scholarly journals Rhythmic Calcium Events in the Lamina Propria Network of the Urinary Bladder of Rat Pups

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Heppner ◽  
Grant W. Hennig ◽  
Mark T. Nelson ◽  
Margaret A. Vizzard
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Rat Pups

scholarly journals The five primary prostaglandins stimulate contractions and phasic activity of the urinary bladder urothelium, lamina propria and detrusor

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zane Stromberga ◽  
Russ Chess-Williams ◽  
Christian Moro
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Contractile Activity ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Bladder Pain Syndrome ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction ◽  
Receptor System ◽  
Phasic Activity ◽  
Bladder Pain ◽  
Bladder Urothelium

Abstract Background: Inflammation is often associated with several bladder dysfunctions, including overactive bladder (OAB) and interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/PBS). As such, inflammation of the bladder and the actions of inflammatory mediators may contribute to the development of the urinary symptoms. This study assessed the actions of PGE 2 , PGF 2 , PGD 2 , TXA 2 , and PGI 2 on the urinary bladder urothelium with lamina propria (U&LP), as well as the detrusor smooth muscle.Methods: Studies were carried out using isolated tissue baths, where strips porcine bladder U&LP or detrusor were exposed to varying concentrations of prostaglandin agonists (1 µM and 10 µM).Results: All assessed prostaglandin agonists contracted both the U&LP and detrusor smooth muscle, with the rank order of contractile response effectiveness as: PGE 2 > PGF 2α > TXA 2 > PGD 2 > PGI 2 . In U&LP, treatment with PGE 2 (10 µM) increased tonic contractions by 1.36 ± 0.09 g (n = 42, p < 0.001) and phasic contractions by 40.4 ± 9.6% (n = 42, p < 0.001). In response to PGF 2α (10 µM), U&LP tonic contractions increased by 0.79 ± 0.06 g (n = 14, p < 0.001) and phasic activity by 13.3% ± 5.3% (n = 15, p < 0.05). In detrusor preparations, PGE 2 (10 µM) increased tonic contractions by 1.32 ± 0.13 g (n = 38, p < 0.001) and PGF 2α (10 µM) by 0.97 ± 0.14 g (n = 12, p < 0.001). Only 34% (n = 48) of all detrusor preparations exhibited spontaneous activity prior to the addition of any agonist at a frequency of 2.03 ± 0.12 cpm. In preparations that did not exhibit initial phasic activity, all of the prostaglandin agonists were capable of commencing phasic activity.Conclusions: The urinary bladder U&LP and detrusor respond to a variety of prostaglandin agonists, with their activation resulting in direct contractions, as well as increases to spontaneous contractile activity. This study presents the prostaglandin receptor system as a potential therapeutic target for lower urinary tract dysfunction.

The possible protective role of Vitamin C versus Mesna against effect of Cyclophosphamide on the Urinary Bladder of Adult Male Albino Rats (A Histological and Immunohistochemical Study)

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Walaa Adel Abd El Moez Ahmed ◽  
Seham Hassan Refaat ◽  
Hany Waheeb Abd El-Malak ◽  
Asmaa Ibrahim Ahmed ◽  
Ashraf Mohammed Mostafa Sadek
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group V ◽  
Minimal Improvement ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Recovery Group

