Retaining Agent on the Growth and Water Use Efficiency of Hemarthria compressa

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 2236-2239
Author(s):  
Jun Ying Jin ◽  
Wei Hua Zhang ◽  
Bao Chang
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Physiological Indices ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Hemarthria Compressa ◽  
Maximum Threshold

The application of water retaining agent could evidently improve water use efficiency. The WUE was increased with the duration of using water retaining agent, compared with the control, it increased 5 to 11 times with the duration of 8 to16d, and the growth (eg. height, the ratio of shoot to root, and yield et al) and physiological indices (eg. root activities and chlorophyll contents) were not affected. Moreover, compared with the control, the proline content increased 3 times, which showed that the application of water retaining agent improve the drought resistance, and the maximum threshold was 16d for keeping the normal growth of Hemarthria compressa in this study.

Research Progress on Water Use Efficiency and Drought Resistance of Turfgrass

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Xin ◽  
Yan Qing-wei ◽  
Zhang Lu ◽  
Liu Hui-min ◽  
Zheng Hai-xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Use Efficiency

Water use, water use efficiency and drought resistance among warm-season turfgrasses in shallow soil profiles

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zhou ◽  
Christopher J. Lambrides ◽  
Ryan Kearns ◽  
Changrong Ye ◽  
Shu Fukai
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Survival Period ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Shallow Soil ◽  
Use Efficiency

As the available water supply for urban turfgrass management is becoming limited in Australia, it will be crucial to identify drought-resistant turfgrass species and water-saving management strategies. Eight (pre-)commercial turfgrasses grown in Australia, two each of four species including the bermudagrasses (Cynodon dactylon L.), the Queensland blue couches (Digitaria didactyla Willd), the seashore paspalums (Paspalum vaginatum Swartz.) and St Augustinegrasses (Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze) were evaluated in two lysimeter experiments. Shallow lysimeters (28 and 40 cm) were used to represent shallow soil profiles typical of urban environments. We measured gravimetric water use for the eight cultivars and calculated water use efficiency (WUE, clipping yield to water use ratio) and WUEr (ratio of WUE under drought to that under irrigated conditions). WUEr measured in both experiments correlated strongly with survival period and this relationship was not affected by soil type or cutting height. Using survival period as the criterion for drought resistance, the best were the bermudagrasses and the worst were the seashore paspalums and Queensland blue couches. The bermudagrass genotypes had the lowest water use, highest WUE and WUEr and the Queensland blue couches and seashore paspalums had the greatest water use, lowest WUE and WUEr. The possible mechanisms of drought resistance included lower water use and lower stomatal conductance as indicated by higher canopy temperature in the early stage of water deficit.

scholarly journals Characterizing Water Use Efficiency and Water Deficit Responses in Apple (Malus ×domestica Borkh. and Malus sieversii Ledeb.) M. Roem.

HortScience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1079-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole L. Bassett ◽  
D. Michael Glenn ◽  
Philip L. Forsline ◽  
Michael E. Wisniewski ◽  
Robert E. Farrell
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Drought Treatment ◽  
Malus Sieversii ◽  
Stomata Size ◽  
Use Efficiency

Reduced availability of water for agricultural use has been forecast for much of the planet as a result of global warming and greater urban demand for water in large metropolitan areas. Strategic improvement of water use efficiency (WUE) and drought tolerance in perennial crops, like fruit trees, could reduce water use without compromising yield or quality. We studied water use in apple trees using ‘Royal Gala’, a relatively water use-efficient cultivar, as a standard. To examine whether genes useful for improving WUE are represented in a wild relative genetically close to M. ×domestica, we surveyed Malus sieversii for traits associated with WUE and drought resistance using material collected from xeric sites in Kazakhstan. This collection has been maintained in Geneva, NY, and surveyed for various phenotypes and has been genetically characterized using simple sequence repeats (SSRs). These data suggest that most of the diversity in this population is contained within a subpopulation of 34 individuals. Analysis of this subpopulation for morphological traits traditionally associated with WUE or drought resistance, e.g., leaf size and stomata size and arrangement, indicated that these traits were not substantially different. These results imply that some of the genetic diversity may be associated with changes in the biochemistry, uptake, and/or transport of water, carbon, or oxygen that have allowed these trees to survive in water-limited environments. Furthermore, genes responding to drought treatment were isolated from ‘Royal Gala’ and categorized according to the biological processes with which they are associated. A large fraction of upregulated genes from roots were identified as stress-responsive, whereas genes from leaves were for the most part associated with photosynthesis. We plan to examine expression of these genes in the M. sieversii population during water deficit in future studies to compare their patterns of expression with ‘Royal Gala’.

Drought Resistance and Water Use Efficiency in Acacia saligna

1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rotem Nativ ◽  
Jhonathan E. Ephrath ◽  
Pedro R. Berliner ◽  
Yehoshua Saranga
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Vapor Pressure Deficit ◽  
Acacia Saligna ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Demand Control ◽  
Air Vapor Pressure Deficit

Acacia saligna (Labill.) H.Wendl, a potential crop for forage and wood production, is considered highly drought-resistant. The aim of this study was to characterise some of the physiological traits contributing to drought resistance in A. saligna. Two experiments were conducted: (i) 4-year-old A. saligna were grown in the field under dryland and irrigated treatments and (ii) 6-month-old A. saligna were grown in pots and irrigated to replenish 100% of the transpiration demand (control), or 75% 50% or 25% of the control. Soil-water deficits in the field elicited an increase in osmotic potential in phyllodes. Stomatal conductance was negatively correlated with air vapor pressure deficit under drought conditions in both experiments, whereas under irrigation in the field it was correlated with solar radiation. In the field, dry matter (DM) production under irrigation was only 14% greater (not significant) than under dryland. In the pot experiment, DM production was significantly reduced, and water use efficiency (WUE) and chlorophyll content increased with reduced availability of water. The greater WUE induced by drought could have resulted from stomatal regulation and increased chlorophyll content. Carbon isotope ratios were correlated with the WUE, and may be utilised for selection to further improve the WUE of A. saligna under drought conditions.

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