scholarly journals Genome-Wide Sequence Variation among Mycobacterium avium Subspecies paratuberculosis Isolates: A Better Understanding of Johne?s Disease Transmission Dynamics

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Yi Hsu ◽  
Chia-Wei Wu ◽  
Adel M. Talaat
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Sequence Variation ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis ◽  
Transmission Dynamics ◽  
Genome Wide

Simulating disease transmission dynamics at a multi-scale level

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moshe B Hoshen ◽  
Anthony H Burton ◽  
Themis J V Bowcock
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Transmission Dynamics ◽  
Scale Level ◽  
Multi Scale

scholarly journals Detection of Mycobacterium avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis in Pooled Fecal Samples by Fecal Culture and Real-Time PCR in Relation to Bacterial Density

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1605
Author(s):  
Annika Wichert ◽  
Esra Einax ◽  
Natalie Hahn ◽  
Anne Klassen ◽  
Karsten Donat
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Detection Probability ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Positive Sample ◽  
Bacterial Density ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Real Time Quantitative Pcr

Within paratuberculosis control programs Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP)-infected herds have to be detected with minimum effort but with sufficient reliability. We aimed to evaluate a combination of random sampling (RS) and pooling for the detection of MAP-infected herds, simulating repeated RS in imitated dairy herds (within-herd prevalence 1.0%, 2.0%, 4.3%). Each RS consisted of taking 80 out of 300 pretested fecal samples, and five or ten samples were repeatedly and randomly pooled. All pools containing at least one MAP-positive sample were analyzed by culture and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). The pool detection probability was 47.0% or 45.9% for pools of size 5 or 10 applying qPCR and slightly lower using culture. Combining these methods increased the pool detection probability. A positive association between bacterial density in pools and pool detection probability was identified by logistic regression. The herd-level detection probability ranged from 67.3% to 84.8% for pools of size 10 analyzed by both qPCR and culture. Pools of size 10 can be used without significant loss of sensitivity compared with pools of size 5. Analyzing randomly sampled and pooled fecal samples allows the detection of MAP-infected herds, but is not recommended for one-time testing in low prevalence herds.

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