scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Calcium Levels During the Brooding, Rearing, and Early Laying Period on Feed Intake, Egg Production, and Shell Quality of White Leghorn Hens

1981 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.M.G. HAMILTON ◽  
J.D. CIPERA
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Dietary Calcium ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Shell Quality

Influence of high calcium rearing diets, Christmas Island phosphate and ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid on the laying performance of White Leghorn × Australorp hens

1977 ◽  
Vol 17 (89) ◽  
pp. 944
Author(s):  
H Karunajeewa
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Shell Quality ◽  
Christmas Island ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Reduced Rate

White Leghorn x Australorp pullets were reared on diets with either low (0.91-1.12 per cent) or high (1.45-1.93 per cent) levels of calcium; in the laying phase pullets from each rearing regime were fed diets with either sterilized bone meal or Christmas Island phosphate as sources of supplemental phosphorus. Each of these layer diets was supplemented with 0, 300 or 500 p.p.m. of EDTA. The level of calcium in the rearing diets had no significant effect on liveweight, feed intake or mortality of the pullets during either the rearing or laying phases. High calcium starter and grower diets, however, reduced rate of lay by 2.1 per cent (P < 0.05) and efficiency of feed conversion by 3.7 per cent (P < 0.01). There was also a non-significant tendency to lower shell thickness. The inclusion of 2.5 per cent Christmas Island phosphate in the laying diet, resulting in a daily intake of 46 mg of fluorine per hen, decreased rate of lay by 2.2 per cent (P < 0.05), hen-housed egg production by 11 eggs (P < 0.05) and efficiency of feed conversion by 5.0 per cent (P < 0.01). The addition of 300 p.p.m. EDTA to the laying diet significantly (P < 0.01) improved efficiency of feed conversion by 4.7 per cent. Neither the source of phosphorus nor the dietary level of EDTA had any significant effects on liveweight, egg weight, feed intake, shell quality or mortality.

UTILIZATION OF CALCIUM IN CANOLA MEAL SUPPLEMENTED LAYING DIETS

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 1315-1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN D. SUMMERS ◽  
DIANE SPRATT ◽  
STEVE LEESON
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Phytic Acid ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Dietary Calcium ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Shell Quality ◽  
High Calcium

White Leghorn pullets were offered a corn, soybean meal laying diet or similar diets containing 15% canola meal. These diets were fed with dietary calcium levels of 3 and 5% and two levels of supplemental phytic acid (0 and 0.2%). A significant decrease in feed intake was noted with the canola meal diets. Poorer shell quality was noted for the canola versus the soybean meal diets, the low vs. high calcium diets and the phytic acid supplemented vs. nonphytic acid supplemented diet. Key words: Canola meal, laying hens, phytic acid, calcium

scholarly journals Metabolizable energy levels for semi-heavy laying hens at the second production cycle

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 857-862
Author(s):  
Fernando Guilherme Perazzo Costa ◽  
Janaine Sena da Costa ◽  
Cláudia de Castro Goulart ◽  
Denise Fontana Figueiredo-Lima ◽  
Raul da Cunha Lima Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Level ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Feed Conversion

This study was carried out to evaluate the energy levels in the diet to obtain better performance rates and quality of eggs from laying hens in the second production cycle. One hundred and eighty Bovans Goldline laying hens with 62 weeks of age were used during four 28-day periods. A completely randomized experimental design was used with four metabolizable energy levels (2,650, 2,725, 2,800, 2,875 and 2,950 kcal/kg), each with six replicates of six birds. The energy level of diet did not affect the weight of the egg, yolk, albumen and eggshell, the percentages of yolk, albumen and eggshell, yolk color and egg specific gravity. Feed intake, egg production, egg mass and feed conversion per egg mass and per dozen eggs increased significantly with increasing levels of metabolizable energy. Feed intake decreased linearly as the energy level in the diet increased. The metabolizable energy levels showed a quadratic effect on egg production, egg mass and feed conversion per egg mass and per dozen eggs. The metabolizable energy level of 2,830 kcal/kg was the most appropriate to promote better performance and quality of eggs from laying hens in the second production cycle.

scholarly journals Influencia del hidrolizado de proteínas en el comportamiento bioproductivo en gallinas de la línea L1 White Leghorn

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Colas ◽  
Edmundo Oliver Pérez ◽  
Yanet Támbara
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Nutritional Supplement ◽  
Protein Hydrolysates ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Light Line ◽  
Mass Conversion

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of protein hydrolysates (PH), as a nutritional supplement, in the bioproduction performance of White Leghorn hens. Thirty-nine-week old light line hens were assessed during six weeks. Two treatments (T) were designed involving 320 hens each (three replications of 40 hens each). In T1, each bird received 2 ml of PH daily; the birds in T2 were not offered the product. The following variables were controlled: bioproduction (total egg production, egg-laying percentage, total feed intake, mass conversion, viability, and caused mortality); incubation indicators (eggs to plant, incubation percentage, hatchability, and top quality chicks) and; quality (feed intake by top quality chicks, and top quality chicks per hen). The hens that received the PH showed significant differences in the laying, incubation, and hatchability percentage, as well as mass conversion, and the egg to plant ratio. They showed better performance in quality indicators. It is concluded that the use of PH in light line hens improves their bioproduction performance, as well as the indicators of to incubation, egg to plant ratio, and hatchability; its use also reduces by approximately 100 grams the necessary food intake to obtain top quality chicks.

