scholarly journals Clinical Relevance of Vitamins and Carotenoids With Liver Steatosis and Fibrosis Detected by Transient Elastography in Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Liu ◽  
Hong Shen ◽  
Mingfeng Chen ◽  
Jun Shao
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Transient Elastography ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Β Carotene

Background: Vitamins and carotenoids may be involved in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Previously related publications mainly focused on vitamin D and vitamin E, and studies on other vitamins and carotenoids and NAFLD are scarce.Methods: This study aimed to explore the clinical relevance of vitamin A, B vitamins (vitamin B1, vitamin B2, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, and choline), vitamin C and carotenoids (α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein + zeaxanthin) with liver steatosis and fibrosis in the 2017–2018 NHANES (N = 4,352). Liver steatosis and fibrosis were detected by transient elastography. Logistic regression, linear regression and restricted cubic splines were adopted to explore the non-linear dose-response relationships.Results: Higher intakes of vitamin C [0.68 (0.50–0.93)] and β-carotene [0.71 (0.54–0.93)] were inversely associated with liver steatosis. Higher levels of serum vitamin C [0.45 (0.32–0.62)] were inversely associated with liver fibrosis, while higher intakes of choline [1.43 (1.04–1.98)] and α-carotene [1.67 (1.01–2.74)] were positively associated with liver fibrosis. In addition, marginally inverse association between lutein + zeaxanthin and liver steatosis and positive association between vitamin B12 and liver fibrosis were found. In linear regression, the above-mentioned associations between vitamin C, β-carotene, and lutein + zeaxanthin and liver steatosis, and serum vitamin C, choline, α-carotene, and vitamin B12 and liver fibrosis were also found. The above-mentioned associations were mainly linear, while the relationship between β-carotene and liver steatosis might be non-linear.Conclusion: Vitamin C, α-carotene, β-carotene, lutein + zeaxanthin, choline and vitamin B12 may be associated with liver steatosis and fibrosis.

scholarly journals Clinical relevance of low serum vitamin B12 concentrations in older people: the Banbury B12 study

2006 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Hin ◽  
Robert Clarke ◽  
Paul Sherliker ◽  
Wale Atoyebi ◽  
Kathleen Emmens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Low Serum

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective effect of tumour necrosis factor α blockade in psoriatic arthritis: a cross-sectional study

2009 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1148-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Seitz ◽  
Stephan Reichenbach ◽  
Burkhard Möller ◽  
Marcel Zwahlen ◽  
Peter M Villiger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Tumour Necrosis Factor ◽  
Tumour Necrosis ◽  
Transient Elastography ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Tumour Necrosis Factor Α ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Necrosis Factor

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) blockers on the presence of liver fibrosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) treated with methotrexate (MTX).MethodsParticipants were consecutive patients with RA and PsA who had undergone MTX treatment for at least 1 year ± TNF blockade for over 6 months. Liver fibrosis was assessed using non-invasive transient elastography (FibroScan). Regression models were used to compare FibroScan values of patients with RA and patients with PsA receiving TNFα blockers with those who were not.ResultsFibroScan assessments were performed on 51 patients with RA and 43 patients with PsA. Compared to patients with RA, those with PsA were predominantly young men, received lower cumulative dosages of MTX and exhibited a higher incidence of liver steatosis and hyperlipidaemia. An abnormal result was observed in 7.1% of the anti-TNFα-naïve and in 13% of the anti-TNFα-treated patients in the RA group and in 30% of the anti-TNFα-naïve and 4.3% of the anti-TNFα-treated patients in the PsA group (OR=0.11, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.98). Results of the PsA group were robust when adjusted for baseline characteristics.ConclusionThe results suggest a protective effect of TNFα inhibitors against the development of liver fibrosis in patients with PsA.

scholarly journals Liver and Nonliver-Related Outcomes at 2 Years Are Not Influenced by the Results of the FIB-4 Test and Liver Elastography in a Real-Life Cohort of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ivica Grgurevic ◽  
Nermin Salkic ◽  
Sanda Mustapic ◽  
Tomislav Bokun ◽  
Kristian Podrug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Transient Elastography ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Liver Stiffness ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Advanced Fibrosis

