scholarly journals Changing Artificial Playback Speed and Real Movement Velocity Do Not Differentially Influence the Excitability of Primary Motor Cortex during Observation of a Repetitive Finger Movement

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takefumi Moriuchi ◽  
Daiki Matsuda ◽  
Jirou Nakamura ◽  
Takashi Matsuo ◽  
Akira Nakashima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Finger Movement ◽  
Movement Velocity ◽  
Real Movement

Functional Properties of Human Primary Motor Cortex Gamma Oscillations

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 2873-2885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suresh D. Muthukumaraswamy
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Gamma Oscillations ◽  
Finger Movement ◽  
Sensorimotor System ◽  
Repetitive Movement ◽  
Somatosensory Feedback ◽  
Muscle Shortening ◽  
Kinematic Properties

Gamma oscillations in human primary motor cortex (M1) have been described in human electrocorticographic and noninvasive magnetoencephalographic (MEG)/electroencephalographic recordings, yet their functional significance within the sensorimotor system remains unknown. In a set of four MEG experiments described here a number of properties of these oscillations are elucidated. First, gamma oscillations were reliably localized by MEG in M1 and reached peak amplitude 137 ms after electromyographic onset and were not affected by whether movements were cued or self-paced. Gamma oscillations were found to be stronger for larger movements but were absent during the sustained part of isometric movements, with no finger movement or muscle shortening. During repetitive movement sequences gamma oscillations were greater for the first movement of a sequence. Finally, gamma oscillations were absent during passive shortening of the finger compared with active contractions sharing similar kinematic properties demonstrating that M1 oscillations are not simply related to somatosensory feedback. This combined pattern of results is consistent with gamma oscillations playing a role in a relatively late stage of motor control, encoding information related to limb movement rather than to muscle contraction.

P687: Effects of goal-directed finger movement on intracortical inhibition circuits in the ipsilateral primary motor cortex

2014 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. S239-S240
Author(s):  
T. Matsumoto ◽  
H. Kirimoto ◽  
S. Miyaguchi ◽  
K. Sugawara ◽  
H. Tamaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Intracortical Inhibition ◽  
Finger Movement

Regulation of primary motor cortex excitability by repetitive passive finger movement frequency

Neuroscience ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 357 ◽  
pp. 232-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryoki Sasaki ◽  
Masaki Nakagawa ◽  
Shota Tsuiki ◽  
Shota Miyaguchi ◽  
Sho Kojima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Finger Movement ◽  
Motor Cortex Excitability ◽  
Movement Frequency

Both primary motor cortex and supplementary motor area play an important role in complex finger movement

Brain ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 116 (6) ◽  
pp. 1387-1398 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Shibasaki ◽  
N. Sadato ◽  
H. Lyshkow ◽  
Y. Yonekura ◽  
M. Honda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Supplementary Motor Area ◽  
Motor Area ◽  
Finger Movement

scholarly journals Motor cortex activation in hemiparetic stroke patients

Stroke ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 334-334
Author(s):  
Steven C Cramer ◽  
Keith C Stegbauer ◽  
Angela Mark ◽  
Robert Price ◽  
Kristin Barquist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Corticospinal Tract ◽  
Supplementary Motor Area ◽  
Index Finger ◽  
Motor Area ◽  
Finger Movement ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Paretic Limb ◽  
Hemiparetic Stroke

100 Little is known about the function of surviving motor cortex after hemiparetic stroke. Though the corticospinal tract may be damaged, function may persist via intact intracortical connections. We probed motor cortex function using paradigms unrelated to genesis of paretic limb movement. Seven patients with chronic post-stroke hemiparesis, including total hand plegia, were studied with functional MRI (fMRI). Brain activation was achieved by alternating between rest and one of several stimuli. For the plegic hand, stimuli were passive index finger movement, or viewing active movements; for the non-plegic hand, active or passive index finger movement. Brain activation maps (p<.001) were generated, after which anatomical landmarks were used to identify regions of interest within non-infarcted tissue. Tasks were rehearsed before fMRI, during which surface EMG leads were placed on 5 muscles in each arm. Patients were median 5 months post-stroke, median age 66 years. Median NIH stroke scale score was 9; Rankin, 3; and arm motor Fugl-Meyer score, 18 (normal=66); Motor Activity Log confirmed no plegic hand use. Studies with excess head movement were excluded, including all plegic hand tasks for 1 patient. Plegic hand tasks (10 studies across 6 patients) activated the stroke hemisphere in all patients, including primary motor cortex (5 patients), primary sensory cortex (5 patients), premotor cortex (4 patients), and supplementary motor area (3 patients). Non-stroke hemisphere was also activated, particularly primary motor cortex (5 patients). In a few instances, EMG disclosed paretic arm muscle activity, but this had no relationship to fMRI activation. Non-plegic hand tasks (9 studies across 7 patients) activated the stroke hemisphere ipsilaterally, including supplementary motor area in all 7 patients, and primary motor cortex in 6 patients. In patients with post-stroke hemiparesis, passive stimulation activates surviving motor cortex regions within the stroke-affected hemisphere. After corticospinal tract damage, motor cortex can still be activated during tasks unrelated to paretic limb movement. The results may suggest therapeutic avenues for improving motor function after stroke.

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