scholarly journals Pseudo-acetylation of K326 and K328 of actin disrupts Drosophila melanogaster indirect flight muscle structure and performance

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meera C. Viswanathan ◽  
Anna C. Blice-Baum ◽  
William Schmidt ◽  
D. Brian Foster ◽  
Anthony Cammarato
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Flight Muscle ◽  
Indirect Flight Muscle ◽  
Muscle Structure ◽  
And Performance

Isolation and characterization of flightless mutants in Drosophila melanogaster

Development ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-143
Author(s):  
Takao Koana ◽  
Yoshiki Hotta
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Flight Muscle ◽  
Chromosomal Mapping ◽  
Indirect Flight Muscle ◽  
Mapping Technique ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Genetic Mosaic ◽  
Column Type ◽  
Muscle Genes ◽  
Development And Differentiation

Since animal behaviour is executed through neuronal circuits including sensory receptors and muscle, genes vital for their development and differentiation must be found among mutants having behavioural anomaly. After mutagenesis with ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS), we screened for X-linked flightless mutants of Drosophila melanogaster by using a column-type flight tester. Approximately 104 individuals were screened and 21 mutant genes were isolated. Chromosomal mapping and complementation experiments revealed that they belong to 15 cistrons randomly located on X chromosome, three cistrons having more than two alleles. Two of the isolated mutants (AtO2 and AtH, which are recessive both behaviourally and morphologically) were analysed with the mosaic fate mapping technique, and both were found to have their primary foci in mesodermal region of blastoderm, suggesting that the genes exert their primary effect in indirect flight muscle. Electronmicroscopic studies on the muscles from four alleles of the AtO2 cistron revealed an abnormality in myofibrillar arrangement. A possible deficit within Z-band components is discussed in relation to wings-up B mutants. The indirect flight muscle of AltH was also examined, and it was found that sarcomere length and diameter of myofibrils were abnormal. It was postulated that a possible factor which controls size of myofibrils is defective in this mutant. These examples indicate the advantage of combining ultrastructural examination with genetic mosaic mapping technique.

Functional and ultrastructural effects of a missense mutation in the indirect flight muscle-specific actin gene of Drosophila melanogaster

1991 ◽  
Vol 222 (4) ◽  
pp. 963-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Sparrow ◽  
Mary Reedy ◽  
Elizabeth Ball ◽  
Vassilis Kyrtatas ◽  
Justin Molloy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Missense Mutation ◽  
Flight Muscle ◽  
Indirect Flight Muscle ◽  
Actin Gene

scholarly journals OVERLAP OF THE BIREFRINGENT COMPONENT OF ADJACENT A REGIONS DURING THE INDUCED SHORTENING OF FIBRILS TEASED FROM DROSOPHILA MUSCLE

1963 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Aronson
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Flight Muscle ◽  
Indirect Flight Muscle ◽  
Initial Length

Fibrils from the indirect flight muscle of Drosophila melanogaster which have been teased into a solution containing 0.1 M KCl, 2 mM EDTA, 4 mM MgCl2, and 2.5 mM ATP at pH 7.0 can be made to shorten to 10 per cent of their initial length by reducing the level of ATP at a pH of about 8 or by briefly treating the fibrils with trypsin before lowering the level of ATP. Fibrils shortened in either of these ways, when dehydrated and immersed in nitrobenzene, display a strong positively birefringent band at the level of the Z band. In the trypsin-treated fibrils the width of this Z band increases as the fibril shortens. The data obtained are in agreement with the view that the positively birefringent Z band results from the interdigitation of A filaments in adjacent sarcomeres. With shortening to about 35 per cent of the initial length, the cytological pattern suggests that the A filaments of alternate as well as of adjacent A regions interdigitate.

scholarly journals Mutations of Drosophila melanogaster that affect muscles

Development ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-63
Author(s):  
I. I. Deak
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Flight Muscle ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Muscle Structure ◽  
Site Of Action ◽  
Chromosome Mutations ◽  
Complementation Groups ◽  
Flight Muscles ◽  
Genetic Techniques

Eight X-chromosome mutations (falling into five complementation groups) that affect the development and morphology of the indirect flight muscles of Drosophila melanogaster were investigated using histological, behavioural and genetic techniques. All of these mutations result in Sightlessness, in a marked reduction in the ability of the flies to jump, and in the wings being held in abnormal positions. Mutations in each of the complementation groups have different effects on the morphology of the muscles. Two (flapwing, vertical wing) result in absence of most of the indirect flight muscle fibres, a third (upheld) is required for the gross organization of muscle structure, another (heldup) is involved in the maintenance of muscle structure once formed, and the fifth seems to be necessary for the detailed architecture of the muscle fibre (indented thorax). The analysis of flies genetically mosaic with respect to each mutation by the technique of fate-mapping suggests that three (heldup, upheld and indented thorax) of the genes concerned have their primary site of action in the musculature itself, while the other two(flapwing and vertical wing) may function primarily in the fat-body and tracheae respectively.

Screen for new mutations on the 2nd chromosome involved in indirect flight muscle development in Drosophila melanogaster

Genome ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajesh Babu ◽  
Nallur B. Ramachandra
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Flight Muscle ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Indirect Flight Muscle ◽  
Recessive Mutations ◽  
Complete Penetrance ◽  
Recessive Genes ◽  
Complementation Groups ◽  
Mutant Lines

An extensive ethylmethanesulfonate mutagenesis of Drosophila melanogaster was undertaken to isolate the stronger alleles of 3 indirect flight-muscle mutations. We isolated 17 strong mutant lines, with nearly complete penetrance and expressivity, using direct screening under polarized light, from more than 1700 mutagenized chromosomes. On complementation, we found 11 of these 17 mutant lines to be alleles of 3 indirect flight-muscle mutations (Ifm(2)RU1, 3 noncomplementing lines; ifm(2)RU2, 6 alleles; ifm(2)RU3, 2 alleles) of the previously isolated 8 complementation groups (Ifm(2)RU1to ifm(2)RU8). In addition, we found 6 new complementation groups with strong defects in adult-muscle morphology; we named these ifm(2)RS1 to ifm(2)RS6. All mutant lines were mapped by meiotic recombination, and 5 of the 6 new complementation lines were mapped using chromosome deficiencies. ifm(2)RS1 maps to a region that harbors ifm(2)RU4 (a mutation that was isolated previously); however, theses are not alleles because each complements the other mutation, and the mutant-muscle phenotype is very different. We used direct screening under polarized light to find recessive mutations; although this method was labor intensive, it can be used to identify recessive genes involved in myogenesis, unlike screens for flightlessness or wing-position defects. This screen identifies regions on the second chromosome that harbor probable genes that are likely expressed in the mesoderm and are thought to be involved in myogenesis. This screen has generated valuable resources that will help us to understand the role of many molecular players involved in myogenesis.

scholarly journals The Actin F352S Nemaline Myopathy Mutation Disrupts Indirect Flight Muscle Structure and Function in Drosophila

2016 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 128a
Author(s):  
Manuela Lavorato ◽  
William Schmidt ◽  
Meera C. Viswanathan ◽  
Julien Ochala ◽  
Clara Franzini-Armstrong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flight Muscle ◽  
Nemaline Myopathy ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Indirect Flight Muscle ◽  
Muscle Structure ◽  
And Function
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