scholarly journals Effect of level of fiber of the rearing phase diets on egg production, digestive tract traits, and body measurements of brown egg-laying hens fed diets differing in energy concentration

2016 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 1836-1847 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Guzmán ◽  
B. Saldaña ◽  
O. Bouali ◽  
L. Cámara ◽  
G.G. Mateos
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Energy Concentration ◽  
Body Measurements

scholarly journals Influence of grinding size of the main cereal of the diet on egg production and eggs quality of brown egg laying hens from 33 to 65 weeks of age

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (7) ◽  
pp. 2506-2515 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Herrera ◽  
B. Saldaña ◽  
L. Cámara ◽  
J.D. Berrocoso ◽  
G.G. Mateos
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Eggs Quality

Effect of Water Extract of Two Leaves (Allium sativum and Sauropus androgynus) on Egg Production and Yolk Cholesterol Levels in Egg Laying Hens

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 482-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Gusti Nyoman Gde Bidura ◽  
Ida Bagus Gaga Partama ◽  
Budi Rahayu Tanama Putri ◽  
Ni Luh Watiniasih
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Yolk Cholesterol

scholarly journals A simple way to reduce heat stress in laying hens as judged by egg laying, body weight gain and biochemical parameters

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Şahin ◽  
O. Küçük
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase ◽  
Feed Withdrawal

This study was designed to test the effects of feed withdrawal and darkening on the performance, triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and some blood serum metabolite and mineral concentrations of laying hens reared at high ambient temperatures ranging from 25 to 35 °C. Ninety, 16-week-old hens (Ross Brown) were divided into 3 groups, 30 hens each. The first group was used as control. Hens in the second group (feed withdrawal) were subjected to feed removal from 14:00 to 18:00, and hens in the third group (darkening) were subjected to light restriction from 14:00 to 18:00 using black curtains. Liveweight, feed intake, and egg production were higher (P < 0.01) in the feed withdrawal and darkening groups, particularly in the darkening group, than in the control. Water intake was higher in the control group compared with the feed withdrawal and darkening groups (P < 0.01). T3, T4, and TSH concentrations in the serum were higher (P < 0.01), whereas ACTH serum concentration was lower (P < 0.01) in the feed withdrawal and darkening groups compared with the control. The haematocrit was higher in the feed withdrawal and darkening groups compared with the control (P < 0.01). Darkening and feed withdrawal treatments increased serum glucose, urea-N, uric acid, albumin, triglyceride, cholesterol, Ca, P, Na, and K concentrations, also the activities of amylase and alkaline phosphatase, but did not influence the activities of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT). The present study found that feed withdrawal and darkening, particularly darkening, at high temperatures during the summer months offer a good management practice to reduce heat stress related depression in feed intake and egg production in laying hens.

The nitrogen balance of laying hens

1934 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 636-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Willcox
Keyword(s):  
Rhode Island ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Uniform Rate

SummaryA nitrogen balance experiment of ten weeks' duration with two Rhode Island Red laying hens is described.The observed variations in the retention of nitrogen for egg-producing purposes do not appear to be connected with the output of egg nitrogen or with the number of eggs laid in the various egg cycles.The view held by other workers that the nitrogen required for egg production can be largely if not entirely drawn from the food supplied during the laying period is confirmed.The marked storage of nitrogen which has been shown to occur immediately prior to the commencement of egg laying is not repeated during the laying period, and it is suggested that during a period of heavy egg production synthesis of the nitrogenous constituents of the egg proceeds at a fairly uniform rate.

scholarly journals Performance of Laying Hens Fed Sorghum Based Diets Supplemented with Enzymes

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 224-232
Author(s):  
O. M. Agunbiade ◽  
P. A. Onimisi ◽  
J. J. Omage
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Sorghum is the primary alternative feedstuff for corn in some developed countries in the production of poultry. Thus, four hundred and fifty 32 weeks old Lohmann Brown laying hens were used in a study to evaluate the effect of replacing maize with sorghum with or without enzymes supplementation, on egg laying performance and egg quality characteristics of laying hens. Birds were distributed randomly into six dietary treatments with three replicates per treatment, each replicate had 25 birds with uniform initial group weights. The treatments included maize without enzymes (T1); sorghum without enzymes (T2); as controls respectively, while T3, T4, T5, and T6 contained sorghum based diets with phytase, protease, G2G, and a combination of protease and G2G respectively. Laying performance, cost of production, and egg quality characteristics were determined for the period of the trial, 33-56 weeks of age of the birds. All data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance, using the completely randomized design (CRD) and significant differences among treatment means were compared using the Tukey test. Significant (p<0.05) differences were observed among dietary treatments but with no defined trend observed for egg production traits. Daily feed intake was significantly (p<0.05) higher in maize control diet compared to the other treatments. Diets supplemented with phytase (T3), protease (14), and combination of protease and roxazyme G2G (T6) had significantly (p<0.05) better feed conversion ratio with T3 having the lowest value of 4.01 compared to the other treatments. For feed cost/dozen egg (N), Kg feed/dozen eggs, income above feed cost at N30 per egg, and income above control treatment; phytase (T3), protease (T4), roxazyme 626 (T5), and protease + roxacyme G2G (T6) diets in this study showed better performance than the control. Sorghum diet without enzyme had significantly (p<0.05) least performance for egg number. Hen housed egg production (HHP) and hen day egg production (HDP) compared to the other treatments while sorghum diet with phytase had the highest value (60.12g/day) for average egg weight compared to the other treatments. Egg quality characteristics showed the best performance for dietary treatments supplemented with phytase (T3) in all the other parameters considered, apart from the albumen height, yolk diameter, and yolk index. It was concluded therefore, that sorghum with phytase and protease supplementations can be used in layers' diets as a substitute for maize for optimum egg production.

