scholarly journals Physical and Psychological Effects of Bariatric Surgery on Obese Adolescents: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cherie A. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Minimal Research ◽  
Term Data

The worldwide obesity crisis is not isolated to adults; rather, obesity in adolescents has reached epidemic levels as well. Bariatric surgery continues to be one of the most effective treatments for obesity, both in adults and adolescents, with new evidence continually emerging; however, research surrounding outcomes of these procedures in younger patients is limited in comparison with data available for adults. Further, it is important to examine psychological aspects of obesity in adolescents, as well as effects of surgery on mental health endpoints. Conditions such as anxiety, depression, anger, and disruptive behavior show increased prevalence among obese adolescents, but minimal research exists to examine changes in such conditions following bariatric surgery. Additionally, there is growing evidence of a bidirectional relationship between sleep (quality; disorders) and the development of obesity, and the effects of this relationship are particularly pronounced in the vulnerable adolescent population. This review aims to compile and discuss the results of literature within the last 5 years with regard to overall efficacy of bariatric surgery specifically in adolescent patients in terms of weight and body mass index (BMI) reduction, hormonal changes, and co-morbidity resolution, as well as data surrounding sleep and psychological outcomes. Race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status were also examined. From this review, we conclude that current research supports bariatric surgery in adolescents as an effective method of treatment for obesity and related co-morbidities; however, minimal long-term data exists to adequately assess efficacy and trends into adulthood. These areas are ripe for future study.

scholarly journals Update on Metabolic Bariatric Surgery for Morbidly Obese Adolescents

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 372
Author(s):  
Holger Till ◽  
Oliver Mann ◽  
Georg Singer ◽  
Susann Weihrauch-Blüher
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Controversial Issue ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Co Morbidity

Despite worldwide public attention and intense medical efforts, the prevalence of severe morbid obesity in children and adolescents is still rising. Similar to adults, excess adipose tissue triggers multiple immunological and metabolic pathways leading to serious co-morbidities such as impaired glucose tolerance or even type 2 diabetes (T2D), dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and hyperuricemia. The management of severe childhood obesity requires a life-long multidisciplinary approach with a combination of lifestyle changes, nutrition, and medications. Standardized life-style intervention programs remain the first-line treatment for morbid obese children and adolescents, but unfortunately reveal limited long-term success. In such cases, metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) has evolved from being a controversial issue to being included in distinct recommendations. According to the American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (ASMBS) Pediatric Committee, indications for bariatric surgery in adolescence must follow very strict criteria. Adolescents with class II obesity (BMI > 120% of the 95th percentile) and a diagnosed co-morbidity or with class III obesity (BMI ≥ 140% of the 95th percentile) should be considered for MBS. These interventions represent high-risk operations, and adolescents should be treated in specialized, multidisciplinary high-volume obesity centers with long-term follow-up programs. The Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) remains the gold standard of all malabsorptive procedures. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), which the authors pioneered as a stand-alone procedure in morbidly obese adolescents in 2008, has become the most commonly performed operation in morbidly obese adolescents at present. Recent literature proves that MBS is safe and effective in morbidly obese adolescents. Mid-term data have revealed significant improvement or even resolution of major co-morbidities. Thus, MBS for the treatment of morbidly obese adolescents has evolved from being a controversial issue to being included in distinct recommendations by several medical societies as a therapeutic strategy to reduce severe co-morbidities potentially causing end-organ damage in adulthood.

