scholarly journals Observations on The Relationship Between Non-Destructive Egg Shell Deformation and Resistance to Fracture by Quasi-Static Compression for Measurement of Egg Shell Strength

1977 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 1463-1467 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER W. VOISEY ◽  
R.M.G. HAMILTON
Keyword(s):  
Static Compression ◽  
Shell Deformation ◽  
Egg Shell ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Quasi Static Compression

scholarly journals The Effect of Hen Breeds on the Egg Response to the Non Destructive Impact

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 1191-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivo Křivánek ◽  
Ladislav Máchal ◽  
Lukáš Tunka
Keyword(s):  
Rhode Island ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
Measured Frequency Response ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Dynamic Resonance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Quasi Static Compression

The paper deals with the evaluation of the effect of hen breed on the egg response to the non-destructive impact. The eggs of four hen breeds (Leghorn White, Rhode Island Red, Bar Plymouth Rock and Sussex Light) were tested. An experimental system was set up to generate the impact force, measure the response wave signal, and analyse the frequency spectrum in the three direction of loading (sharp end, equator, blunt end). The egg dynamic resonance frequency was obtained through the analysis of the dynamically measured frequency response of an egg excited by light impact of a bar. The results showed that the dominant frequency was significantly affected by the hen bread and not significantly affected by excitation velocity. The dominant frequency enables to estimate the eggshell strength under quasi static compression.

scholarly journals On the relationship between force reduction, loading rate and energy absorption in athletics tracks

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Andena ◽  
Antonio Ciancio ◽  
Francesco Briatico-Vangosa ◽  
Stefano Mariani ◽  
Andrea Pavan
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Stored Energy ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
Track Geometry ◽  
Force Reduction ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Quasi Static Compression

In this work, finite element simulations of typical sports surfaces were performed to evaluate parameters, such as the loading rate and the energy absorbed by the surface, in relation to its characteristics (surface structure and material properties). Hence, possible relations between these quantities and the standard parameters used to characterize the shock absorbing characteristics of the athletics track (in particular, its force reduction) were investigated. The samples selected for this study were two common athletics tracks and a sheet of natural rubber. They were first characterized by quasi-static compression tests; their mechanical properties were extrapolated to the strain rate of interest and their dependence on the level of deformation was modelled with hyperelastic constitutive equations. Numerical simulations were carried out for varying sample thicknesses to understand the influence of track geometry on force reduction, loading rate and stored energy. A very good correlation was found between force reduction and the other relevant parameters, with the exception of the loading rate at the beginning of the impact.

scholarly journals System for Visualizing Surface Potential Distribution to Eliminate Electrostatic Charge

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 4397
Author(s):  
Kazuya Kikunaga
Keyword(s):  
Surface Potential ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Electrostatic Charge ◽  
Production Quality ◽  
Array Sensor ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Non Destructive

A mixture of positive and negative static charges exists in the same plane on an insulator surface, and this can cause production quality problems at manufacturing sites. This study developed a system with a vibration array sensor to rapidly measure the surface potential distribution of an object in a non-contact and non-destructive manner and with a high spatial resolution of 1 mm. The measurement accuracy differed greatly depending on the scanning speed of the array sensor, and an optimum scanning speed of 10 mm/s enabled rapid measurements (within <3 s) of the surface potential distribution of a charged insulator (area of 30 mm × 30 mm) with an accuracy of 15%. The relationship between charge and dust on the surface was clarified to easily visualize the uneven static charges present on it and thereby eliminate static electricity.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Strain and Stress Fields of Cardboard Box during Compression by 3D Digital Image Correlation

2010 ◽  
Vol 24-25 ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremie Viguié ◽  
P.J.J. Dumont ◽  
P. Vacher ◽  
Laurent Orgéas ◽  
I. Desloges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compression Strength ◽  
Compressive Loading ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Parallel Plates ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
3D Digital Image Correlation ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Semi Empirical ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Quasi Static Compression

Corrugated boards with small flutes appear as good alternatives to replace packaging folding boards or plastic materials due their small thickness, possibility of easy recycling and biodegradability. Boxes made up of these materials have to withstand significant compressive loading conditions during transport and storage. In order to evaluate their structural performance, the box compression test is the most currently performed experiment. It consists in compressing an empty container between two parallel plates at constant velocity. Usually it is observed that buckling phenomena are localized in the box panels, which bulge out during compression [1]. At the maximum recorded compression force, the deformation localises around the box corners where creases nucleate and propagate. This maximum force is defined as the quasi-static compression strength of the box. The prediction of such strength is the main topic of interest of past and current research works. For example, the box compression behaviour of boxes was studied by Mc Kee et al. [2] and Urbanik [3], who defined semi-empirical formula to predict the box compression strength, as well as by Beldie et al. [4] and Biancolini et al. [5] by finite element simulations. But comparisons of these models with experimental results remain rather scarce and limited.

scholarly journals Phenotyping plants: genes, phenes and machines

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Pieruschka ◽  
Hendrik Poorter
Keyword(s):  
Structural Information ◽  
Plant Phenotyping ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Major Progress ◽  
Meaningful Data

No matter how fascinating the discoveries in the field of molecular biology are, in the end it is the phenotype that matters. In this paper we pay attention to various aspects of plant phenotyping. The challenges to unravel the relationship between genotype and phenotype are discussed, as well as the case where ‘plants do not have a phenotype’. More emphasis has to be placed on automation to match the increased output in the molecular sciences with analysis of relevant traits under laboratory, greenhouse and field conditions. Currently, non-destructive measurements with cameras are becoming widely used to assess plant structural properties, but a wider range of non-invasive approaches and evaluation tools has to be developed to combine physiologically meaningful data with structural information of plants. Another field requiring major progress is the handling and processing of data. A better e-infrastructure will enable easier establishment of links between phenotypic traits and genetic data. In the final part of this paper we briefly introduce the range of contributions that form the core of a special issue of this journal on plant phenotyping.

Experimental and theoretical study of sandwich composites with Z-pins under quasi-static compression loading

2021 ◽  
pp. 136943322110073
Author(s):  
Erdem Selver ◽  
Gaye Kaya ◽  
Hussein Dalfi
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Ester ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Sandwich Composites ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Compressive Properties ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
Quasi Static Compression ◽  
Good Agreement

This study aims to enhance the compressive properties of sandwich composites containing extruded polystyrene (XPS) foam core and glass or carbon face materials by using carbon/vinyl ester and glass/vinyl ester composite Z-pins. The composite pins were inserted into foam cores at two different densities (15 and 30 mm). Compression test results showed that compressive strength, modulus and loads of the sandwich composites significantly increased after using composite Z-pins. Sandwich composites with 15 mm pin densities exhibited higher compressive properties than that of 30 mm pin densities. The pin type played a critical role whilst carbon pin reinforced sandwich composites had higher compressive properties compared to glass pin reinforced sandwich composites. Finite element analysis (FE) using Abaqus software has been established in this study to verify the experimental results. Experimental and numerical results based on the capabilities of the sandwich composites to capture the mechanical behaviour and the damage failure modes were conducted and showed a good agreement between them.

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