scholarly journals Corrigendum: Altered Gut Microbiota and Compositional Changes in Firmicutes and Proteobacteria in Mexican Undernourished and Obese Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eder Orlando Méndez-Salazar ◽  
María Guadalupe Ortiz-López ◽  
María de los Ángeles Granados-Silvestre ◽  
Berenice Palacios-González ◽  
Marta Menjivar
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Compositional Changes

scholarly journals Altered Gut Microbiota and Compositional Changes in Firmicutes and Proteobacteria in Mexican Undernourished and Obese Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eder Orlando Méndez-Salazar ◽  
María Guadalupe Ortiz-López ◽  
María de los Ángeles Granados-Silvestre ◽  
Berenice Palacios-González ◽  
Marta Menjivar
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Compositional Changes

scholarly journals Lifestyle modifications result in alterations in the gut microbiota in obese children

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ky Young Cho
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fat Loss ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Firmicutes Phylum

Abstract Background The association between the gut microbiota and pediatric obesity was analyzed in a cross-sectional study. A prospective study of obese children was conducted to assess the gut microbial alterations after a weight change. We collected fecal samples from obese children before and after a 2-month weight reduction program that consisted of individual counseling for nutritional education and physical activity, and we performed 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing using an Illumina MiSeq platform. Results Thirty-six participants, aged 7 to 18 years, were classified into the fat loss (n = 17) and the fat gain (n = 19) groups according to the change in total body fat (%) after the intervention. The baseline analysis of the gut microbiota in the preintervention stages showed dysbiotic features of both groups compared with those of normal-weight children. In the fat loss group, significantly decreased proportions of Bacteroidetes phylum, Bacteroidia class, Bacteroidales order, Bacteroidaceae family, and Bacteroides genus, along with increased proportions of Firmicutes phylum, Clostridia class, and Clostridiales order, were observed after intervention. The microbial richness was significantly reduced, without a change in beta diversity in the fat loss group. The fat gain group showed significantly deceased proportions of Firmicutes phylum, Clostridia class, Clostridiales order, Lachnospiraceae family, and Eubacterium hallii group genus, without a change in diversity after the intervention. According to the functional metabolic analysis by the Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States 2, the “Nitrate Reduction VI” and “Aspartate Superpathway” pathways were predicted to increase significantly in the fat loss group. The cooccurring networks of genera were constructed and showed the different microbes that drove the changes between the pre- and postintervention stages in the fat loss and fat gain groups. Conclusions This study demonstrated that lifestyle modifications can impact the composition, richness, and predicted functional profiles of the gut microbiota in obese children after weight changes. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.govNCT03812497, registration date January 23, 2019, retrospectively registered.

scholarly journals The application of omics techniques to understand the role of the gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 175628481882225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan P. Segal ◽  
Benjamin H. Mullish ◽  
Mohammed Nabil Quraishi ◽  
Animesh Acharjee ◽  
Horace R. T. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systems Biology ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Compositional Changes

The aetiopathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) involves the complex interaction between a patient’s genetic predisposition, environment, gut microbiota and immune system. Currently, however, it is not known if the distinctive perturbations of the gut microbiota that appear to accompany both Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are the cause of, or the result of, the intestinal inflammation that characterizes IBD. With the utilization of novel systems biology technologies, we can now begin to understand not only details about compositional changes in the gut microbiota in IBD, but increasingly also the alterations in microbiota function that accompany these. Technologies such as metagenomics, metataxomics, metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics and metabonomics are therefore allowing us a deeper understanding of the role of the microbiota in IBD. Furthermore, the integration of these systems biology technologies through advancing computational and statistical techniques are beginning to understand the microbiome interactions that both contribute to health and diseased states in IBD. This review aims to explore how such systems biology technologies are advancing our understanding of the gut microbiota, and their potential role in delineating the aetiology, development and clinical care of IBD.

scholarly journals Compositional changes in human gut microbiota reveal a putative role of intestinal mycobiota in metabolic and biological decline during aging

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Mohammad Tahseen Al Bataineh ◽  
Ayman Alzaatreh ◽  
Rima Hajjo ◽  
Bayan Hassan Banimfreg ◽  
Nihar Ranjan Dash
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Shotgun Metagenomics ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Compositional Changes ◽  
Profiling Analysis

