scholarly journals The Ability of Blood Plasma from Drinking Water Vaccinated Turkeys to Protect Against a Lethal Challenge of Pasteurella multocida

1975 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 2091-2093 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.W. Bierer ◽  
W.T. Derieux
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Lethal Challenge

scholarly journals Evaluation of the clinical efficacy of a water soluble formulation of tylvalosin in the control of enzootic pneumonia associated with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida in pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Lopez Rodriguez ◽  
Anna Catharina Berge ◽  
Cliff Ramage ◽  
Ryan Saltzman ◽  
Rickie J. Domangue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae ◽  
Lung Lesion ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Enzootic Pneumonia ◽  
Challenge Study ◽  
Lower Lung ◽  
Clinical Cases

Abstract Background The efficacy of a water soluble formulation of tylvalosin (Aivlosin® 625 mg/g granules) was evaluated in the treatment and metaphylaxis of Enzootic Pneumonia (EP) in pigs. In all four trials, pigs in the tylvalosin group were administered 10 mg tylvalosin/kg bodyweight in drinking water daily for 5 consecutive days (TVN). In a single-challenge study, pigs were inoculated with lung homogenate containing Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. In a dual challenge study, pigs were sequentially inoculated with pure culture of M. hyopneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida. Efficacy was evaluated based on reduction of lung lesions compared to unmedicated control pigs (CTL). In two field studies at European commercial farms with confirmed outbreaks of EP, treatment efficacy in clinically affected fatteners was evaluated based on improved clinical conditions compared to pigs treated with tylosin at 10 mg/kg by injection for 3 consecutive days (TYL). In these field trials, healthy in contact pigs were enrolled for metaphylaxis efficacy evaluation based on reduction in incidence of new clinical cases of respiratory disease compared to unmedicated pigs (CTL). Results In the M. hyopneumoniae-only challenge study, pigs in TVN group had lower lung lesion scores than CTL (6.52 vs. 14.97; p <  0.001). In the dual challenge study with M. hyopneumoniae and P. multocida, pigs in TVN group had lower lung lesion scores than CTL (3.32 vs. 8.37; p <  0.01) and the recovery of both challenge bacteria from the lungs was lower in TVN compared with CTL group (p <  0.01). In field outbreaks of EP, multicentre analysis showed that 13 days after the start of medication, treatment success for TVN pigs was significantly better than for TYL pigs (80.0% vs 48.7% p = 0.03) and metaphylactic administration of TVN significantly reduced the incidence of new clinical cases (2.1% vs. 7.8%; p <  0.01) compared with unmedicated controls. Conclusions Tylvalosin at 10 mg/kg daily for 5 days in drinking water was safe and effective in the treatment and metaphylaxis of EP in pigs associated with infections of M. hyopneumoniae either alone or in combination with P. multocida under both experimental challenge and field natural infection conditions.

scholarly journals What Matters in Piglets’ Exposure to Antibiotics Administered through Drinking Water?

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1067
Author(s):  
Malika Chassan ◽  
Anne Hémonic ◽  
Didier Concordet
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Drug Concentration ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Consumption Behavior ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Simulations

A number of drugs are given in drinking water in piglet farming, although this way of administering drugs leads to significant and uncontrolled variability in exposures. Three main explanations for this variability have been described in the literature: (1) the drinking behavior of animals, (2) the drug concentration in water, and (3) the inter-individual variability in the pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters. This article assesses the relative importance of these three sources of exposure variability for doxycycline and amoxicillin using pharmacokinetic simulations and by observing watering behavior, and analyzes the consequences of this exposure variability. The water consumption behavior was by far the most important factor as it led to a variation in exposures of up to a factor of 7 between piglets. The second most influential factor was the drug concentration in the drinking water with variations ranging from −43.3% to +48.7% at the beginning and the end of the pipeline. Finally, the between-individual variation in PK parameters depends on the drug, but had a low impact on exposure variability. In the most variable case (doxycycline), the mean ratio between the 10% less exposed and the 10% most exposed piglets varied from 3.7 without PK parameters variability to 6 with PK variability. For both drugs, this study also showed that only a small percentage of the piglets (36%) could be considered as well exposed in case of infection by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae or Pasteurella multocida. There may be some existing technical ways to reduce this important variability. However, their cost and ease of implementation merit examination.

Halogenated hydrocarbons in New Orleans drinking water and blood plasma

Science ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 187 (4171) ◽  
pp. 75-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Dowty ◽  
D Carlisle ◽  
J. Laseter ◽  
J Storer
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
New Orleans ◽  
Halogenated Hydrocarbons

Effect of salt water ingestion on pregnancy in the ewe and on lamb survival

1974 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 909 ◽  
Author(s):  
BJ Potter ◽  
GH McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Water Ingestion ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium ◽  
Pregnant State ◽  
Homeostatic Mechanisms

The addition ot sodium chloride, to provide concentrations of 1.0 and 1.3?, to the drinking water of pregnant ewes caused distress at parturition to some of the ewes and neonatal mortalities in their lambs. The effects were more evident in older sheep (aged 7 years) than in younger (3-year-old) animals and were associated, in general, with ewes which carried twin lambs. Progesterone levels in the blood plasma of sheep were higher in twin-bearing ewes than in ewes with single lambs, both for control ewes drinking fresh water and for ewes drinking saline. Drinking 1.3% saline augmented the increase in progesterone levels in older ewes bearing twins. Cortisol levels were normal in all ewes.Plasma levels of potassium and chloride were significantly higher and calcium and magnesium levels lower in pregnant ewes which received saline.It is suggested that the adverse effects of salt water ingestion in twin-bearing pregnant ewes could be due to an excessive retention of potassium and chloride, brought about by a disturbance of normal sodium homeostatic mechanisms associated with the pregnant state of the animals.

scholarly journals Control of Pasteurella multocida infections in a small rabbit colony

1974 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Plant
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Pregnant Females

Clinical pasteurellosis was eliminated by administration of sulphamezathine in the drinking water (0·13%) to pregnant females for 4 days before the expected date of parturition.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document