scholarly journals A small-scale proteomic approach reveals a survival strategy, including a reduction in alkaloid biosynthesis, in Hyoscyamus albus roots subjected to iron deficiency

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jebunnahar Khandakar ◽  
Izumi Haraguchi ◽  
Kenichi Yamaguchi ◽  
Yoshie Kitamura
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Survival Strategy ◽  
Alkaloid Biosynthesis ◽  
Proteomic Approach ◽  
Hyoscyamus Albus

Part-Peasant, Part-Trader: A Study of the Rural Poor in Republican Shanxi

Rural China ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-290
Author(s):  
Aiming Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Household Labor ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Rural Poor ◽  
Survival Strategy ◽  
Efficient Allocation ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Surplus Labor ◽  
Commercial Activities ◽  
Poor Peasant

Abstract Mixed occupations are a prominent feature of China’s smallholder peasant economy. For poor peasant households with little land, working in multiple occupations is a survival strategy that represents a more rational or efficient allocation of household labor. In central Shanxi in the 1930s and 1940s, the growth of the commercial economy encouraged peasant households to dedicate their surplus labor to small-scale commercial activities (including itinerant trade and shopkeeping apprenticeship), thus leading to the formation of a mixed “part-peasant, part-trader” 半耕半商 economy. This economy was characterized by the following practices: First, many young, able-bodied men farmed during the busy seasons and peddled goods in the slack seasons. Second, other able-bodied men engaged in off-farm commercial activities year-round, while female and elderly dependents did the farming—often with the help of relatives and neighbors. This represented a rational gendered and intergenerational allocation of labor that undercut labor market prices to maximize household income. Third, any surplus income from commerce, after satisfying basic consumption needs, was used to purchase more land as subsistence insurance against the vagaries of the commercial economy. These mixed practices of mutually supporting agriculture and commerce developed into a robust and competitive part-peasant, part-trader economic system.

scholarly journals Galactose oxidase/kelch repeat-containing protein is involved in the iron deficiency stress response in the roots of Hyoscyamus albus

Plant Root ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (0) ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
Yuki Kawahara ◽  
Takashi Hashimoto ◽  
Hideki Nakayama ◽  
Yoshie Kitamura
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Galactose Oxidase ◽  
Hyoscyamus Albus

scholarly journals Identification of plasma biomarker candidates in glioblastoma using an antibody-array-based proteomic approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klemen Zupancic ◽  
Andrej Blejec ◽  
Ana Herman ◽  
Matija Veber ◽  
Urska Verbovsek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Cell Signalling ◽  
Therapy Response ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Antibody Array ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Guanine Nucleotide Binding Protein ◽  
Proteomic Approach ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a brain tumour with a very high patient mortality rate, with a median survival of 47 weeks. This might be improved by the identification of novel diagnostic, prognostic and predictive therapy-response biomarkers, preferentially through the monitoring of the patient blood. The aim of this study was to define the impact of GBM in terms of alterations of the plasma protein levels in these patients. Materials and methods. We used a commercially available antibody array that includes 656 antibodies to analyse blood plasma samples from 17 healthy volunteers in comparison with 17 blood plasma samples from patients with GBM. Results. We identified 11 plasma proteins that are statistically most strongly associated with the presence of GBM. These proteins belong to three functional signalling pathways: T-cell signalling and immune responses; cell adhesion and migration; and cell-cycle control and apoptosis. Thus, we can consider this identified set of proteins as potential diagnostic biomarker candidates for GBM. In addition, a set of 16 plasma proteins were significantly associated with the overall survival of these patients with GBM. Guanine nucleotide binding protein alpha (GNAO1) was associated with both GBM presence and survival of patients with GBM. Conclusions. Antibody array analysis represents a useful tool for the screening of plasma samples for potential cancer biomarker candidates in small-scale exploratory experiments; however, clinical validation of these candidates requires their further evaluation in a larger study on an independent cohort of patients.

scholarly journals Root tip-dependent, active riboflavin secretion by Hyoscyamus albus hairy roots under iron deficiency