Bariatric surgery in morbidly obese adolescents: long-term follow-up

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (S1) ◽  
pp. 65-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt Widhalm ◽  
Maria Fritsch ◽  
Harald Widhalm ◽  
Gerd Silberhumer ◽  
Sabine Dietrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Current Opinions and Practices of Bariatric Surgery in Adolescents: A Survey among Pediatric Surgeons

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (01) ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
Yvonne G. M. Roebroek ◽  
Suzanne R. Pruijssers ◽  
Nicole D. Bouvy ◽  
Ernest L. W. E. van Heurn
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Health Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Bariatric Surgeon ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Severely Obese

Abstract Introduction Bariatric surgery is performed at increasing rate in severely obese adolescents who do not respond to conservative treatment. In the United States, this treatment is generally accepted, yet in Europe, surgeons are more reluctant because of concerns regarding safety and (long-term) efficacy. We evaluated in which (European) countries bariatric surgery is allowed and performed, and the opinion of the members of the European Paediatric Surgeons' Association (EUPSA) regarding bariatric surgery in adolescents. Materials and Methods Information was obtained with an online questionnaire sent to all EUPSA members. Results A total of 108 pediatric surgeons (PSs) from 33 countries (of which 25 European) completed the survey. Sixty-two PSs (57.4%) from 22 countries stated that bariatric surgery in adolescents was allowed in their country. In only 14 countries, the costs were (partially) covered by health care insurances. Overall, 65.7% of the surgeons (n = 71) believed bariatric surgery may offer a valuable contribution to obtain substantial long-term weight loss in severely obese adolescents. Fifty-one (47.2%) reported that these procedures should be performed by a combination of a bariatric and a PS, while 20 (18.5%) and 16 (14.8%) preferred that these procedures should be performed solely by a PS or bariatric surgeon, respectively. Conclusion Although allowed in most European countries, bariatric surgery in adolescents is only practiced on a small scale, and the treatment is often excluded from regular health care reimbursement. The majority of PSs acknowledge the value of bariatric surgery, which should be performed by a combination of PS and bariatric surgeon.

scholarly journals Short- and long-term safety and efficacy of bariatric surgery for severely obese adolescents: a narrative review

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren A. Sarno ◽  
Steven E. Lipshultz ◽  
Carroll Harmon ◽  
Nestor F. De La Cruz-Munoz ◽  
Preetha L. Balakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Severely Obese ◽  
Short And Long Term

scholarly journals The metabolic benefits of different bariatric operations: what procedure to choose?

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. R28-R35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Sudlow ◽  
Carel W le Roux ◽  
Dimitri J Pournaras
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Treatment Algorithm ◽  
Metabolic Complications ◽  
Single Procedure ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Shed Light

Bariatric surgery is established as a highly effective treatment for obesity and related metabolic complications. Although once seen as a last resort for patients with obesity, given the data demonstrating the profound weight loss, improvement in comorbidity and safety, perceptions have since shifted. There is evidence from 12 RCTs demonstrating its safety and efficacy in terms of weight loss which is sustained in the long term with a resultant improvement in co-morbidity. Clinicians are increasingly recognising the importance of timely intervention to maximise the effects of bariatric surgery, particularly in light of the low likelihood of being able to adequately manage patients with medication or lifestyle interventions alone. The inclusion of bariatric surgery in the standard treatment algorithm has been a step forward in the approach to treating patients with obesity. What remains challenging for clinicians is knowing which procedure is most beneficial to patients. There is no level one data demonstrating the superiority of one procedure over another. Head to head RCTs are ongoing which may shed light on this question; however, it is likely that there is no single procedure that will be demonstrated to be the gold standard. Herein we review the most commonly performed procedures along with the evidence available to support their effects with regards to weight loss and metabolic changes along with their limitations and recognised risks. The aim is to provide a general framework to allow clinicians to take advantage of the variety of operative approaches to tailor their treatment strategy to the individual patient.

Long-Term Outcome of Bariatric Surgery in Morbidly Obese Adolescents: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 950 Patients with a Minimum of 3 years Follow-Up

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 3110-3117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Shoar ◽  
Habibollah Mahmoudzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Naderan ◽  
Shahram Bagheri-Hariri ◽  
Catherine Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Obese Adolescents

Abstract #240 Weight Loss Trajectory Following Randomization to Bariatric Surgery on Long-Term Diabetes Outcomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Keren Zhou ◽  
Kathy Wolski ◽  
Ali Aminian ◽  
Steven Malin ◽  
Philip Schauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Diabetes Outcomes ◽  
Trajectory Following
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