scholarly journals Reviewing the Role of the Efferent Vestibular System in Motor and Vestibular Circuits

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miranda A. Mathews ◽  
Aaron J. Camp ◽  
Andrew J. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Vestibular System ◽  
Efferent Vestibular System

Development of the rat efferent vestibular system on the ground and in microgravity

2001 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Demêmes ◽  
Claude J Dechesne ◽  
Stéphanie Venteo ◽  
Florence Gaven ◽  
Jacqueline Raymond
Keyword(s):  
Vestibular System ◽  
Efferent Vestibular System

A role of glucocorticoid receptors in the guinea pig vestibular system

1999 ◽  
Vol 851 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 258-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Shimogori ◽  
Hiroshi Yamashita ◽  
Tatsuo Watanabe ◽  
Shoji Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Vestibular System ◽  
Glucocorticoid Receptors

The Efferent Vestibular System

2012 ◽  
pp. 116-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay M. Goldberg ◽  
Victor J. Wilson ◽  
Kathleen E. Cullen ◽  
Dora E. Angelaki ◽  
Dianne M. Broussard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vestibular System ◽  
Efferent Vestibular System

scholarly journals A review of efferent cholinergic synaptic transmission in the vestibular periphery and its functional implications

2020 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 608-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Poppi ◽  
J. C. Holt ◽  
R. Lim ◽  
A. M. Brichta
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Transmission ◽  
Vestibular System ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Cholinergic Synaptic Transmission ◽  
Behavioral Studies ◽  
Functional Implications ◽  
Electrophysiological Studies ◽  
Efferent Vestibular System ◽  
Anatomical Characterization

It has been over 60 years since peripheral efferent vestibular terminals were first identified in mammals, and yet the function of the efferent vestibular system remains obscure. One reason for the lack of progress may be due to our deficient understanding of the peripheral efferent synapse. Although vestibular efferent terminals were identified as cholinergic less than a decade after their anatomical characterization, the cellular mechanisms that underlie the properties of these synapses have had to be inferred. In this review we examine how recent mammalian studies have begun to reveal both nicotinic and muscarinic effects at these terminals and therefore provide a context for fast and slow responses observed in classic electrophysiological studies of the mammalian efferent vestibular system, nearly 40 years ago. Although incomplete, these new results together with those of recent behavioral studies are helping to unravel the mysterious and perplexing action of the efferent vestibular system. Armed with this information, we may finally appreciate the behavioral framework in which the efferent vestibular system operates.

Effects of postural changes and vestibular lesions on diaphragm and rectus abdominis activity in awake cats

2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Cotter ◽  
H. E. Arendt ◽  
J. G. Jasko ◽  
C. Sprando ◽  
S. P. Cass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vestibular System ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Rectus Abdominis ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Body Rotation ◽  
Postural Changes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Awake Cats

Changes in posture can affect the resting length of the diaphragm, requiring alterations in the activity of both the abdominal muscles and the diaphragm to maintain stable ventilation. To determine the role of the vestibular system in regulating respiratory muscle discharges during postural changes, spontaneous diaphragm and rectus abdominis activity and modulation of the firing of these muscles during nose-up and ear-down tilt were compared before and after removal of labyrinthine inputs in awake cats. In vestibular-intact animals, nose-up and ear-down tilts from the prone position altered rectus abdominis firing, whereas the effects of body rotation on diaphragm activity were not statistically significant. After peripheral vestibular lesions, spontaneous diaphragm and rectus abdominis discharges increased significantly (by ∼170%), and augmentation of rectus abdominis activity during nose-up body rotation was diminished. However, spontaneous muscle activity and responses to tilt began to recover after a few days after the lesions, presumably because of plasticity in the central vestibular system. These data suggest that the vestibular system provides tonic inhibitory influences on rectus abdominis and the diaphragm and in addition contributes to eliciting increases in abdominal muscle activity during some changes in body orientation.

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