scholarly journals Life After Surviving Vehicular Accident: A Phenomenological Inquiry

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 364-368
Author(s):  
Edmelyn B. Cacayan ◽  
Shayne R. Babaran ◽  
Romella Mendez Tuppal
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accident ◽  
Phenomenological Inquiry ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Vehicle Accident ◽  
Accident Victim ◽  
Psychological Assistance ◽  
Qualitative Phenomenological

Worldwide, one of the leading causes of death and injuries are motor vehicle accidents. This study was conducted to explore motor vehicle accident victims’ experiences after vehicular accident in an attempt to further understand the phenomenon. It is important to know the effects of the accident to the life of survivors in order to make a specific intervention to their specific needs. A qualitative phenomenological design is used, using semi-structured, in depth face to face interviews to elicit accounts of vehicular accident survivors. Findings revealed that driving under influence of alcohol, over speeding, slippery road, and first time driving are some of the causes of accident. Five of the respondents had experienced disturbing thoughts, and some of them had dreams of the accident were happening again. Six of the respondents were afraid that it will happen again when something or someone reminded them of the accident or when seeing the place where they experienced the accident. The result of this study will help and assist health professionals in developing a plan of care to victims of vehicular accidents regardless of severity to have psychological assistance to avoid future problems such as recurrent thoughts, sleep disturbances and others. Keyword: vehicular accident; victim

scholarly journals Traumatic Aortic Injury in a 3-Year-Old Child - A Case Report and Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aljohani M ◽  
◽  
Alanazi S ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accident ◽  
Aortic Injury ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Vehicle Accident ◽  
Pseudo Aneurysm ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Tomography Scan

This case report describes a case of aortic injury with pseudo-aneurysm in a 3-year-old Saudi boy following a motor vehicle accident. The diagnosis was suspected on computed tomography scan, and emergency surgery was performed. A Dacron graft was inserted to repair the injured aorta. Postoperatively, absent femoral, and distal pulses were noted, and thromboembolectomy was performed with good outcome. We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the literature because it raises awareness of aortic injury and rupture in pediatric patients with multi-organ trauma following motor vehicle accidents. A high index of suspicion and early intervention are essential in improving outcomes.

Effects of early nightmares on the development of sleep disturbances in motor vehicle accident victims

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 548-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihori Kobayashi ◽  
Eve M. Sledjeski ◽  
Eileen Spoonster ◽  
William F. Fallon ◽  
Douglas L. Delahanty
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accident ◽  
Vehicle Accident

Probability Analysis of Motor Vehicle Accidents

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Kimbrough
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accident ◽  
Probability Analysis ◽  
Maximum Information ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Vehicle Accident ◽  
Stop Sign ◽  
Oncoming Vehicle ◽  
Probability Methods ◽  
The Right

Probability analysis is the key to extracting the maximum information from the evidence surrounding a motor vehicle accident. Moreover, it gives essential perspective to the answers drawn from the evidence, by conveying the uncertainty about the answers. In this paper, probability methods are used to analyze a typical intersection type collision between two vehicles. It is a situation in which one of the vehicles pulls out from a stop sign into the path of the other vehicle, which had the right of way. The vehicle that pulls out into the path of the oncoming vehicle precipitates the accident, but the driver of the oncoming vehicle may have contributed to the accident by traveling at excessive speed and or by being inattentive.

Child Restraint Law Effects on Motor Vehicle Accident Fatalities and Injuries: The New Mexico Experience

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 1079-1084
Author(s):  
C. Mack Sewell ◽  
Harry F. Hull ◽  
John Fenner ◽  
Howard Graff ◽  
Jeffrey Pine
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accident ◽  
State Legislature ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Vehicle Accident ◽  
Accident Data ◽  
Child Restraint ◽  
Nonfatal Injury

The New Mexico State Legislature passed a child restraint law applicable to children less than 5 years of age that became effective in June 1983. To evaluate the effectiveness of this law, we analyzed traffic accident data for New Mexico from January 1981 through September 1984. During this period, there were 20,972 children younger than 5 years of age in motor vehicle accidents. Restraint usage increased for this age group from a low of about 10% in 1981 to more than 40% in 1984 (P < 10-6). Unrestrained children younger than 5 years of age were five times more likely to be killed and two times more likely to be injured than restrained children. Analysis of motor vehicle accident fatality and injury rates pre- and postlaw revealed a 33% reduction in motor vehicle accident fatality rates and a 12.6% reduction in nonfatal injury rates for children younger than 5 years. We conclude that (1) child restraint devices are effective in reducing motor vehicle accident fatalities and injuries in young children and (2) the child restraint law has been effective in increasing child restraint usage and in reducing childhood death and injury in New Mexico.

scholarly journals Increased atlanto-dental interval in a motor vehicle accident victim

Injury Extra ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermione Race ◽  
Damian Balmforth ◽  
Arjan B. Van As
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accident ◽  
Vehicle Accident ◽  
Accident Victim

scholarly journals Bystander Experiences at and after a Motor Vehicle Accident: A review of the literature

