scholarly journals Variations of Soil Microbial Community Structures Beneath Broadleaved Forest Trees in Temperate and Subtropical Climate Zones

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sihang Yang ◽  
Yuguang Zhang ◽  
Jing Cong ◽  
Mengmeng Wang ◽  
Mengxin Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Subtropical Climate ◽  
Forest Trees ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Climate Zones ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Microbial Community Structures

Long-term use of green manure legume and chemical fertiliser affect soil bacterial community structures but not the rate of soil nitrate decrease when excess carbon and nitrogen are applied

Soil Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Misato Toda ◽  
Yoshitaka Uchida
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Hairy Vetch ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Microbial Community Structures ◽  
Chemical Fertiliser

Legumes add not only nitrogen (N), but also carbon (C) to soils, so their effects on the soil microbial community may be different from those of chemical fertiliser. Soil microbes often compete with plants for N when excess C is applied due to their increased N immobilisation potentials and denitrification. In the present study we evaluated the effects of the 9-year use of a green manure legume (hairy vetch; Vicia villosa) in a greenhouse tomato system on soil microbial community structures as well as on the decrease of nitrate when rice straw was incorporated into the soil. Soil microbial community structures and their diversity were altered by the long-term use of legumes. The ratios of Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes and Proteobacteria increased in the hairy vetch soils. The rates of decrease in nitrate were similar in soils with a history of chemical fertiliser and hairy vetch, following the addition of rice straw. In addition, during incubation with added rice straw, the difference between the two soil microbial community structures became less clear within 2 weeks. Thus, we conclude that even though growing a green manure legume changed soil bacterial community structures, this did not result in relatively faster loss of available N for plants when rice straw was added to the soils.

scholarly journals Biochar and compost effects on soil microbial communities and nitrogen induced respiration in turfgrass soils

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0242209
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azeem ◽  
Lauren Hale ◽  
Jonathan Montgomery ◽  
David Crowley ◽  
Milton E. McGiffen
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Amended Soils ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Compost Amendment ◽  
Microbial Community Structures

We examined the effect of a labile soil amendment, compost, and recalcitrant biochar on soil microbial community structure, diversity, and activity during turfgrass establishment. Two application rates of biochar (B1 at 12.5 t ha-1and B2 at 25 t ha-1), a 5 centimeter (cm) green waste compost treatment (CM) in top soil, a treatment with 12.5 t ha-1 biochar and 5 cm compost (B1+CM), and an unamended control (CK) treatment were prepared and seeded with tall fescue. Overall, results of phospholipid fatty acid analysis (PLFA) profiling and Illumina high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes amplified from soil DNA revealed significant shifts in microbial community structures in the compost amended soils whereas in biochar amended soils communities were more similar to the control, unamended soil. Similarly, increases in enzymatic rates (6–56%) and nitrogen-induced respiration (94%) were all largest in compost amended soils, with biochar amended soils exhibiting similar patterns to the control soils. Both biochar and compost amendments impacted microbial community structures and functions, but compost amendment, whether applied alone or co-applied with biochar, exhibited the strongest shifts in the microbial community metrics examined. Our results suggest application of compost to soils in need of microbiome change (reclamation projects) or biochar when the microbiome is functioning and long-term goals such as carbon sequestration are more desirable.

scholarly journals Changes in Soil Microbial Community Structure Following Different Tree Species Functional Traits Afforestation

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1018
Author(s):  
Yang Gao ◽  
Xiuwei Wang ◽  
Zijun Mao ◽  
Liu Yang ◽  
Zhiyan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Functional Traits ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Microbial Community Structures

The soil microbial community structure is critical to the cycling of carbon and nitrogen in forest soils. As afforestation practices increasingly promote different functional traits of tree species, it has become critical to understand how they influence soil microbial community structures, which directly influence soil biogeochemical processes. We used fungi ITS and bacteria 16S rDNA to investigate soil microbial community structures in three monoculture plantations consisting of a non-native evergreen conifer (Pinus sibirica), a native deciduous conifer (Larix gmelinii), and a native deciduous angiosperm (Betula platyphylla) and compared them with two 1:1 mixed-species plantations (P. sibirica and L. gmelinii, P. sibirica and B. platyphylla). The fungal community structure of the conifer–angiosperm mixed plantation was similar to that of the non-native evergreen conifer, and the bacterial community structure was similar to that of the angiosperm monoculture plantation. Fungal communities were strongly related to tree species, but bacterial communities were strongly related to soil nitrogen. The co-occurrence networks were more robust in the mixed plantations, and the microbial structures associated with soil carbon and nitrogen were significantly increased. Our results provide a comparative study of the soil microbial ecology in response to afforestation of species with different functional traits and enhance the understanding of factors controlling the soil microbial community structure.

scholarly journals Responses of CO2 Emissions and Soil Microbial Community Structures to Organic Amendment in Two Contrasting Soils in Zambia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toru Hamamoto ◽  
Nhamo Nhamo ◽  
David Chikoye ◽  
Ikabongo Mukumbuta ◽  
Yoshitaka Uchida
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Soil Microbial

Abstract In sub-Saharan Africa, efforts have been made to increase soil carbon (C) content in agricultural ecosystems, due to severe soil degradation. The use of organic materials is one of the realistic methods to recover soil C. However, the impacts of organic amendments on soil microbial community and C cycles under limited soil C conditions are still unknown. We conducted field experiments using organic amendments in two sites with contrasting C content in Zambia. At both sites, temporal changes of soil carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, bacterial and archaeal community structures were monitored during crop growing season (126 days). The organic amendments increased CO2 emissions with increased bacterial and archaeal abundance in the Kabwe site, while no impacts were shown in the Lusaka site. We also observed larger temporal variability in soil microbial community structure in Kabwe than in Lusaka. These contrasting results between the two soils might be due to the gap in microbial community stability. However, organic amendments have a significant potential to enhance microbial abundance and consequently sequester soil C in the Kabwe site. Site-specific strategies are needed to deal with the issues of soil C depletion in drylands.

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