scholarly journals Phage inactivation of foodborne Shigella on ready-to-eat spiced chicken

2013 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Ran Wang ◽  
Hongduo Bao
Keyword(s):  
Phage Inactivation

Evaluation of bacteriophages during the treatment of sludge

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 189-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Mignotte-Cadiergues ◽  
C. Gantzer ◽  
L. Schwartzbrod
Keyword(s):  
Bacteroides Fragilis ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Somatic Coliphages ◽  
Viral Contamination ◽  
Log Reduction ◽  
Ph Dependent ◽  
Somatic Coliphage ◽  
Phage Inactivation

The aim of this work was to determine the effect of liming and composting on the fate of three bacteriophages (somatic coliphages, F-RNA phages, Bacteroides fragilis phages) considered as potential indicators of viral contamination. It was shown that the three bacteriophages studied exhibited variable densities in sludge. Somatic coliphages were most abundant (104 to 105 .10 g−1 DM) then F-RNA bacteriophages (102 to 104.10 g−1 DM) and Bacteroides fragilis phages (101 to 102.10 g−1 DM). The efficacy of liming was found to be pH dependent but also sludge dependent. The pH allowing 99% elimination of somatic coliphage is close to 9 for solid sludges and close to 13.5 for liquid sludges. For composting, our findings clearly demonstrated that phage inactivation is very clearly temperature-dependent. For temperatures reaching 70°, there is a 5 log reduction in somatic coliphages while for temperature in the 50-55°C range, the drop off is only 2 log. Considering the efficacy of the treatment methods, it is clear that the well-established industrial procedures that reach temperatures in the 60-70°C range totally inactivate all 3 phages tested and present in sludge before composting.

Removal of Coliphages from Wastewater Effluent by Phototrophic Bacteria

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Hirotani ◽  
Y. Agui ◽  
M. Kobayashi ◽  
E. Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Field Test ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Phototrophic Bacteria ◽  
Wastewater Effluent ◽  
Phototrophic Bacterium ◽  
Model Study ◽  
Antiviral Substance ◽  
Chloroform Methanol ◽  
Phage Inactivation

A wastewater purifying process using a phototrophic bacterium, Rhodopseudomonascapsulata, is presently operating in several countries. Removal of coliphage during the process was assessed by a field-test and a model study. It was found that 97.4% of coliphage was removed during the purification of wastewater from a pigpen. The model study was performed to ensure that the removal was due to biomass of the phototrophic bacterium, which produces an antiviral substance. Phage inactivation by chloroform-methanol extract from the bacterium with the presence of kaolinite as a contaminating particulate is also shown to describe the efficiency of the antiviral substance from the phototrophic bacterium to wastewater.

COMPARATIVE DESTRUCTION OF LACTIC STREPTOCOCCUS BACTERIOPHAGES ON VARIOUS SURFACES BY GERMICIDAL AEROSOLS1,2

1964 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 161-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. Sing ◽  
P. R. Elliker ◽  
W. E. Sandine
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Test Chamber ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium Compound ◽  
Vertical Position ◽  
Ammonium Compound ◽  
Complete Inactivation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Building Surfaces ◽  
Phage Inactivation ◽  
Dichloroisocyanuric Acid

Summary A comparison was made of destruction by various germicidal aerosols of lactic streptococcus bacteriophages on a number of different types of representative building surfaces and stainless steel. With the exception of the stainless steel the surfaces were coated either with enamel or epoxy resin. Surfaces were contaminated by fogging with a phage suspension in a test chamber. After 15 min, germicide was fogged into the chamber and phage recovered from surfaces by scrubbing with inactivator solution. Chlorine compounds as represented by dichloroisocyanuric acid (DCCA) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) were markedly superior to quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) and phosphoric acid wetting agent (PAWA). Porosity of surface greatly influenced rate of phage inactivation. Aerosols appeared to be most effective on surfaces in the horizontal as compared to the vertical position. Complete inactivation of phage was not realized with either QAC or PAWA at all concentrations tested. However, fogging levels of 2000 ppm DCCA and NaOCl attained 100% of destruction of bacteriophage on horizontal building surfaces and 500 to 1000 ppm accomplished this on stainless steel.

scholarly journals Molecular Interaction between Lipoteichoic Acids and Lactobacillus delbrueckii Phages Depends on d-Alanyl and α-Glucose Substitution of Poly(Glycerophosphate) Backbones

