scholarly journals Active Turnover of Heme in Hibernation Period in Mammals

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phil Jun Lee ◽  
Namki Cho ◽  
Hee Min Yoo ◽  
Hong Pyo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Hibernation Period

scholarly journals Patterns of Feeding by Householders Affect Activity of Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) during the Hibernation Period

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Gazzard ◽  
Philip J. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Food Sources ◽  
Energy Deficit ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Survey Period ◽  
Erinaceus Europaeus ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
Hibernation Period ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Anthropogenic Food Sources ◽  
The Town

West European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) are likely to encounter unusual ecological features in urban habitats, such as anthropogenic food sources and artificial refugia. Quantifying how these affect hedgehog behaviour is vital for informing conservation guidelines for householders. We monitored hedgehog presence/absence in gardens in the town of Reading, UK, over the winter of 2017–2018 using a volunteer-based footprint tunnel survey, and collected data on garden characteristics, supplementary feeding (SF) habits, and local environmental conditions. Over a 20-week survey period, hedgehog presence was lowest between January and March. Occupancy analysis indicated that SF significantly affected hedgehog presence/absence before, during, and after hibernation. The number of nesting opportunities available in gardens, average temperatures, and daylength were also supported as important factors at different stages. In particular, our results suggest that SF could act to increase levels of activity during the winter when hedgehogs should be hibernating. Stimulating increased activity at this sensitive time could push hedgehogs into a net energy deficit or, conversely, help some individuals survive which might not otherwise do so. Therefore, further research is necessary to determine whether patterns of feeding by householders have a positive or negative effect on hedgehog populations during the hibernation period.

scholarly journals Возрастная структура популяции азиатского бурундука (Tamias sibiricus) в Северном Приохотье

2021 ◽  
pp. 90-96
Author(s):  
E. A. Dubinin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Hibernation Period ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Siberian Chipmunk ◽  
Tamias Sibiricus ◽  
Masticatory Surface ◽  
Lower Molar

The age-related variability of the abrasion degree of the masticatory surface of the first lower molar in the Northern Priokhotye population of the Siberian chipmunk has been studied. It has been revealed that, in young of the current year, from the time they abandoning breeding burrows to the hibernation period, the index of abrasion of the masticatory surface m1 is 0.6-3.5 %. The area of exposed dentin on the molar masticatory surface increases annually by 5-6 % averagely in overwintered adult animals. According to the abrasion index, 4-5 age classes are distinguished in the population. The group of animals aged 1+ yrs dominates in number (40.8 %). The specific survival rate of individuals in the range from 1 to 3 years is approximately 0.5. After three years, it drops sharply (0.23). Less than 3 % of individuals survive up to 4 years or more in the population.

scholarly journals Over-Winter Survival and Nest Site Selection of the West-European Hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) in Arable Dominated Landscapes

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy E. Bearman-Brown ◽  
Philip J. Baker ◽  
Dawn Scott ◽  
Antonio Uzal ◽  
Luke Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nest Site Selection ◽  
Mass Change ◽  
The West ◽  
Erinaceus Europaeus ◽  
Hibernation Period ◽  
Anthropogenic Habitat ◽  
European Hedgehog ◽  
West European

The West-European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) has declined markedly in the UK. The winter hibernation period may make hedgehogs vulnerable to anthropogenic habitat and climate changes. Therefore, we studied two contrasting populations in England to examine patterns of winter nest use, body mass changes and survival during hibernation. No between-site differences were evident in body mass prior to hibernation nor the number of winter nests used, but significant differences in overwinter mass change and survival were observed. Mass change did not, however, affect survival rates; all deaths occurred prior to or after the hibernation period, mainly from predation or vehicle collisions. Hedgehogs consistently nested in proximity to hedgerows, roads and woodlands, but avoided pasture fields; differences between sites were evident for the selection for or avoidance of arable fields, amenity grassland and buildings. Collectively, these data indicate that hibernation was not a period of significant mortality for individuals that had attained sufficient weight (>600 g) pre-hibernation. Conversely, habitat composition did significantly affect the positioning of winter nests, such that different land management practices (historic and current) might potentially influence hibernation success. The limitations of this study and suggestions for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Observations on certain physiological processes of the marmot. I.—The heart

1930 ◽  
Vol 107 (750) ◽  
pp. 222-230 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Hibernation Period

In the autumn of 1929 thirteen marmots were brought to Cambridge by one of us (Endres) after the hibernation period had commenced. Of these, we owe four to the kindness of Prof. Adolph Löwy of the Schweizer Forschungsinstitut at Davos. The remainder came from Roffna near the Julier Pass. During the first few days of their captivity in Cambridge they were kept at about 5° C. in the Low Temperature Station, and for this hospitality we would like to thank Sir William Hardy. This temperature proved too low. One of the most remarkable facts about marmots, which has been described by Mangili is that they can be awakened, not only by heat but by cold; at temperatures slightly above 0° C. several of the marmots woke. We shall have to refer to this phenomenon later. The marmots were then placed in an unheated wooden “Army hut,” in a wooden box which was contained in a much larger box. Between the two boxes was sawdust. Also sawdust and hay were put in the small box. The smaller box was covered with a lid, and there was a hole in the side, through which the marmots could leave the inner box for purposes of defæcation or micturition. It is stated in the literature that a marmot wakes up about once in three weeks for this purpose. Our experience was that, when the animals first came, they performed the functions of micturition and defæcation more frequently that at a later stage in the winter. They were losing water all the time, which was not replenished. The temperature of the box containing the marmots was always above that of the outside air. During the winter of 1929-30 there was very little frost, and the lowest temperature noted on the “minimum” registering thermometer in the outer box was 2° C., and that only once.

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