scholarly journals The mapping of eccentricity and meridional angle onto orthogonal axes in the primary visual cortex: an activity-dependent developmental model

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan T. Philips ◽  
V. Srinivasa Chakravarthy
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Primary Visual Cortex ◽  
Developmental Model ◽  
Activity Dependent

scholarly journals Retinal and Callosal Activity-Dependent Chandelier Cell Elimination Shapes Binocularity in Primary Visual Cortex

Neuron ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bor-Shuen Wang ◽  
Maria Sol Bernardez Sarria ◽  
Xu An ◽  
Miao He ◽  
Nazia M. Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Primary Visual Cortex ◽  
Chandelier Cell ◽  
Activity Dependent

scholarly journals Spontaneous retinal waves generate long-range horizontal connectivity in visual cortex

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinwoo Kim ◽  
Min Song ◽  
Se-Bum Paik
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Primary Visual Cortex ◽  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Developmental Model ◽  
List Type ◽  
Retinal Waves ◽  
Horizontal Connections ◽  
Eye Opening

AbstractIn the primary visual cortex (V1) of higher mammals, long-range horizontal connections (LHCs) are observed to develop, linking iso-orientation domains of cortical tuning. It is unknown how this feature-specific wiring of circuitry develops before eye opening. Here, we show that LHCs in V1 may originate from spatio-temporally structured feedforward activities generated from spontaneous retinal waves. Using model simulations based on the anatomy and observed activity patterns of the retina, we show that waves propagating in retinal mosaics can initialize the wiring of LHCs by co-activating neurons of similar tuning, whereas equivalent random activities cannot induce such organizations. Simulations showed that emerged LHCs can produce the patterned activities observed in V1, matching topography of the underlying orientation map. We also confirmed that the model can also reproduce orientation-specific microcircuits in salt-and-pepper organizations in rodents. Our results imply that early peripheral activities contribute significantly to cortical development of functional circuits.HighlightsDevelopmental model of long-range horizontal connections (LHCs) in V1 is simulatedSpontaneous retinal waves generate feature-specific wiring of LHCs in visual cortexEmerged LHCs induce orientation-matching patterns of spontaneous cortical activityRetinal waves induce orientation-specific microcircuits of visual cortex in rodentsSignificance statementLong-range horizontal connections (LHCs) in the primary visual cortex (V1) are observed to emerge before the onset of visual experience, selectively connecting iso-domains of orientation maps. However, it is unknown how such tuning-specific wirings develop before eye-opening. Here, we show that LHCs in V1 originate from the tuning-specific activation of cortical neurons by spontaneous retinal waves during early developmental stages. Our simulations of a visual cortex model show that feedforward activities from the retina initialize the spatial organization of activity patterns in V1, which induces visual feature-specific wirings of V1 neurons. Our model also explains the origin of cortical microcircuits observed in rodents, suggesting that the proposed developmental mechanism is applicable universally to circuits of various mammalian species.

scholarly journals Retinal and callosal activity-dependent chandelier cell elimination shapes binocularity in primary visual cortex

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bor-Shuen Wang ◽  
Maria Sol Bernardez Sarria ◽  
Miao He ◽  
Michael C Crair ◽  
Z. Josh Huang
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Primary Visual Cortex ◽  
Binocular Vision ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Inhibitory Neuron ◽  
Chandelier Cell ◽  
Eye Opening ◽  
Chandelier Cells ◽  
Activity Dependent ◽  
Callosal Pathway

AbstractIn mammalian primary visual cortex (V1), integration of the left and right visual scene into a binocular percept derives from convergent ipsi- and contralateral geniculocortical inputs and trans-callosal projections between the two hemispheres. However, the underlying developmental mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Using genetic methods in mice we found that during the days before eye-opening, retinal and callosal activity drives massive apoptosis of GABAergic chandelier cells (ChCs) in the binocular region of V1. Blockade of ChC elimination resulted in a contralateral-dominated V1 and deficient binocular vision. As activity patterns within and between retinas prior to vision convey organization of the visual field, their regulation of ChC density through the trans-callosal pathway may prime a nascent binocular territory for subsequent experience-driven tuning during the post-vision critical period.One Sentence SummaryPrior to eye opening the developing retina primes the visual cortex for binocular vision by adjusting the density of a cortical inhibitory neuron type.

scholarly journals Activity-dependent regulation of MHC class I expression in the developing primary visual cortex of the common marmoset monkey

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adema Ribic ◽  
Gabriele Flügge ◽  
Christina Schlumbohm ◽  
Kerstin Mätz-Rensing ◽  
Lutz Walter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Mhc Class I ◽  
Primary Visual Cortex ◽  
Common Marmoset ◽  
Class I ◽  
Marmoset Monkey ◽  
The Common ◽  
Activity Dependent

scholarly journals Retinal and Callosal Activity-Dependent Chandelier Cell Elimination Shapes Binocularity in Primary Visual Cortex

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bor-Shuen Wang ◽  
Maria Sol Bernardez Sarria ◽  
Miao He ◽  
Michael C. Crair ◽  
Z. Josh Huang
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Primary Visual Cortex ◽  
Chandelier Cell ◽  
Activity Dependent
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