2007 ◽  
Vol 189 (11) ◽  
pp. 4135-4140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liisa Räisänen ◽  
Christian Draing ◽  
Markus Pfitzenmaier ◽  
Karin Schubert ◽  
Tiina Jaakonsaari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Receptor Binding ◽  
Hydrophobic Interaction ◽  
Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography ◽  
Lactobacillus Delbrueckii ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
High Level ◽  
Phage Inactivation ◽  
Lipoteichoic Acids

ABSTRACT Lipoteichoic acids (LTAs) have been shown to act as bacterial counterparts to the receptor binding proteins of LL-H, LL-H host range mutant LL-H-a21, and JCL1032. Here we have used LTAs purified by hydrophobic interaction chromatography from different phage-resistant and -sensitive strains of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis. Nuclear magnetic resonance analyses revealed variation in the degree of α-glucosyl and d-alanyl substitution of the 1,3-linked poly(glycerophosphate) LTAs between the phage-sensitive and phage-resistant strains. Inactivation of phages was less effective if there was a high level of d-alanine residues in the LTA backbones. Prior incubation of the LTAs with α-glucose-specific lectin inhibited the LL-H phage inactivation. The overall level of decoration or the specific spatial combination of α-glucosyl-substituted, d-alanyl-substituted, and nonsubstituted glycerol residues may also affect phage adsorption.

scholarly journals THE RATE OF BACTERIOPHAGE INACTIVATION BY FILTRATES OF ESCHERICHIA COLI CULTURES

1941 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emory L. Ellis ◽  
John Spizizen
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Soluble Starch ◽  
Reaction Scheme ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Inactivation Rate ◽  
Square Root ◽  
Low Salt ◽  
Phage Inactivation

1. The rate of inactivation of an anti-coli phage by filtrates of cultures of the homologous bacteria has been studied. 2. The inactivation rate at 37°C. is proportional to phage concentration and filtrate concentration. 3. At 0°C. the rate of phage inactivation becomes proportional to the square root of the filtrate concentration. 4. A reaction scheme to account for these observations is suggested and discussed. 5. This coli-phage is also inactivated by relatively large concentrations of soluble starch, inulin, gum arabic, and acetylated gum arabic. 6. The inactivation is markedly influenced by salt concentration, being rapid at moderate salt concentrations and slow at high or extremely low salt concentrations. 7. The inactivated phage cannot be regenerated by high salt concentrations, or by soaps.

scholarly journals Persistence of Infectious Shiga Toxin-Encoding Bacteriophages after Disinfection Treatments

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (7) ◽  
pp. 2142-2149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Allué-Guardia ◽  
Alexandre Martínez-Castillo ◽  
Maite Muniesa
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Uv Dose ◽  
Phage Inactivation

ABSTRACTIn Shiga toxin-producingEscherichia coli(STEC), induction of Shiga toxin-encoding bacteriophages (Stx phages) causes the release of free phages that can later be found in the environment. The ability of Stx phages to survive different inactivation conditions determines their prevalence in the environment, the risk ofstxtransduction, and the generation of new STEC strains. We evaluated the infectivity and genomes of two Stx phages (Φ534 and Φ557) under different conditions. Infectious Stx phages were stable at 4, 22, and 37°C and at pH 7 and 9 after 1 month of storage but were completely inactivated at pH 3. Infective Stx phages decreased moderately when treated with UV (2.2-log10reduction for an estimated UV dose of 178.2 mJ/cm2) or after treatment at 60 and 68°C for 60 min (2.2- and 2.5-log10reductions, respectively) and were highly inactivated (3 log10) by 10 ppm of chlorine in 1 min. Assays in a mesocosm showed lower inactivation of all microorganisms in winter than in summer. The number of Stx phage genomes did not decrease significantly in most cases, and STEC inactivation was higher than phage inactivation under all conditions. Moreover, Stx phages retained the ability to lysogenizeE. coliafter some of the treatments.

Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Stimulation Measured by Phage Inactivation

1989 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Ferrini ◽  
A.M. Mileo ◽  
A. Nista ◽  
E. Mattei ◽  
A. Orofino
Keyword(s):  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte ◽  
Phage Inactivation

Phage inactivation of foodborne pathogens on cooked and raw meat

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 400-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Bigwood ◽  
J.A. Hudson ◽  
C. Billington ◽  
G.V. Carey-Smith ◽  
J.A. Heinemann
Keyword(s):  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Raw Meat ◽  
Phage Inactivation
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