2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 452-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ataru Higa ◽  
Erika Miyamoto ◽  
Laiq ur Rahman ◽  
Yoshie Kitamura
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Hairy Roots ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Hyoscyamus Albus

scholarly journals Fetal iron deficiency alters the proteome of adult rat hippocampal synaptosomes

2013 ◽  
Vol 305 (11) ◽  
pp. R1297-R1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phu V. Tran ◽  
Srikanth Dakoji ◽  
Kathryn H. Reise ◽  
Kathleen K. Storey ◽  
Michael K. Georgieff
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Pathway Analysis ◽  
Protein Identification ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Synaptic Proteins ◽  
Synaptic Efficacy ◽  
Absolute Quantitation ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Proteomic Approach ◽  
Iron Deficient

Fetal and neonatal iron deficiency results in cognitive impairments in adulthood despite prompt postnatal iron replenishment. To systematically determine whether abnormal expression and localization of proteins that regulate adult synaptic efficacy are involved, we used a quantitative proteomic approach (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation, iTRAQ) and pathway analysis to identify dysregulated proteins in hippocampal synapses of fetal iron deficiency model. Rat pups were made iron deficient (ID) from gestational day 2 through postnatal day (P) 7 by providing pregnant and nursing dams an ID diet (4 ppm Fe) after which they were rescued with an iron-sufficient diet (200 ppm Fe). This paradigm resulted in a 40% loss of brain iron at P15 with complete recovery by P56. Synaptosomes were prepared from hippocampi of the formerly iron-deficient (FID) and always iron-sufficient controls rats at P65 using a sucrose gradient method. Six replicates per group that underwent iTRAQ labeling and LC-MS/MS analysis for protein identification and comparison elucidated 331 differentially expressed proteins. Western analysis was used to confirm findings for selected proteins in the glutamate receptor signaling pathway, which regulates hippocampal synaptic plasticity, a cellular process critical for learning and memory. Bioinformatics were performed using knowledge-based Interactive Pathway Analysis. FID synaptosomes show altered expression of synaptic proteins-mediated cellular signalings, supporting persistent impacts of fetal iron deficiency on synaptic efficacy, which likely cause the cognitive dysfunction and neurobehavioral abnormalities. Importantly, the findings uncover previously unsuspected pathways, including neuronal nitric oxide synthase signaling, identifying additional mechanisms that may contribute to the long-term biobehavioral deficits.

scholarly journals Extraction and fractionation of subproteome from root tips of Hyoscyamus albus

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-436
Author(s):  
Jebunnahar Khandakar ◽  
Md Abdul Muktadir ◽  
Md Shafiqul Islam ◽  
Kenichi Yamaguchi ◽  
Tatsuya Oda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Quadrupole Ion Trap ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Hydrophobic Membrane ◽  
Adaptation Mechanism ◽  
Sequential Chemical Extraction ◽  
Hyoscyamus Albus

Identification and quantification of different metabolites under stress, especially protein, is a vital way to understand plant adaptation mechanism. We established an efficient protein extraction method from the tiny amount (100 mg) of root tips of non-model medicinal plant Hyoscyamus albus, using bead-beating cell disruption, TRIzol extraction, and sequential chemical protein solubilization. H. albus is very well known for biosynthesized of different secondary metabolites like hyoscyamine, tropane alkaloids and scopolamine. Our method is rational for sample preparation even in small-scale proteomics of recalcitrant tissue and allows proficient, reproducible and impurity-free protein extraction. This method allows high-quality 2DE in mini-gel format (25 µg of protein/gel) for hydrophilic and hydrophobic sub-proteomes and is compatible to high-sensitive matrix-assisted laser/desorption ionization quadrupole ion trap time-of-flight (MALDI-QIT-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS). A protocol using TRIzol is more effective and reproducible to sequential chemical extraction of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic membrane proteins. We also demonstrated cell disrupted together with dithiothreitol (DTT) and polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP) is more useful to prevent polymerization of the phenolic compound than commonly used added DTT and PVPP with TRIzol reagent. Despite the unavailability of genomic sequence database, the efficacy of the protocol was also confirmed by MS/MS ion searches. J Bangladesh Agril Univ 17(4): 430–436, 2019

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