scholarly journals EDIBLEEGGQUALITYWHENIODINEISINTRODUCEDINTOLAYINGHENBODY

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
L.V. Rastopshina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Egg White ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trace Element Deficiency

The Altai Region along with the regions of the Siberian Federal District belongs to the zone with trace element deficiency including iodine deficiency. The research goal was to study the effect of iodine on edible egg quality of laying hens of the Rodonit cross. At the final stage of egg-laying, 4 groups of 4 laying hens were formed. No iodine was administered to the hens of the 1st control group. Starch-based iodine product was administered to the birds of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th trial groups into the lower third of the neck, under the wing and into the rump area in a dose of 1.5 mg per head. The egg production intensity in the trial groups was higher by 21.3-28.8%. Egg weight in the 1st control group was 65.6 ± 1.33g which was lower than that in the trial groups by 4.4% (2nd group); 3.7% (3rd group) and 1.5% 4th group). All eggs belonged to “select” grade. The 3rd and 4th trial groups had less egg white by 3.8 and 2.7%; the egg-yolk content increases in the eggs of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th trial groups by 1.2%, 9.4% and 2.4%, respectively, and the eggshell weight by 1.2-9.4% as com-pared to the control. The ratio of egg white and egg-yolk weight in the eggs of the trial groups was lower than in the control group by 9.38-19.29%, but the ratio of egg-yolk to egg white was by 10.4-23.9% higher. The following indices were higher in the trial groups as compared to the control: egg white index -by 1.4-17.1%; egg-yolk -by 3.2-6.4%; Haugh unit -by 7.2-11.1%; eggshell thickness -by 3.9-8.3%. The best results were obtained with the administra-tion of iodine to the hens in the region of the lower third of the neck. The enrichment of the body of laying hens of the Rodonit cross with iodine makes it possible to obtain the profitability of edible egg production at the level of 28.6-41.0%.

scholarly journals Reaction of the reproductive system of hens to the chronic stressor

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
M. Sakhatsky ◽  
Yu. Osadcha ◽  
V. Kuchmistov
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chronic Stressors ◽  
Chronic Stressor ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Group 1

During the panic, hens of white egg crosses, which are generally characterized by excessive timidity, immediately resort to escape and hysterically fight against the partitions and other elements that enclose the territory of their stay. It leads to numerous injuries, bleeding in the liver and ovaries, peritonitis, mass physiological anovulations and other disorders of the ovulatory cycles, and thus -at overcrowding, ie at 26 and 28 hens/m2, respe to reduction or stop of egg production and even death. Therefore, it is the level of egg production that determines and evaluates the reaction of the body of hens to acute stress in the first place, also for the immediate elimination of its stimulus. With regard to chronic stress, its diagnosis is complicated by the subtle current effects on the body of laying hens. However, with prolonged and cumulative action of the stimulus, it also causes significant material losses. The lack of a significant number of eggs under uncomfortable conditions of keeping hens during the year is probably a consequence of their being in a state of chronic stress. However, the possibility and effectiveness of its detection by the level of laying hens, especially at the beginning of the stimulus, has not been studied yet. This is especially true of situations that arise when the density of laying hens in cages. The urgency of detecting chronic stressors by the egg laying capacity of hens is also connected with the lack of objective data on the amount of material losses during their operation. Due to it and the attempt to obtain as many food eggs as possible from 1 m2 of available technological areas, some of their powerful producers resort to keeping the laying hens in the cages of multitiered batteries and even at higher densities, ie not at the densities recommended by the developer of the cross, but at higher ones established by the domestic standards. Therefore, the aim of the experiment was to determine the response of the reproductive system of hens to the intensity of chronic stressors formed by keeping them in cages of 12-tier batteries at a slightly higher density. To do it, on the conditions of a modern complex of the alimentary egg production 3 groups of laying hens of industrial herd of the cross «Hy-Line W-36» were formed, each was kept in a separate poultry house-analogue (area 2463.3 m2) with 12-tier cages batteries «Salmet», consisting of 30912 cages with the area of 0.392 m2. Hens of the 1st (control) group were kept at a density of 23 hens/m2 in accordance with domestic standards, and the 2nd and 3rd groups – at overcrowding, ie at 26 and 28 hens/m2, respectively. The effect of chronic stress on hens was determined by standard zootechnic and morphological methods of measuring their egg production, preservation, live weight and weight of eggs, strength and thickness of the shell, intensity of yolk color, etc. It was found that in accordance with the domestic requirements the normative density of keeping (23 hens/m2) of the hens of the cross «Hy-Line W-36» does not provide their inherent productivity, which should be at least 262.2 eggs per initial laying hen within 62 weeks of life (and at the density of keeping in the range of 13–20 hens/m2). In particular, in hens of group 1 it was (231.4 eggs/hen), ie it was 11.7% lower. Preservation of hens of group 1 (91.3%) also did not reach the normative level (96.4%). The increase in the intensity of chronic stressors, namely the increase in the density of hens of groups 2 and 3 to 26–28 hens/m2, led to a corresponding reaction of their body, in particular, to a decrease in egg productivity (up to 220.8–227.2 pcs/hen.) and preservation (up to 88.4–91.1%). This increase in the density of laying hens in the cages of 12-tier batteries to 26–28 hens/m2 (by 4–27% relative to domestic standards) provides for obtaining of 1.6–5.2 thousand more eggs from 1 m2 of poultry area, but under conditions of reduction of the level of the European coefficient of efficiency of their production. Thus, it was found that overcrowding of hens of the industrial flock of egg cross «Hy-Line W-36» is a chronic stressor, which causes a decrease not only in egg production due to ovulatory cycles, but also their viability and efficiency of egg production in general.