Aims. To investigate morbidity and mortality in a real-life cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in relation to prevalence and severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods. Patients with T2D were referred for assessment of liver fibrosis by the FIB-4 test and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE). Liver steatosis was quantified by the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP). These patients were followed until death or censored date. Results. Among 454 patients (52% males, mean age 62.5 years, BMI 30.9 kg/m2), 82.6% was overweight, 77.8% had fatty liver, and 9.9% and 3.1% had LSM and FIB-4 values suggestive of advanced fibrosis, respectively. During the follow-up period of median 2 years, 106 (23%) patients experienced adverse event (11% cardiovascular) and 17 (3.7%) died, whereas no liver-related morbidity or mortality was observed. Independent predictors of adverse outcomes were age and higher platelet count, while FIB-4, LSM, and CAP were not. Conclusion. In a cohort of T2D patients, no liver-related morbidity or mortality occurred during 2 years. Our patients probably have low real prevalence of advanced fibrosis which is likely overestimated by LSM ≥ 9.6 kPa. Liver fibrosis may be safely reassessed in the 2 years interval in noncirrhotic patients with T2D.

scholarly journals Assessment of Vitamin C and Antioxidant Profiles in Saliva and Serum in Patients with Periodontitis and Ischemic Heart Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaetano Isola ◽  
Alessandro Polizzi ◽  
Simone Muraglie ◽  
Rosalia Leonardi ◽  
Antonino Lo Giudice
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Multivariate Model ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Gingival Health ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Β Carotene

Vitamin C and antioxidants play a crucial role in endothelial function and may be a link for the known interaction of periodontitis and ischemic heart disease (CAD). This pilot study evaluates the association of gingival health, periodontitis, CAD, or both conditions with salivary and serum vitamin C and antioxidant levels. The clinical and periodontal characteristics, serum, and saliva samples were collected from 36 patients with periodontitis, 35 patients with CAD, 36 patients with periodontitis plus CAD, and 36 healthy controls. Levels of vitamin C, antioxidants, and C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were assessed with a commercially available kit. The median concentrations of salivary and serum vitamin C and antioxidants (α-tocopherol, β-carotene, lutein, and lycopene) were significantly lower in the CAD group (p < 0.001) and in the periodontitis plus CAD group (p < 0.001) compared to periodontitis patients and controls. In univariate models, periodontitis (p = 0.034), CAD (p < 0.001), and hs-CRP (p < 0.001) were significantly negatively associated with serum vitamin C; whereas, in a multivariate model, only hs-CRP remained a significant predictor of serum vitamin C (p < 0.001). In a multivariate model, the significant predictors of salivary vitamin C levels were triglycerides (p = 0.028) and hs-CRP (p < 0.001). Patients with CAD and periodontitis plus CAD presented lower levels of salivary and serum vitamin C compared to healthy subjects and periodontitis patients. hs-CRP was a significant predictor of decreased salivary and serum vitamin C levels.

NAFLD and liver fibrosis are not associated with reduced femoral bone mineral density in the general US population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Ciardullo ◽  
Emanuele Muraca ◽  
Francesca Zerbini ◽  
Giuseppina Manzoni ◽  
Gianluca Perseghin
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Transient Elastography ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Liver Stiffness ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Femoral Bone Mineral Density

Abstract Context It is still debated whether nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) may be a risk factor for reduced bone mineral density (BMD), and it is not known whether liver fibrosis, which is the major predictor of future development of liver-related events in patients with NAFLD, has an influence on BMD. Objective To assess whether liver steatosis and fibrosis are associated with reduced BMD in the general US population. Design Cross-sectional analysis of the population-based 2017-2018 cycle of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), in which vibration controlled transient elastography (VCTE) and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of the femoral neck were simultaneously available. Controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) ≥ 274 dB/m was considered indicative of liver steatosis, while a median liver stiffness measurement (LSM) ≥ 8 kPa indicated the presence of significant liver fibrosis. Patients We included all participants older than 50 with reliable VCTE and femoral neck DXA results (925 men and 859 women). Main Outcomes Femoral neck BMD values indicative of osteopenia or osteoporosis. Results Steatosis and significant fibrosis were highly prevalent in the studied population, being present in 53.1% and 9.6%of men and 44.2% and 8.0% of women, respectively. In univariate analysis, liver steatosis was associated with a lower prevalence of osteoporosis in both men and women, while no difference was noted according to the degree of liver fibrosis. After adjustment for potential confounders including age, BMI, race-ethnicity, cigarette smoke and diabetes, neither CAP, nor LSM were significantly associated with reduced BMD in both sexes. Conclusions Liver steatosis and fibrosis are not associated with femoral DXA-based diagnosis of osteopenia or osteoporosis in the US population older than 50 years.

