scholarly journals Search for Nodulation and Nodule Development-Related Cystatin Genes in the Genome of Soybean (Glycine max)

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songli Yuan ◽  
Rong Li ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Haifeng Chen ◽  
Chanjuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Nodule Development

Soya Bean (Glycine max L. Merr.) Genotype Response to Early-season Flooding: I. Root and Nodule Development

2007 ◽  
Vol 193 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Henshaw ◽  
R. A. Gilbert ◽  
J. M. S. Scholberg ◽  
T. R. Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Nodule Development ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Genotype Response

scholarly journals NolX of Sinorhizobium fredii USDA257, a Type III-Secreted Protein Involved in Host Range Determination, Is Localized in the Infection Threads of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) and Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) Nodules

2002 ◽  
Vol 184 (3) ◽  
pp. 831-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hari B. Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Soybean Cultivar ◽  
Nodule Development ◽  
Sinorhizobium Fredii ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Infection Threads ◽  
Cultivar Specificity

ABSTRACT Sinorhizobium fredii USDA257 forms nitrogen-fixing nodules on soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) in a cultivar-specific manner. This strain forms nodules on primitive soybean cultivars but fails to nodulate agronomically improved North American cultivars. Soybean cultivar specificity is regulated by the nolXWBTUV locus, which encodes part of a type III secretion system (TTSS). NolX, a soybean cultivar specificity protein, is secreted by TTSS and shows homology to HrpF of the plant pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria. It is not known whether NolX functions at the bacterium-plant interface or acts inside the host cell. Antibodies raised against S. fredii USDA257 NolX were used in immunocytochemical studies to investigate the subcellular localization of this protein. Immunostaining of paraffin-embedded sections of developing soybean and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) nodules revealed localization of NolX in the infection threads. Protein A-gold immunocytochemical localization studies utilizing affinity-purified NolX antibodies revealed specific deposition of gold particles in the fibrillar material inside infection threads. Similar immunogold localization studies failed to detect NolX in thin sections of mature soybean and cowpea nodules. The results from this study indicate that NolX is expressed in planta only during the early stages of nodule development.

SOME EFFECTS OF NITRATE ON SOYBEAN ROOT DEVELOPMENT

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. STONE ◽  
B. R. BUTTERY
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nodule Development ◽  
Root Extension ◽  
Morphological Aspects ◽  
Growth Room ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Top Dry Weight

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of nitrate on some morphological aspects of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) root growth and to determine the role of drainage in the response. Two indeterminate soybean cultivars were grown on 0, 10 and 40% mixtures of perlite and Brookston clay loam, supplied with Bradyrhizobium japonicum strain USDA 110, and watered with nutrient solutions containing 0 or 6 mM nitrate. Plants were grown in acrylic tubes until 21 and 53 d after emergence in corresponding field and growth room experiments, respectively. Response variables measured were the rate of taproot extension, root counts at the acrylic-soil interface, and top, root, and nodule dry weight. Nitrate suppressed nodule development and increased top dry weight but had no effect on the rate of taproot extension. Nitrate increased root counts and root dry weights in the field test, but decreased root counts in the growth room test. Top:root ratio was increased in the growth room but not in the field test. Increasing the proportion of perlite generally increased rates of root extension, root counts, and top dry weights in the field and growth room experiments. However, the soil mixture had no effect on nodule dry weight at either location, or on root dry weight in the growth room.Key words: Root extension, Glycine max, indeterminate, drainage

Heritability in the early nodulation of F3 and F4 soybean lines

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Pazdernik ◽  
P. H. Graham ◽  
J. H. Orf
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Nodule Development ◽  
Plant Introductions ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Shoot Mass ◽  
Two Populations

We have previously identified differences among soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] lines in early nodulation and N2 fixation, and related early nodule development and overall plant performance under N-limited field conditions. The objectives of the present study were: 1) to estimate heritabilities for nodule fresh weight (NFW), shoot dry weight (SDW), and root dry weight (RDW) determined 17 d after inoculation (DAI); 2) to examine genetic variation for total nodule soluble protein (TSOLP) at 17 DAI, and SDW and shoot N derived from fixation (SNdfa) at the R5 growth stage; and 3) to assess relationships between early nodulation and subsequent R5 shoot mass and SNdfa. The two populations used were derived from the Minnesota-adapted cultivars Kasota and Parker, and two plant introductions PI 437966 and PI 384469B. Genetic variances within populations were significant for most traits measured at 17 DAI, and at the R5 growth stage. Heritability estimates ranged from 0.79–0.82 for NFW, 0.51–0.56 for SDW, and 0.38–0.40 for RDW, with SDW also correlated with seed size at 17 DAI (r = 0.88**). Additional correlation analyses showed SNdfa correlated with NFW (r = 0.33**) and TSOLP (r = 0.46**). The results of this study suggest that gains from selection are possible for NFW and SDW at early stages of plant development. Key words: Glycine max (L.) Merr., nodulation, nitrogen fixation, heritabilitynot available

