scholarly journals Baicalein and Baicalin Promote Melanoma Apoptosis and Senescence via Metabolic Inhibition

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Huang ◽  
Bo Peng ◽  
Yash Nayak ◽  
Cindy Wang ◽  
Fusheng Si ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Inhibition

Effect of Glibenclamide on Membrane Response to Metabolic Inhibition in Smooth Muscle of Rat Portal Vein

1994 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Louise Lydrup ◽  
Karl Swärd ◽  
Per Hellstrand
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Metabolic Inhibition ◽  
Rat Portal Vein

scholarly journals Serological tests for the detection of antibodies to Mycoplasma gallisepticum in chickens and turkeys

1968 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. T. W. Jordan ◽  
P. Kulasegaram
Keyword(s):  
Positive Reaction ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Mycoplasma Gallisepticum ◽  
Metabolic Inhibition ◽  
Agar Gel ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Anamnestic Response ◽  
Initial Infection ◽  
Gel Method

SUMMARYA comparison was undertaken of several serological tests in determining the response of chickens and turkeys experimentally infected with the A 514 strain of Mycoplasma gallisepticum.After a single intratracheal inoculation of chickens with a culture of the organism, the highest titres were obtained by the indirect complement fixation (ICF) test, followed by the tube agglutination (TA), haemagglutination inhibition (HI), slide agglutination (SA) and metabolic inhibition (MI) tests. By all these tests positive titres were observed within the first week and peak titres between the first and second weeks. At 5 months there was no positive reaction by the ICF test but most chickens gave positive readings by the TA, HI and SA tests for at least 14 months after infection, but turkey sera became negative by all tests after 3 months.A disadvantage of the ICF test was that sera up to a dilution of 1/8 and 1/16 for chicken and turkey respectively were anticomplementary, and in turkeys this masked the ICF titre, which presumably was low following one intratracheal inoculation. Titres in turkeys with the TA, HI and SA tests followed the pattern seen with chickens and were generally lower than those found by other workers probably because of the avirulent nature of the inoculum used.The WB test was the least sensitive of the agglutination tests but is useful as a flock test which can be undertaken on the farm.The MI test gave the lowest titres of all and antibodies could be detected for only 4 months following one intratracheal inoculation. Even with serum prepared by multiple inoculations in chickens the titre was never higher than 1/32 compared with 1/1024 for serum similarly prepared in rabbits.Precipitins were detected by the agar gel method in the sera of chickens and turkeys after two intratracheal inoculations but in only some of the chickens and none of the turkeys after one inoculation.By all tests higher titres were observed with chicken than turkey sera and antibodies persisted for a longer time.Re-infection of chickens when antibodies to the initial infection had become low, and of turkeys when antibodies were no longer detectable, gave rise to an anamnestic response with titres which were higher than before.Antiserum to M. gallisepticum prepared in chickens is comparable with that prepared in rabbits except for low titres by the MI test.

scholarly journals Nonanticoagulant heparin reduces myocyte Na+ and Ca2+ loading during simulated ischemia and decreases reperfusion injury

2010 ◽  
Vol 298 (1) ◽  
pp. H102-H111 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Barry ◽  
Xiu Q. Zhang ◽  
Michael E. Halkos ◽  
Jakob Vinten-Johansen ◽  
Noriko Saegusa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ventricular Myocytes ◽  
Myocardial Necrosis ◽  
Coronary Artery Occlusion ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Metabolic Inhibition ◽  
Early Reperfusion ◽  
Simulated Ischemia ◽  
Sea Anemone Toxin ◽  
Voltage Clamping