Describing Adequacy of Cure with Maximum Hardness Ratios and Non-linear Regression

10.2341/07-92 ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bouschlicher ◽  
K. Berning ◽  
F. Qian
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Accurate Description ◽  
Maximum Hardness ◽  
Curing Behavior ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Light Curing

Clinical Relevance Redefined hardness ratios, based on extended cure intervals and maximum hardness when used in conjunction with non-linear regression, provide a readily available and accurate characterization of the curing performance of LCU-composite combinations, which is superior to the use of traditional per-specimen hardness ratios. It is recommended that the light curing guidelines provided to clinicians should be based on this more accurate description of curing behavior.

Evaluation of serum vitamin C, β-carotene and α-tocopherol status in pneumonia of camels

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1081-1085
Author(s):  
Neveen A. Elnisr ◽  
Mahmoud R. Abd Ellah ◽  
Gaber F. Khamis
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Β Carotene

scholarly journals The effect of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet on body composition, complete blood count, prothrombin time, inflammation, and liver function in hemophilic adolescents

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Atena Mahdavi ◽  
Hamed Mohammadi ◽  
Mohammad Bagherniya ◽  
Sahar Foshati ◽  
Cain C. T. Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dash Diet

Abstract There is no dietary strategy that has yet been specifically advocated for hemophilia. Therefore, we sought to assess the effect of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet in adolescents with hemophilia. In this parallel trial, 40 male adolescents with hemophilia were dichotomized into the DASH group or control group for 10 weeks. The serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), complete blood count (CBC), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), waist circumference (WC), percentage of body fat, fat-free mass (FFM), and liver steatosis were measured at the beginning and end of the study. Serum vitamin C was measured as a biomarker of compliance with the DASH diet. The DASH diet was designed to include high amounts of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy products, as well as low amounts of saturated fats, cholesterol, refined grains, sweets and red meat. Serum vitamin C in the DASH group was significantly increased compared to the control (P=0.001). There was a significant reduction in WC (P=0.005), fat mass (P=0.006), hepatic fibrosis (P=0.02), and PTT (P=0.008) in the DASH group, compared with the control. However, there were no significant differences regarding other selected outcomes between groups. Patients in the DASH group had significantly greater increase in the levels of red blood cell, hemoglobin, and hematocrit, as compared to control. Adherence to the DASH diet in children with hemophilia yielded significant beneficial effects on body composition, complete blood count, inflammation, and liver function.

scholarly journals Serum antioxidant status and mortality from influenza and pneumonia in US adults

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Habyeong Kang ◽  
Howard Hu ◽  
Sung Kyun Park
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Influenza Infection ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Nhanes Iii ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
The Us ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Influenza Pneumonia ◽  
Β Carotene

Abstract Objective: We examined the association between serum antioxidant status and mortality from influenza and pneumonia in US adults. Design: Serum concentrations of antioxidants included vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin E, sum of α- and β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein+zeaxanthin, and lycopene. We computed total antioxidant capacity (TAC) as a measure of composite antioxidant status in serum. Survey-weighted Cox proportional hazard models were used to compute hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) comparing quartiles of each antioxidant and TAC. Setting: Data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)-III. Participants: A total of 7428 NHANES-III participants ≥45 years of age. Results: With a weighted-median follow-up of 16.8 years, 154 participants died from influenza/pneumonia. After adjustment for covariates, serum vitamin C, the sum of α- and β-carotene, and TAC were non-linearly associated with influenza/pneumonia mortality, with the statistically significant smallest HRs at the third quartile vs the first quartile [HRs=0.38 (95% CI: 0.19–0.77), 0.29 (0.16–0.51), and 0.30 (0.15–0.59), respectively]. HRs comparing the fourth vs the first quartiles were weaker and non-significant: 0.57 (95% CI: 0.27–1.17), 0.70 (0.41–1.19), and 0.65 (0.31–1.35), respectively. Serum lycopene had a monotonic association with influenza/pneumonia mortality [HR=0.43 (95% CI: 0.23–0.83) comparing the fourth vs the first quartile, P-for-trend=0.01]. Conclusions: The present study suggests that antioxidant intake as reflected by serum concentrations may reduce mortality risk from influenza or pneumonia in the US general population. These findings warrant further confirmation in other populations with different settings (e.g., a shorter-term association with influenza infection).

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