scholarly journals Effects of Ad Libitum Versus Restricted Feeding on Body Composition and Egg Production of Broiler Breeders

1988 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 1001-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.R. ROBBINS ◽  
S.F. CHIN ◽  
G.C. McGHEE ◽  
K.D. ROBERSON
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Broiler Breeders ◽  
Ad Libitum

The influence of feeding level from 20 to 45 kg live weight on the performance and body composition of female and entire male pigs

1983 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Campbell ◽  
M. R. Taverner ◽  
D. M. Curic
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
Protein Deposition ◽  
Ad Libitum

ABSTRACTForty-two pigs representing equal numbers of entire males and females were used to study the effects on the performance and body composition of four restricted levels of feeding (14·5, 20·3, 24·9 and 29·4 MJ digestible energy per day), and of offering the same diet (14·5 MJ digestible energy per kg and 210 g crude protein per kg) ad libitum between 20 and 45 kg live weight.Over the four restricted feeding treatments there were no significant differences between the sexes for the performance and body composition of four restricted levels of feeding (14·5, 20·3, 24·9 and 29·4 MJ digestible energy per day), and of offering the same diet (14·5 MJ digestible energy per kg and 210 g crude protein per kg) ad libitum between 20 and 45 kg live weight.Although ad libitum energy intake was the same for both sexes (34·2 MJ digestible energy per day), raising digestible energy intake from that provided by the highest restricted feeding treatment (29·4 MJ/day) to ad libitum resulted in marked differences between the sexes for performance and body composition.For males, raising digestible energy intake from 29·3 to 34·2 MJ/day improved the rate of live-weight gain and protein deposition by 0·15 and 0·10 respectively but had no further effect on food conversion ratio or body fat. The same increase in digestible energy intake for females improved growth rate by only 0·065, had no further effect on the rate of protein deposition but increased markedly food conversion ratio and body fat.

scholarly journals Time-Restricted Feeding in Commercial Layer Chickens Improves Egg Quality in Old Age and Points to Lack of Adipostat Activity in Chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganesan Saibaba ◽  
Mark Ruzal ◽  
Dima Shinder ◽  
Sara Yosefi ◽  
Shelly Druyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Visceral Fat Accumulation ◽  
Ad Libitum

In mammals, time-restricted feeding (TRF) with no caloric restriction provides health benefits and extends longevity, usually with a minor (∼3%) or no reduction in total food consumption. In the current study, a TRF regimen of 6 h free access to food (08:00–14:00 h) was applied to Leghorn chickens from 25 to 86 weeks of age; control birds ate freely during the light hours (06:00–20:00 h). Unexpectedly, the TRF-treated birds consumed, on average, 11.7% less food than the controls. This was manifested by an average reduction of 9.6% in body weight, 2.6-fold in visceral fat accumulation, and 6.5% in egg weight. Hen-housed egg production was reduced by 3.6% in the TRF group compared with the control, along the first 40 weeks of the follow-up (P < 0.05), and changed into a tendency of 0.7% higher egg production thereafter. Several parameters of egg quality showed significant improvement (P < 0.05) in the TRF group compared with the controls. A comparison of diurnal patterns of feed consumption revealed a higher rate of hourly consumption in the TRF group and increased consumption before dark in the control group. In conclusion, the reduced feed intake in response to the TRF treatment and loss in visceral fat accumulation supports the lack of a strong adipostat activity in chickens and different appetite regulation mechanisms compared with mammals. Therefore, future TRF studies in chickens should be adjusted by extending the ad libitum time window. The lower feed intake by the TRF-treated chickens compared with the ad libitum-fed controls seems to reduce the efficiency of egg production. Nevertheless, the improved egg quality and persistence of egg lay at the older age suggest that similarly to mammals, the TRF treatment delayed at least some of the negative impacts associated with advanced age.

