scholarly journals Physiological Mechanisms Underlying the High-Grain Yield and High-Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Elite Rice Varieties under a Low Rate of Nitrogen Application in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilian Wu ◽  
Shen Yuan ◽  
Liying Huang ◽  
Fan Sun ◽  
Guanglong Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Low Rate

scholarly journals Genome-wide associated study identifies NAC42-activated nitrate transporter conferring high nitrogen use efficiency in rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weijie Tang ◽  
Jian Ye ◽  
Xiangmei Yao ◽  
Pingzhi Zhao ◽  
Wei Xuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Nitrate Transporter ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Related Transcription Factor ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Natural Variations

AbstractOver-application of nitrogen fertilizer in fields has had a negative impact on both environment and human health. Domesticated rice varieties with high nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) reduce fertilizer for sustainable agriculture. Here, we perform genome-wide association analysis of a diverse rice population displaying extreme nitrogen-related phenotypes over three successive years in the field, and identify an elite haplotype of nitrate transporter OsNPF6.1HapB that enhances nitrate uptake and confers high NUE by increasing yield under low nitrogen supply. OsNPF6.1HapB differs in both the protein and promoter element with natural variations, which are differentially trans-activated by OsNAC42, a NUE-related transcription factor. The rare natural allele OsNPF6.1HapB, derived from variation in wild rice and selected for enhancing both NUE and yield, has been lost in 90.3% of rice varieties due to the increased application of fertilizer. Our discovery highlights this NAC42-NPF6.1 signaling cascade as a strategy for high NUE and yield breeding in rice.

scholarly journals Shoot and root traits of summer maize hybrid varieties with higher grain yields and higher nitrogen use efficiency at low nitrogen application rates

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7294
Author(s):  
Wennan Su ◽  
Muhammad Kamran ◽  
Jun Xie ◽  
Xiangping Meng ◽  
Qingfang Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Root Distribution ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Low Nitrogen

Breeding high-yielding and nitrogen-efficient maize (Zea mays L.) hybrid varieties is a strategy that could simultaneously solve the problems of resource shortages and environmental pollution. We conducted a 2-year field study using four nitrogen application rates (0, 150, 225, and 300 kg N hm−2) and two maize hybrid varieties (ZD958 and QS101) to understand the plant traits related to high grain yields and high nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). We found that ZD958 had a higher grain yield and nitrogen accumulation in the shoots at harvest as well as a higher NUE at lower nitrogen application rates (0 and 150 kg hm–2) than QS101. The grain yields and NUE were almost identical for the two hybrid varieties at nitrogen application rates of 225 and 300 kg N hm–2. Compared with QS101, ZD958 had higher above-ground and below-ground biomass amounts, a deeper root distribution, longer root length, root active absorption area, greater grain filling rate, and higher photosynthetic NUE than QS101 at lower nitrogen application rates. Our results showed that ZD958 can maintain a higher grain yield at lower nitrogen rates in a similar manner to N-efficient maize hybrid varieties. The selection of hybrids such as ZD958 with a deeper root distribution and higher photosynthetic NUE can increase the grain yield and NUE under low nitrogen conditions.

scholarly journals Identification of High Nitrogen Use Efficiency Phenotype in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Through Entire Growth Duration by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Multispectral Imagery

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Liang ◽  
Bo Duan ◽  
Xiaoyun Luo ◽  
Yi Ma ◽  
Zhengqing Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Use Efficiency

Identification of high Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE) phenotypes has been a long-standing challenge in breeding rice and sustainable agriculture to reduce the costs of nitrogen (N) fertilizers. There are two main challenges: (1) high NUE genetic sources are biologically scarce and (2) on the technical side, few easy, non-destructive, and reliable methodologies are available to evaluate plant N variations through the entire growth duration (GD). To overcome the challenges, we captured a unique higher NUE phenotype in rice as a dynamic time-series N variation curve through the entire GD analysis by canopy reflectance data collected by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Remote Sensing Platform (UAV-RSP) for the first time. LY9348 was a high NUE rice variety with high Nitrogen Uptake Efficiency (NUpE) and high Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency (NUtE) shown in nitrogen dosage field analysis. Its canopy nitrogen content (CNC) was analyzed by the high-throughput UAV-RSP to screen two mixed categories (51 versus 42 varieties) selected from representative higher NUE indica rice collections. Five Vegetation Indices (VIs) were compared, and the Normalized Difference Red Edge Index (NDRE) showed the highest correlation with CNC (r = 0.80). Six key developmental stages of rice varieties were compared from transplantation to maturation, and the high NUE phenotype of LY9348 was shown as a dynamic N accumulation curve, where it was moderately high during the vegetative developmental stages but considerably higher in the reproductive developmental stages with a slower reduction rate. CNC curves of different rice varieties were analyzed to construct two non-linear regression models between N% or N% × leaf area index (LAI) with NDRE separately. Both models could determine the specific phenotype with the coefficient of determination (R2) above 0.61 (Model I) and 0.86 (Model II). Parameters influencing the correlation accuracy between NDRE and N% were found to be better by removing the tillering stage data, separating the short and long GD varieties for the analysis and adding canopy structures, such as LAI, into consideration. The high NUE phenotype of LY9348 could be traced and reidentified across different years, locations, and genetic germplasm groups. Therefore, an effective and reliable high-throughput method was proposed for assisting the selection of the high NUE breeding phenotype.

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