BACKGROUND: Age-related alterations in the composition and function of gut microbiota may influence human health and disease mechanisms. However, connections between compositional changes in gut bacterial and fungal communities, and their role in the aging process, remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: Compare the gut microbiota and mycobiota composition in different age groups and evaluate the functionality. METHODS: In this study, we performed 16S rRNA and ITS2 gene-based microbial profiling analysis and shotgun metagenomics using the NextSeq platform. RESULTS: We observed a shift in compositional changes of human gut microbiota with age. Older individuals revealed a significantly different gut microbiota profile compared to younger individuals. For example, gut microbiota composition of the older individuals showed increase in genera Bacteroides, Blautia, Ruminococcaceae, and Escherichia coli. Additionally, older individuals had significant reduction in fungi belonging to saccharomyces cerevisiae and candida albicans in comparison to their younger counterparts. Moreover, metagenomics functional profiling analysis using shotgun metagenomics sequencing data showed substantial differences in the enrichment of 48 pathways between the young and older age groups. Metabolic pathways such as amino acid biosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, cell structure biosynthesis and vitamin biosynthesis were declined in the older age group, in comparison with the younger individuals. CONCLUSIONS: The identified differences provide a new insight to enrich our understanding of age-related changes in gut microbiota, their metabolic capabilities, and potential impact on health and disease conditions.

scholarly journals Low-abundant bacteria drive compositional changes in the gut microbiota after dietary alteration

Microbiome ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacquelynn Benjamino ◽  
Stephen Lincoln ◽  
Ranjan Srivastava ◽  
Joerg Graf
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Compositional Changes

scholarly journals Gut microbiota structure differs between honeybees in winter and summer

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 801-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucie Kešnerová ◽  
Olivier Emery ◽  
Michaël Troilo ◽  
Joanito Liberti ◽  
Berra Erkosar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Low Complexity ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Bee Health ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Compositional Changes ◽  
Colony Survival ◽  
Future Work

AbstractAdult honeybees harbor a specialized gut microbiota of relatively low complexity. While seasonal differences in community composition have been reported, previous studies have focused on compositional changes rather than differences in absolute bacterial loads. Moreover, little is known about the gut microbiota of winter bees, which live much longer than bees during the foraging season, and which are critical for colony survival. We quantified seven core members of the bee gut microbiota in a single colony over 2 years and characterized the community composition in 14 colonies during summer and winter. Our data show that total bacterial loads substantially differ between foragers, nurses, and winter bees. Long-lived winter bees had the highest bacterial loads and the lowest community α-diversity, with a characteristic shift toward high levels of Bartonella and Commensalibacter, and a reduction of opportunistic colonizers. Using gnotobiotic bee experiments, we show that diet is a major contributor to the observed differences in bacterial loads. Overall, our study reveals that the gut microbiota of winter bees is remarkably different from foragers and nurses. Considering the importance of winter bees for colony survival, future work should focus on the role of the gut microbiota in winter bee health and disease.

scholarly journals Depletion of Blautia Species in the Microbiota of Obese Children Relates to Intestinal Inflammation and Metabolic Phenotype Worsening

mSystems ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Benítez-Páez ◽  
Eva M. Gómez del Pugar ◽  
Inmaculada López-Almela ◽  
Ángela Moya-Pérez ◽  
Pilar Codoñer-Franch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Metabolic Phenotype ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Metabolic Inflammation ◽  
New Findings

