scholarly journals Elevated air humidity affects hydraulic traits and tree size but not biomass allocation in young silver birches (Betula pendula)

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Sellin ◽  
Katrin Rosenvald ◽  
Eele Õunapuu-Pikas ◽  
Arvo Tullus ◽  
Ivika Ostonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Tree Size ◽  
Air Humidity

Carbon allocation in early successional tree species at elevated air humidity and different soil nitrogen sources

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marili Sell ◽  
Ivika Ostonen ◽  
Gristin Rohula-Okunev ◽  
Azadeh Rezapour ◽  
Priit Kupper
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Root Respiration ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Silver Birch ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Exudation Rate

<p>Global climate change scenarios predict increasing air temperature, enhanced precipitation and air humidity for Northern latitudes. We investigated the effects of elevated air relative humidity (RH) and different inorganic nitrogen sources (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>, NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>) on above- and belowground traits in different tree species, with particular emphasis on rhizodeposition rates. Silver birch, hybrid aspen and Scots pine saplings were grown in PERCIVAL growth chambers with stabile temperature, light intensity and two different air humidity conditions: moderate (mRH, 65% at day and 80% at night) and elevated (eRH, 80% at day and night). The collection of fine root exudates was conducted by a culture-based cuvette method and total organic carbon content was determined by Vario TOC analyser. Fine root respiration was measured with an infra-red gas analyser CIRAS 2.  </p><p>We analysed species-specific biomass allocation, water and rhizodeposition fluxes, foliar and fine root traits in response to changing environmental conditions. The eRH significantly decreased the transpiration flux in all species. In birch the transpiration flux was also affected by the nitrogen source. The average carbon exudation rate for aspen, birch and pine varied from 2 to 3  μg C g<sup>-1</sup> day <sup>-1</sup>. The exudation rates for deciduous tree species tended to increase at eRH, while conversely decreased for coniferous trees (p=0.045), coinciding with the changes in biomass allocation. C flux released by fine root respiration varied more than the fine root exudation, whereas the highest root respiration was found in silver birch and lowest in aspen. At eRH the above and belowground biomass ratio in aspen increased, at the expense of decreased root biomass and root respiration.  </p><p>Moreover, eRH significantly affected fine root morphology, whereas the response of specific root area was reverse for deciduous and coniferous tree species. However, fine roots with lower root tissue density had higher C exudation rate. Our findings underline the importance of considering species-specific differences by elucidating tree’s acclimation to environmental factors and their interactions.   </p>

scholarly journals Biomass Allocation into Woody Parts and Foliage in Young Common Aspen (Populus tremula L.)—Trees and a Stand-Level Study in the Western Carpathians

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bohdan Konôpka ◽  
Jozef Pajtík ◽  
Vladimír Šebeň ◽  
Peter Surový ◽  
Katarína Merganičová
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Tree Size ◽  
Populus Tremula ◽  
Tree Biomass ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Biomass Models ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Independent Variable

Our research of common aspen (Populus tremula L.) focused on the forested mountainous area in central Slovakia. Forest stands (specifically 27 plots from 9 sites) with ages between 2 and 15 years were included in measurements and sampling. Whole tree biomass of aspen individuals was destructively sampled, separated into tree components (leaves, branches, stem, and roots), and then dried and weighed. Subsamples of fresh leaves from three crown parts (upper, middle, and lower) were scanned, dried, and weighed. Allometric biomass models with stem base diameter as an independent variable were derived for individual tree components. Basic foliage traits, i.e., leaf mass, leaf area, and specific leaf area, were modelled with regard to tree size and leaf position within the crown. Moreover, biomass stock of the woody parts and foliage as well as the leaf area index were modelled using mean stand diameter as an independent variable. Foliage traits changed with both tree size and crown part. Biomass models showed that foliage contribution to total tree biomass decreased with tree size. The total foliage area of a tree increased with tree size, reaching its maximum value of about 12 m2 for a tree with a diameter of 120 mm. Leaf area index increased with mean stand diameter, reaching a maximum value of 13.5 m2 m−2. Since no data for biomass allocation for common aspen had been available at either the tree or stand levels, our findings might serve for both theoretical (e.g., modelling of growth processes) and practical (forestry and agro-forestry stakeholders) purposes.

Does elevated air humidity modify hydraulically relevant anatomical traits of wood in Betula pendula?

Trees ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 1361-1371
Author(s):  
Meeli Alber ◽  
Giai Petit ◽  
Arne Sellin
Keyword(s):  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Air Humidity

Belowground and aboveground biomass in young postfire lodgepole pine forests of contrasting tree density

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Creighton M Litton ◽  
Michael G Ryan ◽  
Daniel B Tinker ◽  
Dennis H Knight
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Tree Density ◽  
Tree Size ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Coarse Root ◽  
Wide Range

As much as 40% of live biomass in coniferous forests is located belowground, yet the effect of tree density on biomass allocation is poorly understood. We developed allometric equations using traditional harvesting techniques to estimate coarse root biomass for [Formula: see text]13-year-old postfire lodgepole pine trees (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.). We then used these equations, plus estimates of fine root and aboveground biomass, to estimate total tree biomass and belowground to aboveground biomass ratios in young postfire lodgepole pine stands with a wide range of tree densities. Belowground biomass allocation increased with tree density, but the increase was largely determined by inherent differences associated with tree size, not competition. Stand biomass in trees ranged from 46 to 5529 kg·ha–1 belowground, from 176 to 9400 kg·ha–1 aboveground, and from 222 to 13 685 kg·ha–1 for total biomass. For individual trees, the ratio of belowground to total biomass declined with tree size from 0.44 at a basal diameter of 0.5 cm to 0.11 at a basal diameter of 8 cm. This shift in individual tree allocation caused the proportion of total stand biomass in belowground tissues to increase from 19% in low-density stands with larger trees to 31% in high-density stands with small trees.

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