scholarly journals Overcoming the Barrier of Low Efficiency during Genetic Transformation of Streptococcus mitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 07 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Salvadori ◽  
Roger Junges ◽  
Donald A. Morrison ◽  
Fernanda C. Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Streptococcus Mitis ◽  
Low Efficiency

Genetic transformation of Chainia and heat attenuation of its restriction system

1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 713-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay M. Chauthaiwale ◽  
Pranav R. Vyas ◽  
Vasanti V. Deshpande
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Broad Host Range ◽  
Transformation System ◽  
Restriction System ◽  
Plasmid Replicon ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
The Many ◽  
Restriction Modification

A PEG-mediated transformation system for Chainia (NCL 82-5-1) was develolped using a broad host range Streptomyces vector, pIJ702. Protoplasts prepared from Chainia (NCL 82-5-1) were regenerated with 5% efficiency. Transformation of the protoplasts with pIJ702 gave 10–20 transformants/μg DNA. The low efficiency of transformation is attributed to a restriction system in Chainia; this could be inhibited by treating the protoplasts at 42 °C for 10 min just before transformation. The yield of transformants increased 100-fold when pIJ702 was modified by passage in Chainia. Because the plasmid replicon was functional in Chainia and the modified plasmid was stably maintained, the transformation system should be useful for self-cloning in Chainia NCL 82-5-1 of the many commercially important enzymes this strain is known to produce. Key words: Chainia, transformation, Streptomyces, pIJ702 restriction modification, heat attenuation.

scholarly journals A cucumber green mottle mosaic virus vector for virus-induced gene silencing in cucurbit plants

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Liu ◽  
Zhiling Liang ◽  
Miguel A. Aranda ◽  
Ni Hong ◽  
Liming Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Gene Function ◽  
Nicotiana Benthamiana ◽  
Phytoene Desaturase ◽  
Virus Induced Gene Silencing ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Low Efficiency

AbstractCucurbits produce fruits or vegetables that have great dietary importance and economic significance worldwide. The published genomes of at least 11 cucurbit species are boosting gene mining and novel breeding strategies, however genetic transformation in cucurbits is impractical as a tool for gene function validation due to low transformation efficiencies. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a potential alternative tool. So far, very few ideal VIGS vectors are available for cucurbits. Here, we describe a new VIGS vector derived from cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV), a monopartite virus that infects cucurbits naturally. We show that the CGMMV vector is competent to induce efficient silencing of the phytoene desaturase (PDS) gene in the model plant Nicotiana benthamiana and in cucurbits, including watermelon, melon, cucumber and bottle gourd. Infection with the CGMMV vector harboring PDS sequences of 69-300 bp in length in the form of sense-oriented or hairpin cDNAs resulted in photobleaching phenotypes in N. benthamiana and cucurbits by PDS silencing. Additional results reflect that silencing of the PDS gene could persist for over two months and the silencing effect of CGMMV-based vectors could be passaged. These results demonstrate that CGMMV vector could serve as a powerful and easy-to-use tool for characterizing gene function in cucurbits.One sentence summaryA CGMMV-based vector enables gene function studies in cucurbits, an extremely low efficiency species for genetic transformation.

Streptococci deficient in genetic transformation

1971 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 1251-1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pakula ◽  
L. R. Spencer ◽  
P. A. Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Dna Uptake ◽  
Low Efficiency

Three strains of group H streptococci have been found to produce competence factors (CF's) similar to that synthesized by the highly transformable strain Challis. All these factors efficiently converted to competency for DNA uptake the spontaneously nontransformable strain Wicky. Two of the three strains could be transformed to drug resistance with an extremely low efficiency and one strain was nontransformable. When the bacteria were exposed to tritium-labeled DNA, it was found that a viable unit of the three strains contained about 10 times less radioactivity than a viable unit of Challis and Wicky in the competent state. The probability that CF may not be the only factor required for DNA uptake is discussed.

scholarly journals Electroporation-mediated genetic transformation of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Darmawan ◽  
Ni Made Armini Wiendi ◽  
Condro Utomo ◽  
Tony Liwang
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Protein Activity ◽  
Novel Traits ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Transformation Methods

Abstract. Darmawan C, Wiendi NMA, Utomo C, Liwang T. 2020. Electroporation-mediated genetic transformation of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis). Biodiversitas 21: 3720-3726. Novel traits introduction to existing varieties may shorten the duration of oil palm genetic improvement. This approach heavily relies on efficient plant transformation and regeneration methods. Commonly used methods such as biolistic and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation still generated low efficiency for oil palm. Therefore, it is important to find alternative transformation methods that have the potency to give better results. Electroporation is usually used for delivering genes into bacteria or plant protoplast where cell wall does not exist, however, in this research, it was used to deliver plasmid into plant tissues. The aim of this research is to establish an optimum electroporation protocol for delivering genes into oil palm calli. Electric field strength of 250, 500, 750, 1,000, and 1,250 V/cm were applied for oil palm calli electroporation. Transient GUS assay was not applicable for initial detection presumably due to oil palm endogenous GUS-like protein activity after electroporation. Delivered gene could be detected in survived calli from all tested electric field strength treatments and the highest calli growth rates were observed from 250 V/cm electroporation treatment. Overall results showed that electroporation could be used to deliver specific genes into oil palm calli and might be developed further to increase its efficiency.

scholarly journals Genetic Transformation in Peach (Prunus persica L.): Challenges and Ways Forward