Heparin desulfated at the 2- O and 3- O positions (ODSH) decreases canine myocardial reperfusion injury. We hypothesized that this occurs from effects on ion channels rather than solely from anti-inflammatory activities, as previously proposed. We studied closed-chest pigs with balloon left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion (75-min) and reperfusion (3-h). ODSH effects on [Na+]i (Na Green) and [Ca2+]i (Fluo-3) were measured by flow cytometry in rabbit ventricular myocytes after 45-min of simulated ischemia [metabolic inhibition with 2 mM cyanide, 0 glucose, 37°C, pacing at 0.5 Hz; i.e., pacing-metabolic inhibition (PMI)]. Na+/Ca2+ exchange (NCX) activity and Na+ channel function were assessed by voltage clamping. ODSH (15 mg/kg) 5 min before reperfusion significantly decreased myocardial necrosis, but neutrophil influx into reperfused myocardium was not consistently reduced. ODSH (100 μg/ml) reduced [Na+]i and [Ca2+]i during PMI. The NCX inhibitor KB-R7943 (10 μM) or the late Na+ current ( INa-L) inhibitor ranolazine (10 μM) reduced [Ca2+]i during PMI and prevented effects of ODSH on Ca2+ loading. ODSH also reduced the increase in Na+ loading in paced myocytes caused by 10 nM sea anemone toxin II, a selective activator of INa-L. ODSH directly stimulated NCX and reduced INa-L. These results suggest that in the intact heart ODSH reduces Na+ influx during early reperfusion, when INa-L is activated by a burst of reactive oxygen production. This reduces Na+ overload and thus Ca2+ influx via NCX. Stimulation of Ca2+ extrusion via NCX later after reperfusion may also reduce myocyte Ca2+ loading and decrease infarct size.

scholarly journals Functional roles of KATP channel subunits in metabolic inhibition

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 90-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey V. Glukhov ◽  
Keita Uchida ◽  
Igor R. Efimov ◽  
Colin G. Nichols
Keyword(s):  
Katp Channel ◽  
Metabolic Inhibition ◽  
Functional Roles

scholarly journals Characterizing Metabolic Inhibition Using Electrochemical Enzyme/DNA Biosensors

2009 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 716-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic O. Hull ◽  
Besnik Bajrami ◽  
Ingela Jansson ◽  
John B. Schenkman ◽  
James F. Rusling
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Inhibition ◽  
Dna Biosensors

Disintegration of cytoskeletal structure of actin filaments in energy-depleted endothelial cells

1993 ◽  
Vol 264 (5) ◽  
pp. H1599-H1608 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Kuhne ◽  
M. Besselmann ◽  
T. Noll ◽  
A. Muhs ◽  
H. Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Metabolic Inhibition ◽  
Ionophore A23187 ◽  
Aortic Endothelial Cells ◽  
Monolayer Cultures ◽  
Cell Retraction ◽  
Porcine Aortic Endothelial Cells ◽  
Reversible Phase

In a previous study [Watanabe, H., W. Kuhne, R. Spahr, P. Schwartz, and H. M. Piper. Am. J. Physiol. 260 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 29): H1344-H1352, 1991] metabolic inhibition (5 mM KCN + 5 mM 2-deoxy-D-glucose, for 2 h) was found to cause disintegration of F-actin filaments, cell retraction, and augmented paracellular macromolecule permeability in monolayer cultures of porcine aortic endothelial cells after a rapid depletion of ATP stores (90% in 5 min). These changes were reversible. In the present study, the nature of this cytoskeletal disintegration was investigated. 1) Disintegration of F-actin filaments within 2-h incubation under metabolic inhibition was accompanied by appearance of F-actin clumps in the cells, but total contents of F-actin remained unaltered. 2) Cytosolic Ca2+ levels rapidly rose in metabolically inhibited cells; after 2 h a 10-fold increase was observed. 3) Presence of the Ca2+ ionophore A23187 (10 microM) mimicked the reversible effect of metabolic inhibition on F-actin filaments and monolayer permeability but not the extensive depletion of ATP stores. 4) Existence of the Ca(2+)-activatable actin-severing protein gelsolin in endothelial cells was demonstrated. The results show that during the reversible phase of endothelial energy depletion disintegration of F-actin filaments is only partial, since it is based on their fragmentation and not depolymerization. Increase in cytosolic Ca2+ levels seems to be the primary cause for the fragmentation, possibly through the activation of gelsolin.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial Metabolic Inhibition and Cardioprotection

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Ryul Lee ◽  
Jin Han
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Inhibition
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