scholarly journals US Water Pollution Regulation over the Last Half Century: Burning Waters to Crystal Springs?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Keiser ◽  
Joseph Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Half Century ◽  
Pollution Regulation

Strategies for Condition Assessment of Sewer Systems

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Müller
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Critical Condition ◽  
Ground Water Pollution ◽  
Pollution Regulation ◽  
Sewer Systems ◽  
Single Strategy ◽  
Surface Covering ◽  
Critical Class ◽  
Representative Samples

The inspection of sewers can take place whether by means of fixed-intervals in a conventional surface-covering inspection, or by means of need-oriented strategies. Those need-oriented strategies can be differed between a selective inspection, an evaluation of the present sewer condition based on a representative samples and a failure-oriented forecasting strategy. By setting up and implementing a numerical model it is now possible to carry out a comparison between strategies. Herewith, the potential of success from every single strategy concerning different boundary conditions has been evaluated. For larger Sewer Systems a failure-oriented forecasting strategy presents a more reasonable alternative than the conventional surface-covering one. The reason is because the holding time from every sewer in a critical condition can be reduced considerably within this kind of oriented-need inspections compared to the conventional ones. Similarly, this method meets the ability to estimate the whole condition of a sewer for a given term in the minimum time, which usually could not be achieved by a conventional inspection. Oriented-need inspection strategies offer even superior advantages when the crop and the ground water pollution regulation controls have been followed from the beginning, in order to reduce holding times within sewers in a critical class-condition.

Keeping Matter in its Place: Pollution Regulation and the Reconfiguring of Farmers and Farming

1998 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 1165-1178 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Ward ◽  
J Clark ◽  
P Lowe ◽  
S Seymour
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Rural Environment ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Agricultural Pesticides ◽  
Pollution Regulation ◽  
Social Ordering ◽  
Present Case Study ◽  
Farm Livestock

In this paper we examine the regulation of agricultural practice to reduce the risks of water pollution in England and Wales. We present case-study material concerning water pollution from farm livestock effluents and from agricultural pesticides, and focus on the ways in which farmers and farming practices are being reconfigured under the banner of a move towards a ‘more sustainable agriculture’. Pollution policies can be seen as attempts not only to ‘stabilise’ nature in the rural environment, but also as a process of social ordering as farmers are recast as responsible environmental managers with newly instrumentalised self-governing properties.

scholarly journals US Water Pollution Regulation over the Past Half Century: Burning Waters to Crystal Springs?

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Keiser ◽  
Joseph S. Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Half Century ◽  
Past Half Century ◽  
The Us

In the half century since the founding of the US Environmental Protection Agency, public and private US sources have spent nearly $5 trillion ($2017) to provide clean rivers, lakes, and drinking water (annual spending of 0.8 percent of US GDP in most years). Yet over half of rivers and substantial shares of drinking water systems violate standards, and polls for decades have listed water pollution as Americans’ number one environmental concern. We assess the history, effectiveness, and efficiency of the Clean Water Act and Safe Drinking Water Act and obtain four main conclusions. First, water pollution has fallen since these laws were passed, in part due to their interventions. Second, investments made under these laws could be more cost effective. Third, most recent studies estimate benefits of cleaning up pollution in rivers and lakes that are less than the costs, though these studies may undercount several potentially important types of benefits. Analysis finds more positive net benefits of drinking water quality investments. Fourth, economic research and teaching on water pollution are relatively uncommon, as measured by samples of publications, conference presentations, and textbooks.

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