scholarly journals US Egg Production Data Set

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samara Mendez
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
The United States ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Flock Size ◽  
Advocacy Organizations ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Impact

Tracking the capability of the egg production industry to supply the food industry with enough cage-free eggs to meet retailers' and restaurants' animal welfare commitments is important to industry groups and farm animal advocacy organizations alike. In this project, we synthesize an analysis-ready data set that tracks cage-free hens and the supply of cage-free eggs relative to the overall numbers of hens and table eggs in the United States. The data set is based on reports produced by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), which are published weekly or monthly. The data will be updated periodically as new USDA reports are released. We supplement these data with definitions and a taxonomy of egg products drawn from USDA and industry publications. The data include flock size (both absolute and relative) and egg production of cage-free hens as well as all table-egg-laying hens in the US, collected to understand the impact of the industry's cage-free transition on hens. Data coverage ranges from December 2007 to present. Initial analysis of cage-free trends shows that, as of the most recent version of this report, 26% of all table-egg-laying hens lived in cage-free systems. This figure represents an increase of 23 percentage points over the entire sample period of December 2007 to April 2020.Revised: May 29, 2020

VETERINARY HYGIENIC EXAMI-NATION OF THE QUALITY OF CHICKENS EGGS WHEN USING THE FOOD ADDITIVE “PRINAROVSKAYA”

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
E.M. Belorusskaya ◽  
◽  
A.F. Kuznetsov ◽  
A.J. Nechaev ◽  
I.V. Ivanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Shell Mass ◽  
Hatching Eggs ◽  
Experimental Group

The aim of the studies was to conduct a veterinary-hygienic assessment of changes in the eggs productivity of laying hens, after the use of the “Prinarovskaya supplement of fish (DKR)” in their main diet, which is a homogeneous dry mass made from chilled river fish, by-products of fish processings, as well as grain products (wheat bran). The method of production of the additive in-cludes the following steps: grinding, cavita-tion heating and subsequent drying of the resulting mixture. The studied supplement contains a number of amino acids, vitamins and minerals, etc. The object of the study were laying hens of the LomannLsn-Classic breed at the age of 131 days. “Prinarovskaya DKR” were introduced into the diet of ex-perimental laying hens: of the 1st experi-mental group 8 g of “Prinarovskaya DKR” were introduced per 100 g of the main ration (RR); The 2nd experimental group - 6 g. DKR to main ration; 3rd experimental group - 4 g. DKR to main ration; the control group was fed only main ration - feed PK1-1G_1227 (GOST: R 51851-2001). A veteri-nary-hygienic assessment of the quality of eggs, obtained from laying hens, when feed-ing a new feed additive “Prinarovskaya” was carried out. We kept daily records of laid eggs by groups, the period of the beginning of oviposition. The egg production were calculated of the initial and middle laying hens , the egg production intensity for 120 days. To assess egg productivity, the weight of laid eggs, the egg mass for a certain peri-od of egg laying, and the feed costs per 10 laid eggs were determined. Organoleptic, physical, and chemical methods were used to evaluate egg quality. Egg mass is an important indicator of egg nutrition. GOST 31654-2012 "Food eggs. Technical conditions ”, as well as the requirements for chicken hatching eggs, the minimum weight of food and hatching eggs (45 g) is indicated, below which the imple-mentation and incubation of eggs is not rec-ommended [1]. In studies, the following indicators were taken into account: large and small diameter of eggs, egg density, egg shape index of laying hens of different groups. To assess the state of the internal contents of the egg after opening, the follow-ing indicators were taken into account: pro-tein mass, yolk mass, shell mass, egg vol-ume. An external examination of the eggs as-sessed the condition of the shell, the pres-ence of cracks, growths and depressions. The study indicates a positive effect of the feed additive "Prinarovskaya" on the egg produc-tivity of birds in all periods of egg laying

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