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Hall ◽  
Karen Wooton ◽  
Alison Hutton
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accident ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Vehicle Accident ◽  
Car Crash ◽  
The Hours ◽  
Health Policy Decision

Introduction To explore what was known about the experiences of bystanders both at the scene, and following a motor vehicle accident (MVA). Understanding these experiences will further elucidate the knowledge underpinning bystander’s action and their needs at the scene and in the hours, days, weeks and months following this event. Methods A search of Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), MedLine (OVID) and Informit was undertaken using a combination of the keywords: bystander, first aid, motor vehicle accidents, car crash, car collision, lay people and witness. Thirteen articles met the selection criteria and were included in the analysis. The World Wide Web (web) was subsequently searched in response to a gap in current research on bystanders’ experiences at and following a MVA. Systematic thematic coding was used in the extraction of patterns regarding bystander experiences during and after witnessing a MVA. Results In the exploration of bystanders’ experiences during and after attending a MVA this review confirmed the presence of physical, emotional, cognitive and situational factors associated with bystander responses. Bystanders demonstrated that their response behaviours were determined by the nature of the emergency and the severity of perceived injury. In addition, bystanders weighed up the costs of helping and many felt morally responsible to offer assistance. Although there were no studies of long-term negative consequences exemplars from the web provided insight into ongoing psychological affects for bystanders. Conclusion This thematic literature analysis demonstrated the need for further research into the experiences of bystanders both during and following an MVA. Understanding bystander assistance in emergencies will allow health policy decision-makers to address the needs of both potential bystanders and those of actual bystanders during and post event.

scholarly journals Galvos traumos epidemiologija Vilniuje ir Vilniaus apskrityje

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Aidanas Preikšaitis ◽  
Saulius Ročka
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accident ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Vehicle Accident ◽  
G 21 ◽  
The Social ◽  
Vilnius University

Galvos traumos epidemiologija Vilniuje ir Vilniaus apskrityje Aidanas Preikšaitis, Saulius RočkaVilniaus universiteto Medicinos fakultetas,M. K. Čiurlionio g. 21, LT-03101 VilniusVilniaus universiteto Neurologijos ir neurochirurgijos klinikosNeurochirurgijos skyrius,Šiltnamių g. 29 LT-04130 VilniusEl paštas: [email protected], [email protected] Įvadas / tikslas Galvos trauma – tai dažniausia žmonių iki 40 metų mirties bei invalidumo priežastis visame pasaulyje. Galvos traumų kiekvienais metais vis daugėja dėl nuolat kintančios socialinės aplinkos. Lietuvos sveikatos informacijos centro duomenimis, 2001 metais registruota beveik 40 tūkst. paauglių ir suaugusių asmenų galvos traumų, o tai sudarė 1370 iš 10 000 gyventojų per metus. Vidutinis galvos traumos paplitimas kitose pasaulio šalyse yra 218 iš 10000. Atrodytų, kad Lietuvoje galvos traumų yra šešis kartus daugiau negu vidutiniškai pasaulyje, o epidemiologinių tyrimų, mūsų žiniomis, Vilniuje nebuvo atlikta. Siekiant išsiaiškinti tikrąją padėtį buvo suplanuotas ir atliktas šis tyrimas. Ligoniai ir metodai Retrospektyvusis tyrimas atliktas Vilniaus greitosios pagalbos universitetinėje ligoninėje (VGPUL). Iš viso ištirta galvos traumą patyrusių 1800 pacientų. Duomenys buvo renkami į asmeninį kompiuterį, naudojant "MS Office Excel 2003" programą. Duomenų analizei pasitelkta "SPSS 10" programa. Rezultatai Paaiškėjo, kad vyrai galvos traumas patiria dažniau. Jie sudarė 64,78%, moterys – 35,22% visų ištirtų ligonių (p < 0,05). Pagal traumos priežastį vyrauja smurtiniai sužalojimai (36,3%), kiek mažiau – kritimų (34,7%), trečioji priežastis – eismo įvykiai (12,1%). Tik 230 (12,8%) pacientų turėjo bent vieną neurologinį simptomą. Išvados Nustatytas neigiamas ryšys tarp amžiaus ir eismo įvykio metu patirtos galvos traumos bei smurtinių sužalojimų. Ryšys tarp kritimų ir amžiaus yra teigiamas. Nuo amžiaus taip pat priklauso ir dėl susidūrimo su krintančiu objektu patirta galvos trauma: dažniau nukenčia jauni ir garbaus amžiaus asmenys. Nuo metų laiko priklauso galvos traumų skaičius, patirtas nukritus (daugiau žiemą) ir susidūrus su krintančiu objektu (daugiau rudenį). Vertinant pasaulinius standartus, reikėtų patikslinti Lietuvoje nusistovėjusias galvos ir galvos smegenų traumos statistikos normas. Reikšminiai žodžiai: galvos trauma, epidemiologija, neurochirurgija Epidemiology of head injury in Vilnius and Vilnius district Aidanas Preikšaitis, Saulius RočkaVilnius University, Faculty of Medicine,M. K. Čiurlionio str. 21, LT-03101 Vilnius, LithuaniaVilnius University, Clinic of Neurology and Neurosurgery,Department of Neurosurgery,Šiltnamių str. 29, LT-04130 Vilnius, LithuaniaE-mails: [email protected], [email protected] Background / objective Head injury is one of the most frequent causes of death and disablement worldwide. Because of changes in the social and economic environment, the prevalence of head injury is increasing. According to the data of Lithuanian Health Information Center, the prevalence of head injury in Lithuania in 2001 was 1370/10000 inhabitants. The average prevalence of head injury in other countries was 218/10000. It appears that the cases of head injury are six times more frequent in Lithuania, although there were no epidemiological studies performed in the country. This study was aimed to clarify real statistical situation. Patients and methods A retrospective study was carried out in Vilnius University Emergency Hospital. In total, 1800 patients were enrolled into the study. The data were stored in a personal computer and analyzed with a Microsoft Excel 2003 and SPSS 10 statistical package. Results The prevalence of male gender (64.7%) was statistically significant. The main causes of trauma were assault (36.3%), fall (34.7%) and motor vehicle accidents (12.1%). Neurological signs were found only in 230 patients (12.8%). Conclusions A negative correlation was established between the age and head injury during the motor vehicle accident or assault. Head injury after the contact with a falling object was also age-dependent. Seasonal variations were found in falls (more in winter) and in traumas after a contact with a falling object (more in autumn). Official Lithuanian standards of head and brain injury need to be re-evaluated in the light of international statistical rules. Key words: head injury, epidemiology, neurosurgery

