scholarly journals A Genetic System for Methanocaldococcus jannaschii: An Evolutionary Deeply Rooted Hyperthermophilic Methanarchaeon

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Susanti ◽  
Mary C. Frazier ◽  
Biswarup Mukhopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Genetic System ◽  
Methanocaldococcus Jannaschii

Developing a Genetic System in Deinococcus radiodurans for Analyzing Mutations

Genetics ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 166 (2) ◽  
pp. 661-668
Author(s):  
Mandy Kim ◽  
Erika Wolff ◽  
Tiffany Huang ◽  
Lilit Garibyan ◽  
Ashlee M Earl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Deinococcus Radiodurans ◽  
Genetic System ◽  
Base Change ◽  
Base Substitution ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Induced Mutagenesis

Abstract We have applied a genetic system for analyzing mutations in Escherichia coli to Deinococcus radiodurans, an extremeophile with an astonishingly high resistance to UV- and ionizing-radiation-induced mutagenesis. Taking advantage of the conservation of the β-subunit of RNA polymerase among most prokaryotes, we derived again in D. radiodurans the rpoB/Rif r system that we developed in E. coli to monitor base substitutions, defining 33 base change substitutions at 22 different base pairs. We sequenced >250 mutations leading to Rif r in D. radiodurans derived spontaneously in wild-type and uvrD (mismatch-repair-deficient) backgrounds and after treatment with N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NTG) and 5-azacytidine (5AZ). The specificities of NTG and 5AZ in D. radiodurans are the same as those found for E. coli and other organisms. There are prominent base substitution hotspots in rpoB in both D. radiodurans and E. coli. In several cases these are at different points in each organism, even though the DNA sequences surrounding the hotspots and their corresponding sites are very similar in both D. radiodurans and E. coli. In one case the hotspots occur at the same site in both organisms.

scholarly journals Cofactors are Remnants of Life’s Origin and Early Evolution

2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron D. Goldman ◽  
Betul Kacar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Information ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Rna World ◽  
Genetic System ◽  
Early Evolution ◽  
Modern Biology ◽  
Iron Sulfur Cluster ◽  
Adenosyl Methionine ◽  
Precursor Rna

AbstractThe RNA World is one of the most widely accepted hypotheses explaining the origin of the genetic system used by all organisms today. It proposes that the tripartite system of DNA, RNA, and proteins was preceded by one consisting solely of RNA, which both stored genetic information and performed the molecular functions encoded by that genetic information. Current research into a potential RNA World revolves around the catalytic properties of RNA-based enzymes, or ribozymes. Well before the discovery of ribozymes, Harold White proposed that evidence for a precursor RNA world could be found within modern proteins in the form of coenzymes, the majority of which contain nucleobases or nucleoside moieties, such as Coenzyme A and S-adenosyl methionine, or are themselves nucleotides, such as ATP and NADH (a dinucleotide). These coenzymes, White suggested, had been the catalytic active sites of ancient ribozymes, which transitioned to their current forms after the surrounding ribozyme scaffolds had been replaced by protein apoenzymes during the evolution of translation. Since its proposal four decades ago, this groundbreaking hypothesis has garnered support from several different research disciplines and motivated similar hypotheses about other classes of cofactors, most notably iron-sulfur cluster cofactors as remnants of the geochemical setting of the origin of life. Evidence from prebiotic geochemistry, ribozyme biochemistry, and evolutionary biology, increasingly supports these hypotheses. Certain coenzymes and cofactors may bridge modern biology with the past and can thus provide insights into the elusive and poorly-recorded period of the origin and early evolution of life.

High Frequency Recombination During the Sexual Cycle of Dictyostelium discoideum

Genetics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 148 (4) ◽  
pp. 1829-1832 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Francis
Keyword(s):  
Dictyostelium Discoideum ◽  
Genetic Map ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Physical Map ◽  
Genetic System ◽  
Sexual Cycle ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Restriction Sites

Abstract Analysis of Dictyostelium development and cell biology has suffered from the lack of an ordinary genetic system whereby genes can be arranged in new combinations. Genetic exchange between two long ignored strains, A2Cycr and WS205 is here reexamined. Alleles which differ in size or restriction sites between these two strains were found for seven genes. Six of these are in two clusters on chromosome 2. Frequencies of recombinant progeny indicate that the genetic map of the two mating strains is colinear with the physical map recently worked out for the standard nonsexual strain, NC4. The rate of recombination is high, about 0.1% per kilobase in three different regions of chromosome 2. This value is comparable to rates found in yeast, and will permit fine dissection of the genome.

scholarly journals Genetic system inPseudomonas alcaligenesNCIB 9867

1993 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chit Laa Poh ◽  
Jill M.L. Tham
Keyword(s):  
Genetic System

A dominant lethal genetic system for autocidal control of the Mediterranean fruitfly

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Gong ◽  
Matthew J Epton ◽  
Guoliang Fu ◽  
Sarah Scaife ◽  
Alexandra Hiscox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic System ◽  
Dominant Lethal ◽  
Autocidal Control ◽  
The Mediterranean

scholarly journals The Cryo-EM structure of the CorA channel from Methanocaldococcus jannaschii in low magnesium conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 1848 (10) ◽  
pp. 2206-2215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Cleverley ◽  
James Kean ◽  
Chitra A. Shintre ◽  
Clair Baldock ◽  
Jeremy P. Derrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methanocaldococcus Jannaschii ◽  
Low Magnesium
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