THE EFFECT OF GRADED LEVELS OF NICARBAZIN ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF LAYING HENS

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 757-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. LEESON ◽  
L. J. CASTON ◽  
J. D. SUMMERS
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Visual Loss ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Marked Effect ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Egg Shell

Three experiments were undertaken to investigate the coccidiostat, nicarbazin, on reproductive performance of layers. In trial 1, levels of 0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 125, and 200 ppm nicarbazin were fed to White leghorn laying hens for 5 wk. By the 2nd week of nicarbazin treatment, egg production was significantly reduced in birds fed 125 and 200 ppm (P < 0.05). Similarly, increasing levels of nicarbazin resulted in decreasing egg weights (P < 0.01) and feed intake was significantly decreased. However, by the 2nd week post-nicarbazin treatment, egg production, egg weight, and feed intake had returned to normal. Nicarbazin had no effect on egg shell deformation or body weight. Nicarbazin had a marked effect on hatchability; levels of 125 and 200 ppm reduced hatchability significantly (P < 0.01) as well as producing an increased incidence of malpositions and malformations. When nicarbazin was withdrawn from the diet, hatchability returned to pretreatment values although malpositions and malformations were still in evidence. Experiments 2 and 3 were designed to study the effect of nicarbazin on production of brown-shelled eggs. In the 2nd experiment 0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 ppm of dietary nicarbazin resulted in significant loss of shell color at 20 and 40 ppm, whereas in exp. 3 with levels of 0, 80, 125, and 200 ppm, brown eggs lost virtually all their color. It is concluded that the adult White Leghorn bird can tolerate up to 125 ppm nicarbazin without significant (P < 0.01) loss of reproductive performance although lower levels show a trend for reduced production. Hatchability is depressed with nicarbazin levels in excess of 80 ppm, while trace levels will produce a visual loss of color in brown-shelled eggs. Key words: Layer, coccidiostat, reproductive performance

STUDIES ON THE USE OF FABA BEANS IN RATIONS FOR LAYING HENS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. ROBBLEE ◽  
D. R. CLANDININ ◽  
R. T. HARDIN ◽  
G. R. MILNE ◽  
K. DARLINGTON
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Considerable Decrease ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Faba Beans

In two experiments, White Leghorn pullets kept in batteries were fed rations containing 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 or 30% raw faba beans (Vicia faba L.) for 336 days. The rations were designed to be isocaloric, isonitrogenous and to have equal levels of methionine plus cystine. The results obtained indicated that levels up to and including 20% faba beans in ration ssupplemented with methionine had no adverse effect on mortality, rate of egg production, efficiency of feed conversion or body weight. A level of 30% faba beans resulted in increased mortality, and decreased egg production and feed conversion in one experiment but had no effect in the other. Egg size tended to decrease as the level of faba beans in the ration increased, resulting in a considerable decrease in the percentage of "large size" eggs graded according to Canadian standards. There was an increase in interior quality of the eggs as measured by Haugh units as the level of faba beans used increased. Specific gravity of the eggs was not affected by use of faba beans in the rations.

Intermittent lighting and dietary sodium bicarbonate supplementation for laying hens at high temperatures

1998 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 279 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Balnave ◽  
S. K. Muheereza
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Breaking Strength ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Shell Quality ◽  
Egg Shell ◽  
Lighting Regimen

Point-of-lay pullets were housed in 2 temperature-controlled rooms maintained at a constant 32°C with either a conventional 16 h light : 8 h dark (16L : 8D) or an intermittent 3L : 1D lighting regimen. They were fed either a conventional layer diet (12·0 MJ of ME and 199 g crude protein/kg) or this diet supplemented with 1% sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). Production and egg shell quality measurements were made at 8-week intervals from 22 to 62 weeks of age. All measures were influenced by age. The 3L : 1D regimen significantly increased feed intake (P < 0·001), weight gain (P < 0·01), egg weight (P < 0·001), egg shell breaking strength (P < 0·001), and shell thickness (P < 0·01). Significant age×light interactions were observed for feed intake, egg production, and egg mass. Hens in the 3L : 1D regimen ate significantly (P < 0·001) more food and produced significantly (P < 0·01) greater egg mass to 46 weeks of age. No significant differences were observed after 46 weeks. Although not significant, NaHCO3 consistently improved shell breaking strength. The response was small in the 16L : 8D regimen (3%) compared with the 3L : 1D environment (7%), the latter being additional to the 14% improvement resulting from the use of the 3L : 1D regimen. The results indicate advantages from the use of intermittent lighting and dietary NaHCO3 supplementation at high temperatures.

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