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 971
Author(s):  
Angela Ricci ◽  
Silvia Sabbadini ◽  
Humberto Prieto ◽  
Isabel MG Padilla ◽  
Chris Dardick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Genetic System ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Transformation System ◽  
General Applicability ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Peach Breeding ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
High Quality Genome

Almost 30 years have passed since the first publication reporting regeneration of transformed peach plants. Nevertheless, the general applicability of genetic transformation of this species has not yet been established. Many strategies have been tested in order to obtain an efficient peach transformation system. Despite the amount of time and the efforts invested, the lack of success has significantly limited the utility of peach as a model genetic system for trees, despite its relatively short generation time; small, high-quality genome; and well-studied genetic resources. Additionally, the absence of efficient genetic transformation protocols precludes the application of many biotechnological tools in peach breeding programs. In this review, we provide an overview of research on regeneration and genetic transformation in this species and summarize novel strategies and procedures aimed at producing transgenic peaches. Promising future approaches to develop a robust peach transformation system are discussed, focusing on the main bottlenecks to success including the low efficiency of A. tumefaciens-mediated transformation, the low level of correspondence between cells competent for transformation and those that have regenerative competence, and the high rate of chimerism in the few shoots that are produced following transformation.

Stable genetic transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana by Agrobacterium inoculation in planta

1994 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seok So Chang ◽  
Soon Ki Park ◽  
Byung Chul Kim ◽  
Bong Joong Kang ◽  
Dal Ung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
In Planta

Genetic transformation of Ginkgo biloba by Agrobacterium tumefaciens

2000 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-419
Author(s):  
Patricia Dupré ◽  
Jerôme Lacoux ◽  
Godfrey Neutelings ◽  
Dominique Mattar-Laurain ◽  
Marc-André Fliniaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba

Innovative electrotechnological systems to provide the temperature modes of technological pipelines

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Konesev ◽  
P. A. Khlyupin
Keyword(s):  
Induction Heating ◽  
Thermal Exposure ◽  
Heating System ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Fluid Properties ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Extreme North ◽  
Induction Heating System

Introduction: the systems of thermal effects on thermo-dependent, viscous and highly viscous liquids under conditions of the Arctic and the Extreme North are considered. Low efficiency and danger of heating systems based on burned hydrocarbons, heated liquids and steam are shown. Electrothermal heating systems used to maintain thermo-dependent fluids in a fluid state are considered. The evaluation of the effectiveness of the application of the most common electrothermal system — heating cables (tapes). The most effective electrothermal system based on induction technologies has been determined. Materials and methods: considered methods of thermal exposure to maintain the fluid properties of thermo-dependent fluids at low extreme temperatures. Results: presents an induction heating system and options for its implementation in the Extreme North and the Arctic. Conclusions: induction heating system to minimize loss of product quality, improve the system performance under changing process conditions, eliminate fire product, to reduce the influence of the human factor.

Opportunities for accelerating labor productivity growth: The role of small and medium enterprises

2020 ◽  
pp. 98-114
Author(s):  
Evguenia V. Bessonova ◽  
Alexander G. Morozov ◽  
Natalia A. Turdyeva ◽  
Anna N. Tsvetkova
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Business Climate ◽  
Labor Productivity Growth ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Medium Firms

The paper considers necessary conditions for acceleration of labor productivity growth in Russia. Based on micro data, as well as aggregate data, the paper quantifies the contribution of small and medium firms to labor productivity growth. It shows that mere increase of the number of small and medium enterprises is not as important for positive effects of these programs, as qualitative improvements: development of favorable environment for growth, which is largely determined by business climate. Accelerating productivity growth involves redistribution of labor and capital from inefficient to efficient enterprises. In particular, it is necessary to create conditions, which allow a firm to grow after it enters the market instead of stagnating as a small firm with low efficiency. At the same time, it is necessary for ineffective firms, which exhausted their growth potential, to have an opportunity to exit the market easily leaving resources including labor to fast-growing companies.

ANALYSIS OF COMPETING VARIANTS OF AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS WITHOUT AIR EXTRACTION FROM ENGINES AT THE STAGE OF PASSENGER AIRCRAFT ONBOARD SYSTEMS CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
Denis Igorevich Smagin ◽  
Konstantin Igorevich Starostin ◽  
Roman Sergeevich Savelyev ◽  
Anatoly Anatolyevich Satin ◽  
Anastasiya Romanovna Neveshkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Research University ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Moscow Aviation Institute ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

One of the ways to achieve safety and comfort is to improve on-board air conditioning systems.The use of air cooling machine determines the air pressure high level at the point of selection from the aircraft engine compressor. Because of the aircraft operation in different modes and especially in the modes of small gas engines, deliberately high stages of selection have to be used for ensuring proper operation of the refrigeration machine in the modes of the aircraft small gas engines. Into force of this, most modes of aircraft operation have to throttle the pressure of the selected stage of selection, which, together with the low efficiency of the air cycle cooling system, makes the currently used air conditioning systems energy inefficient.A key feature of the architecture without air extraction from the main engines compressors is the use of electric drive compressors as a source of compressed air.A comparative analysis of competing variants of on-board air conditioning system without air extraction from engines for longrange aircraft projects was performed at the Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University).The article deals with the main approaches to the decision-making process on the appearance of a promising aircraft on-board air conditioning system at the stage of its conceptual design and formulated the basic requirements for the structure of a complex criterion at different life cycle stages.The level of technical and technological risk, together with a larger installation weight, will require significant costs for development, testing, debugging and subsequent implementation, but at the same time on-board air conditioning system scheme without air extraction from the engines will achieve a significant increase in fuel efficiency at the level of the entire aircraft.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document