Influence of feeding intensity on the growth, body composition and sexual maturity of male New Zealand White rabbits

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinga Fodor ◽  
L. Zöldág ◽  
S. Gy. Fekete ◽  
A. Bersényi ◽  
A. Gáspárdy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
The Body ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Feeding Intensity ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Average Body

An experiment was carried out with young male New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits to establish live body weight changes, body measurements, body composition and sexual maturity as a function of feeding intensity. Animals in Group 1 ('AL', n = 10) were fed ad libitum, while those in Group 2 ('RS', n = 10) received restricted feeding corresponding to 70% of the ad libitum level. The starting liveweights were practically the same (0.907 ± 0.146 and 0.911 ± 0.147 kg in Group AL and Group RS, respectively). The feeding trial lasted from 6 to 22 weeks of age. The average body weight was significantly higher in Group AL from 7 to 22 weeks of age. At 22 weeks of age the body weight of RS rabbits was 85.64% of the weight of AL animals (3.22 ± 0.52 kg and 3.76 ± 0.33 kg, respectively). Average body weights of RS males at 8, 9, 11, 19 and 21 weeks of age were similar to those of ad libitum fed (AL) animals at 7, 8, 10, 15 and 16 weeks of age, respectively. The growth of bucks fed restricted tended to be allometric. The most significant difference was found at 16 and 18 weeks of age, while the lowest difference occurred at 6, 12, 15 and 19 weeks of age. It can be stated that low-intensity feeding up to slaughtering weight causes backwardness in rear cannon length and this backwardness remains also after the 15th week, which is well over the optimal slaughtering age. Based on the present data, the 70% restricted feeding cannot be recommended either for the future breeding bucks or for broiler males reared for slaughter. To determine the major chemical components of the body, rabbits were euthanised. Original dry matter and crude fat content of the body significantly (P < 0.05) decreased under restricted feeding (41.42%; 32.48% and 16.73%; 7.35%) while the percentage of protein within the dry matter increased (49.6%; 65.0%) and fat decreased (40.17%; 22.1%) significantly. Libido unambiguously decreases as a consequence of feed deprivation. The most conspicuous difference was found in the level of blood testosterone. Although a few RS bucks produced semen but only much later than the rabbits fed ad libitum. On the other hand, there was no difference in the motility of spermatozoa and ejaculate volume in comparison with AL animals. There was no relationship between the body fat content and the reproductive status of bucks in the present trial.

scholarly journals Reproductive Performance of Japanese Quail Hens (Coturnixcoturnix japonica) Fed with Feed Restriction Regimes during Growth Period

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
R T Hertamawati ◽  
Suyadi . ◽  
E Soedjarwo ◽  
O Sjofjan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Reproductive Organ ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Ad Libitum

Reproductive performance of quail hens (Coturnixcoturnix japonica) at sexual maturity was evaluated following two feeding restriction programs (100%, 90% and 80% of ad libitum) and energy metabolism (EM) of ration: 2900 Kcal/kg and 2800 Kcal/kg) between 2 weeks and 5 weeks of age with five replicates of 10 chicks per replicate. Body weight and feed conversion were measured weekly during feed restriction. After experimental feeding treatment, age at first egg, BW, egg weight, development of reproductive organ on sexual maturity were evaluated of one hen’s quail per treatment. The results of the experiment indicated that the restricted feeding until 80% of ad libitum was consequently (p 0.01) delayed sexual maturity and influence the development of the reproductive organ. However, it did not show significant influence on the body weight of the first-laid egg and initial egg production. Restricted feeding at 90% of ad libitum and EM ration 2900 Kcal/kg showed the best results for quail feed management during growth.

scholarly journals Cholesterol Oxidation Products (COPs) in Ruminant Meat: A Biological and Pathological Approach: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafid Nadia
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Reproductive Organ ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cholesterol Oxidation ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
The Brain

Reproductive performance of quail hens (Coturnixcoturnix japonica) at sexual maturity was evaluated following two feeding restriction programs (100%, 90% and 80% of ad libitum) and energy metabolism (EM) of ration: 2900 Kcal/kg and 2800 Kcal/kg) between 2 weeks and 5 weeks of age with five replicates of 10 chicks per replicate. Body weight and feed conversion were measured weekly during feed restriction. After experimental feeding treatment, age at first egg, BW, egg weight, development of reproductive organ on sexual maturity were evaluated of one hen’s quail per treatment. The results of the experiment indicated that the restricted feeding until 80% of ad libitum was consequently (p less than 0.01) delayed sexual maturity and influence the development of the reproductive organ. However, it did not show significant influence on the body weight of the first-laid egg and initial egg production. Restricted feeding at 90% of ad libitum and EM ration 2900 Kcal/kg showed the best results for quail feed management during growthNutrition is a basic human need and a prerequisite to a healthy life. Since it is bonded with food, it is essential to advocate nutrition in terms of food. A proper diet is important from the very early stages (gestation period) of life for proper growth and development. Neuronutrition portrays how food affects the brain and its function. Brain is where the performances begin and end. It monitors and controls all the energy metabolism of the body and it never stops working. Neuronutrition is the nutrition needed to achieve healthy brain and good neurocognitive function. Dietary manipulations are a viable strategy for enhancing cognitive abilities and protecting the brain from damage. No single food is key to good brain health but rather a combination of food. Neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, mental fatigue, and memory problems are prevalent across the world, and this opens the door to provide tailormade products which cater to consumer's desire for better neuronutrition.