ABSTRACT Cross-sectional studies conducted with obese and control subjects have suggested associations between gut microbiota alterations and obesity, but the links with specific disease phenotypes and proofs of causality are still scarce. The present study aimed to profile the gut microbiota of lean and obese children with and without insulin resistance to characterize associations with specific obesity-related complications and understand the role played in metabolic inflammation. Through massive sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons and data analysis using a novel permutation approach, we have detected decreased incidence of Blautia species, especially Blautia luti and B. wexlerae, in the gut microbiota of obese children, which was even more pronounced in cases with both obesity and insulin resistance. There was also a parallel increase in proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines (gamma interferon [IFN-γ], tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α], and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 [MCP-1]) in feces of obese children compared to those of lean ones. B. luti and B. wexlerae were also shown to exert an anti-inflammatory effect in peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures in vitro, compared to non-obesity-associated species. We suggest that the depletion of B. luti and B. wexlerae species in the gut ecosystem may occur in cases of obesity and contribute to metabolic inflammation leading to insulin resistance. IMPORTANCE Child obesity constitutes a risk factor for developing insulin resistance which, if sustained, could lead to more severe conditions like type 2 diabetes (T2D) in adulthood. Our study identified previously unknown species whose depletion (Blautia luti and Blautia wexlerae) is associated with insulin resistance in obese individuals. Our results also indicate that these bacterial species might help to reduce inflammation causally linked to obesity-related complications. Childhood is considered a window of opportunity to tackle obesity. These new findings provide, therefore, valuable information for the future design of microbiota-based strategies for the early prevention of obesity-related complications.

scholarly journals Diminution of the gut resistome after a gut microbiota-targeted dietary intervention in obese children

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guojun Wu ◽  
Chenhong Zhang ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Feng Zhang ◽  
Ruirui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Obese Children

scholarly journals Effect of Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation on Microbiota in Obese ChiLdrEn: A Pilot Study. (The DAMOCLE Study)

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Matilde Amatruda ◽  
Sara Vizzuso ◽  
Valentina Fabiano ◽  
Elisa Borghi ◽  
Gian VIncenzo Zuccotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
R Ratio ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Abstract: Obesity is an inflammatory condition associated with metabolic alterations including insulin resistance. Recent researches suggested that gut microbiota plays a role in its pathogenesis. Obesity has been associated with lower bacterial diversity and higher Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (F/R ratio) compared to normal‐weight condition. The objective of our study was to determine the effect of 4 months algae DHA supplementation, combined with dietary and habits education, on gut microbiota composition and biochemical parameters of 12 caucasian obese children. Anthropometric measures, metabolic profile and gut microbiota analysis trough stool samples were assessed at baseline (t0), after 4 months DHA supplementation plus diet-lifestyle intervention (t1), and lastly after additional 4 months of dietary dietary-lifestyle intervention without DHA supplementation (t2). No significant improvement in dietary habits nor in metabolic profile was found after the intervention, while a significant lowering of F/R ratio was observed from t0 to t1 and even more evident at t2 control.

scholarly journals Changes in the gut microbiota during Asian particolored bat (Vespertilio sinensis) development

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9003
Author(s):  
Zhongwei Yin ◽  
Keping Sun ◽  
Aoqiang Li ◽  
Deyi Sun ◽  
Zhongle Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Redundancy Analysis ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Alpha And Beta Diversity ◽  
Compositional Changes ◽  
Gut Microbial Community ◽  
Host Development

Background The gut microbiota is closely linked to host development, diet and health and is influenced by both the host and the environment. Although many studies have focused on the dynamics of the gut microbiota during development in captive animals, few studies have focused on the dynamics of the gut microbiota during development in wild animals, especially for the order Chiroptera. Methods In this study, we characterized the gut microbiota of the wild Asian particolored bat (Vespertilio sinensis) from 1 day to 6 weeks after birth. We explored the changes in their gut microbial community compositions, examined possible influencing factors, and predicted the feeding transition period. Results The gut microbiota changed during the development of V. sinensis. The alpha diversity of the bats’ gut microbiota gradually increased but did not change significantly from the 1st day to the 4th week after birth; however, the alpha diversity decreased significantly in week 5, then stabilized. The beta diversity differed slightly in weeks 4–6. In week 4, the fecal samples showed the highest diversity in bacterial community composition. Thus, we predicted that the potential feeding transition period for V. sinensis may occur during week 4. Redundancy analysis showed that age and body mass index significantly affected the compositional changes of the gut microbiota in Asian particolored bats. Conclusion The gut microbiota changed during the development of V. sinensis. We suggest that changes in the alpha and beta diversity during week 4 after birth indicate a potential feeding transition, highlighting the importance of diet in the gut microbiota during the development of V. sinensis.

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