Abstract Background Cyclophosphamide (CYP) is considered one of the most successful chemotherapeutic drugs involved in anticancer regimens. However, it has multiple side effects. Mesna has an antiinflammatory effect and usually used in the treatment of cystitis. Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin which has a potent anti –oxidant effect that might protect cells against the oxidative damage caused by cyclophosphamide. Aim of the study The aim of the present study was comparing between the possible protective effect of vitamin C versus mesna and their combined therapy against the histological and immunohistochemical changes induced by cyclophosphamide on the urinary bladder of adult male albino rats. Material and methods Thirty adult male albino rats were divided into 5 groups, 6 rats each; (control(?), CYP-treated group (Пa), recovery group(Пb), mesna-treated group(???), vitamin C- treated group(?V) and the combined group (V). Histological examination of the H&Eand toluidine blue stained sections was done by light microscopy to assess the changes in the architecture of the urinary bladder. Avidin Biotin staining was performed for demonstration of iNOS immunoreactivity and histomorphometric analysis was done. Results Examination of H&E stained sections of cyclophosphamide- treated group (Пa) showed variable degrees of urothelial affection. Wide areas of urothelial cell degeneration with evident basal cytoplasmic vacoulatins, surface erosions and sloughed urothelial debris. Other Areas showed surface ulceration, completely denuded urothelium or the presence of multiple cysts replacing the urothelium and resting on the basement membrane. Semithin sections showed that the cytoplasmic microvesicles of umbrella cells were hardly detected. The Avidin Bioton stained sections showed intense positive immune reaction to iNOS in all layers of the urothelium. Scanning electron microscopy showed loss of the normal polygonal shape of the superficial epithelial cells, erosions, or deep ulcerations. Moreover, examination of the lamina propria by light microscopy showed multiple mononuclear inflammatory cells were detected, mast cells were seen in the lamina propria and some of them were invading the basement membrane of the urothelium. Dilated blood vessels and wide areas of extravasted blood (hemorrhage) were also observed. In addition, multiple epithelial cell nests of irregular shapes and sizes were deeply located in the lamina propria and exhibited pale esinophilic colloid discharge in their lumen. Scanning electron microscopy showed dense deposition of collagen fibers in both superficial and deep fibers of the lamina propria. Minimal improvement was observed in the recovery group (subgroup Пb). Mild to moderate improvement of the previous findings of CYP treated group was observed with each of mesna and vitamin C. Combined treatment of CYP with both of mesna and vitamin C induced apparent restoration of almost of the normal architecture of the urinary bladder. Conclusion CYP consumption developed morphologic and morphometric changes in the urinary bladder. The recovery group showed minimal improvement of the bladder architecture and increasing the period of recovery might produce better results. Each of vitamin C and mesna- treated groups induced mild to moderate improvement on the bladder architecture but treatment with combination of both of them offered remarkable improvement. Combined mesna and vitamin C induced significant protection via their combined anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant proprieties.

scholarly journals Profiles of histopathological lesions of urinary bladder: A five years study

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 1001-1004
Author(s):  
EP Shrestha ◽  
K Karmacharya
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Radical Cystectomy ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Bladder Neoplasms ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Army Hospital ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions ◽  
Muscle Invasion

Background: Neoplastic and non-neoplastic urinary bladder lesions are the main reasons for morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Amongst these, urothelial carcinoma is a common primary tumor of urinary bladder (90%). The objective of this study is to determine the profile of various urothelial lesions received in Army Hospital within 5 years of period.Materials and methods: Five years retrospective study of cystoscopic biopsies and radical cystectomy specimens were carried out in Department of Pathology, Army hospital.Results: Out of 53 cystoscopic biopsies and radical cystectomy specimens, 42 were neoplastic and 11 were non neoplastic lesions. Thirty six urothelial carcinomas were observed out of which 20 were high grade urothelial carcinoma and 16 were low grade. Out of 20 high grade urothelial carcinoma, 17 had muscle invasion and 3 had invasion upto lamina propria. Of 16 low grade urothelial carcinoma, 12 were noninvasive, 2 had invasion upto lamina propria and 2 had muscle invasion. Papilloma was the commonest benign lesions found (7.1%) followed by papillary urothelial neoplasms of low malignant potential (PUNLMP) (2.4%) and hemangioma (2.4%).Conclusion: This article have highlighted upon the importance of histopathological study in evaluating urinary bladder lesions. Also, it has helped in determining that neoplastic lesions were more common than non-neoplastic lesions as seen in our study. A great majority of neoplastic lesions were of urothelial origin. Cystoscopic studies and biopsies help in early detection of bladder neoplasms and they form the mainstay of the diagnosis and follow up.

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