Restricted feeding of egg-strain chickens during growth and throughout an extended laying period

1978 ◽  
Vol 18 (94) ◽  
pp. 658 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Robinson ◽  
G Horsnell ◽  
PJ McMahon
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Mortality Cost ◽  
Feeding Regimes ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Access To Food ◽  
Ad Libitum Feeding

White Leghorn x Australorp crossbred pullets were either fed ad libitum or given restricted access to food from 8 to 20 weeks of age. Birds from each of these rearing treatments were thereafter distributed among five feeding regimes: ad libitum and four allowances representing reductions of 3, 6, 12 and 24 per cent of the food intake of the birds fed ad libitum throughout life. Biological and economic performance data were examined for the rearing period and for three periods of lay terminating at 66, 78 and 90 weeks of age. From 8 to 20 weeks of age the restrictively reared pullets ate 30.5 per cent less food, suffered 1.7 per cent higher mortality, cost 19 cents per bird less to rear and were 20.5 per cent lighter in weight at 20 weeks than the pullets fed ad libitum. Compared with ad libitum feeding, restricted feeding in the rearing period gave higher values for hen-housed egg production and hen-housed gross margin when food intake in lay was restricted by 0, 3 and 6 per cent, and lower values for these criteria when food intake in lay was restricted by 12 and 24 per cent. Birds whose food intake was restricted by 6 per cent in the laying period laid about 25 more eggs to 90 weeks of age than birds fed ad libitum in lay. Optimum slaughter time (age at which average gross margin per week was maximized) was at about week 90 for the ad libitum/12 per cent restriction and ad libitum/24 per cent restriction treatments, and between weeks 66 and 78 for all other treatments. The highest weekly average gross margin was achieved with the birds that were restrictively reared and restricted by 6 per cent throughout a laying period terminating at 78 weeks of age; at this stage their gross margin was $2.30 per bird higher than that of the birds fed ad libitum throughout life

scholarly journals Respon Produksi Telur Puyuh (Coturnix Coturnix Japonica) dengan Pembatasan Pakan secara Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif pada Saat Pertumbuhan

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Tri Hertamawati ◽  
Edhy Sudjarwo ◽  
Osfar Sjofjan ◽  
Suyadi Suyadi
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Coturnix Coturnix ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Early Production ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
And Performance

Production responses of laying quails fed with restricted feeding during rearing were measured in four trials. The research was an experimental observation applying Nested Complete Randomized Design. An experiment using 300 fourteen days old quails. The quails maintained under two feeding restriction programs feeding allotted to 2 dietary regimes, qualitative restricted feeding are Metabolize Energy (ME) R1= 2900 kcal/kg; R2 = 2800 kcal/kg and quantitative restricted feeding; P0 = 100% of ad libitum; P1 = 90% of ad libitum and P2 = 80% of ad libitum (n= 300). Each group (n= 50) has five replicates containing 10 birds each. Restricted feeding treatment is done for fourteen days old quail until its sexual maturity. After its sexual maturity, the feeding is given in ad libitum. Observation is conducted for the feed energy and protein consumption, and performance of egg production. The results of experiment indicate that the restricted feeding consequently significant influenced (P<0.01) on the protein and energy feed consumption. Restricted feeding until 90% ad libitum showed similar egg production with ad libitum treatment and decrease in feed conversion at the early production. Metabolize energy of ration does not have a significant effect to egg production with the result that a feed restriction of 90% ad libitum and EM feed of 2900 Kcal / kg can be applied during the starter period.

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