scholarly journals The need for acute hospitals to provide counselling following motor vehicle accidents

1996 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rod Watts ◽  
David Horne ◽  
Jenny Sandells
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accident ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Psychological Sequelae ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Vehicle Accident ◽  
Acute Hospitals ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines the need for a systematic way of detecting individuals likely toencounter moderate to severe psychological sequelae after being injured in a motorvehicle accident. It presents the findings of assessments of consecutive adult admissionsduring a six-month period to the Accident and Emergency Department of RoyalMelbourne Hospital, a major acute hospital in Melbourne, within two days of beinginjured in a motor vehicle accident. Seventy of the 250 subjects surveyed completedthe General Health Questionnaire 12 and the Impact of Event Scale questionnaire,with 77- per cent found likely to have had a psychiatric disorder. Seventy-four per centhad at least moderate levels of intrusion or avoidance phenomena. Forty-four per centhad severe levels of one or the other. Prevalence of these psychological sequelae wasgreater than that found in several recent studies on the effects of motor vehicleaccidents.A small number (11?15- per cent) sought or received professional counselling withinthe first three months. This group did not differ, according to levels of intrusion,avoidance, or scores on the GHQ 12, to subjects who did not seek or receive suchassistance. Results identify the necessity of investigating and implementing methodsof detecting and treating the many who apparently sustain significant psychologicalsequelae following injury in a motor vehicle accident.

scholarly journals Effect of an educational leaflet on the frequency of seat belt use and the rate of motor vehicle accidents during pregnancy in Japan in 2018: a prospective, non-randomised control trial with a questionnaire survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e031839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamoru Morikawa ◽  
Takashi Yamada ◽  
Hiromasa Kogo ◽  
Masaki Sugawara ◽  
Akira Nishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accident ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Randomised Control Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Vehicle Accident ◽  
Seat Belt Use

ObjectiveTo determine whether an educational leaflet had any effect on seat belt use, seat preference and motor vehicle accidents rate during pregnancy in Japan.DesignProspective, non-randomised control trial with a questionnaire survey.SettingEight obstetric hospitals in Sapporo, Japan.Participants2216 pregnant women, of whom 1105 received the leaflet (intervention group) and 1111 did not (control group).InterventionsDistribution of an educational leaflet on seat belt use to women in the intervention group.Primary outcome measuresThe effect of an educational leaflet on seat belt use, each pregnant woman’s seat preference and the women’s rates of motor vehicle accidents rate during their pregnancies. To evaluate the effects, the intervention group’s responses to the questionnaires were compared with those of the control group.ResultsThe proportion of subjects who always used seat belts during pregnancy was significantly higher in the intervention group (91.3%) than in the control group (86.7%; p=0.0005). Among all subjects, the percentage of women who preferred the driver’s seat was lower during pregnancy (27.0%) than before pregnancy (38.7%), and the percentage of women who preferred the rear seat was higher during pregnancy (28.8%) than before pregnancy (21.0%). These two rates did not differ between two groups. Seventy-one women (3.2%) reported experiencing a motor vehicle accident during pregnancy. The motor vehicle accident rate for the intervention group (3.3%) was similar to that for the control group (3.2%).ConclusionsAn educational seat belt leaflet was effective in raising the rate of consistent seat belt use during pregnancy, but it did not decrease the rate of motor vehicle accidents. The wearing of seat belts should be promoted more extensively among pregnant women to decrease rates of pregnancy-related morbidity and mortality from motor vehicle accidents.

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