EFFECTS OF IRRIGATION AND FERTILIZER N ON N2(C2H2) FIXATION AND YIELD OF WHITE BEAN AND SOYBEAN

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. SMITH ◽  
D. J. HUME
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Nodule Development ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
Total N ◽  
Available N ◽  
White Bean ◽  
Seed Yields

White bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) generally fixes less atmospheric nitrogen (N2) than does soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merrill). Experiments were conducted to assess the sensitivity of both species to irrigation and fertilizer N. Trials were conducted near Elora, Ontario in 1981 to 1983 and at Cambridge, Ontario in 1983. Treatments included applying 1 cm/day of irrigation water, 200 kg N/ha added throughout the season (400 kg N/ha at Elora in 1983), 1 cm/day of irrigation water plus N, and a control with no added fertilizer or water. Irrigation increased N2(C2H2) fixation in white bean by four to 150 times and in soybean by two to four times. Nodule mass and nodule size also were generally increased more in white bean than in soybean. Specific nodule activity (SNA) was increased similarly in both species. Fertilizer N decreased N2(C2H2) fixation consistently, and also lowered nodulation and SNA in most cases. The increase due to irrigation was the same in most instances under low or high N conditions. There was no indication that nodulation and N2(C2H2) fixation were more sensitive to fertilizer N in white bean than soybean. Fertilizer N application caused 10–20% increases in total N accumulation in each experiment, but seed yields were only increased by fertilizer N at the site with the least available soil N. N2(C2H2) fixation by white bean was much less than by soybean, yet seed yields of white bean were higher in two of the four trials. Yields in white bean appeared no more limited by available N than were yields in soybean.Key words: Phaseolus vulgaris, Glycine max, N2(C2H2) fixation, nodule development, seed yield

Nodulin gene expression during soybean (Glycine max) nodule development

1987 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 395-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ton Gloudemans ◽  
Sacco de Vries ◽  
Henk-Jan Bussink ◽  
Nasir S. A. Malik ◽  
Henk J. Franssen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Nodule Development

Newly featured infection events in a supernodulating soybean mutant SS2-2 by Bradyrhizobium japonicum

2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Puji Lestari ◽  
Kyujung Van ◽  
Moon Young Kim ◽  
Byun-Woo Lee ◽  
Suk-Ha Lee
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Cortical Cell ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Nodule Development ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Supernodulating Mutant

Supernodulating soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) mutant SS2-2 and its wild-type counterpart, Sinpaldalkong 2, were examined for the microstructural events associated with nodule formation and development. SS2-2 produced a substantially higher percentage of curled root hairs than the wild type, especially at 14 days after inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum. In addition, there was new evidence that in SS2-2, B. japonicum also entered through fissures created by the emerging adventitious root primordia. Early steps of nodule ontogeny were faster in SS2-2, and continued development of initiated nodules was more frequent and occurred at a higher frequency than in the wild type. These data suggest that the early expression of autoregulation is facilitated by decreasing the speed of cortical cell development, leading to the subsequent termination of less-developed nodules. The nodules of SS2-2 developed into spherical nodules like those formed on the wild type. In both the wild type and supernodulating mutant, vascular bundles bifurcate from root stele and branch off in the nodule cortex to surround the central infected zone. These findings indicate that SS2-2 has complete endosymbiosis and forms completely developed nodule vascular bundles like the wild type, but that the speed of nodule ontogeny differs between the wild type and SS2-2. Thus, SS2-2 has a novel symbiotic phenotype with regard to nodule organogenesis.Key words: Bradyrhizobium japonicum, early nodule development, Glycine max, root hair curling, supernodulation.

Development of Discontinuous Size Classes of Nodules of Glycine max

1980 ◽  
Vol 35 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 776-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Stripf ◽  
D. Wemer
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Rhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Nodule Development ◽  
Enhancement Effect ◽  
Nodule Size ◽  
Size Classes ◽  
Nodule Number

Abstract In order to characterize developmental stages of nodules of Glycine max nitrogenase activity in the variety Caloria, infected with Rhizobium japonicum 61-A -101, was studied in atmospheres with 19 and 40% O2. By the enhancement effect at 40% O2 four stages of nodule development could be separated. Nitrogenase activity depends also among other things on nodule size. 3 -4 maxima in nodule number and nodule weight were found by fractionating nodules in 12 different size classes. Discontinuous size distribution was found with medium aged and old effective nodules. Nodule number (20 to 30) of effective nodules per plant remains constant. Ineffective nodules remain far smaller than the effective ones, the number increases to more than 140 per plant and only one discontinuous size classe was observed. Bacteroids and plant cytoplasm from nodules of some size classes are characterized by their leghaemoglobin content and specific activity of enzymes of nitrogen metabolism such as aspartate aminotransferase (E.C. 2.6.1.1), glutamate dehydrogenase (E.C. 1.4.1.2) and alanine de­ hydrogenase (E.C. 1.4.1.1). The data in the various size classes are similar both in the bacteroids and the plant cytoplasm, however, leghaemoglobin content and specific activity of the bacterial enzyme alanine dehydrogenase are positively correlated with the increasing nodule size.

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