scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Energy and Protein Level on Growth and Feed Conversion of Turkeys from 8 to 16 Weeks of Age

1957 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 824-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.D. Carter ◽  
J.W. Wyne ◽  
H. Yacowitz
Keyword(s):  
Protein Level ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Feed Conversion

scholarly journals Growth Performance of Clarias gariepinus on the Basis of Formulated Feed Supply

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Jay Narayan Shrestha ◽  
Prabha Niraula
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Formulated Feed ◽  
Crude Protein Level

 Best diet of the fish is the sole of production of aquaculture. Growth performance of Clarias gariepinus on the basis of formulated feed supply was carried out from 7th March to 6th May, 2019 in the laboratory of P.G.Campus, Biratnagar in which 130 juveniles (each of 10±0.11 g.) of catfish were cultured in 13 aquaria feeding with treatment diets having crude protein level 35%, 40%, 45% and 50% for treatment and commercial diet for control. There are no significant differences between the water quality parameters and body weight gain (p>0.05) in all treatments. The highest body weight gain (7.31±0.11 g; 65.20%) and SGR (13.051±1.15 g) was observed in fish fed with T C (45% protein level). This value was lowered than value of control(C) i.e. 7.59±0 g; 69.88% and 13.55±0 g respectively. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was best (13.28±1.89 g) in T D (50% protein level feed). Its value was larger (7.52±1.11 g) in T C than C (7.15±0 g). Mortality rate was highest in T C and C i.e. 30% and lowest in T A and T B i.e. 23.33%. Weight gain of the fish increased with increasing protein level in diet till crude protein level 45% then it was dropped at the diet with protein level 50%. The best weight gain was observed in 7th week having crude protein level 45%. The diet with protein level 45% is suggested for farmers concerning the fish (Clarias gariepinus) in the aquaculture.

scholarly journals TINGKAT KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP DAN RASIO KONVERSI PAKAN PADA BUDIDAYA IKAN GURAMI (Osphronemus goramy LAC.) DENGAN SISTEM BIOFLOK DAN PEMBERIAN PAKAN KADAR PROTEIN YANG BERBEDA

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Retno Wijayanti ◽  
Muarif Muarif ◽  
Dudi Lesmana
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Artificial Feeding ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

This research was carried out on March to August, 2018, and the experiment on April to June, 2018 at the Fishery Laboratory, Djuanda University Bogor. The objective of research is to know and analyze the survival rate and feed conversion ratio of Giant Gouramy that cultured on biofloc media and different protein levels. The experimental design that used is completely randomized design   with 2 treatments   and 6 replications.  The treatments are  treatment A (feeding of protein level  of 17% + mollase addition  with C,/N  ratio 12) and treatment B (feeding of protein  level  of  30%  without  mollase)  Fish that used is Giant Gouramy fry with length 5-7 cm that maintained cylinder container of diameter 1 m and height 1 m. The results of research that the artificial feeding of protein level of 17% + mollase addition with C/N ratio 12 gives the survival rate which is better, but the feed conversion ratio is bad. The average of the highest survival rate of Giant Gouramy is 89% (treatment A) and the low feed conversion ratio is 1.6 (treatment B). Water  quality during the research are temperature  of  23,6-30,0 °C, dissolved oxygen of 6.4- 8.8 mg/l and  pH of 6,3-8,8.Key words: Giant Gouramy, biofloc, feed conversion ratio, protein level.

scholarly journals The effect of dietary energy and protein level on feather, skin and nodule growth of the ostrich (Struthio camelus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tertuis S. Brand ◽  
Werne J. Kritzinger ◽  
Daniel A. van der Merwe ◽  
Anieka Muller ◽  
Johannes P. van der Westhuyzen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Level ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Struthio Camelus ◽  
Nodule Growth

PERFORMANCE, CARCASS COMPOSITION, AND FAT COMPOSITION OF BOARS, GILTS, AND BARROWS FED TWO LEVELS OF PROTEIN

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. NEWELL ◽  
J. P. BOWLAND
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi Muscle ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Dietary Protein Level

Forty-eight pigs, 16 each of boars, barrows, and gilts, were allotted at an average age of 41 days to two treatment groups based on dietary protein level, either 18% protein throughout or 16% protein in the growing period (start to 50 kg) and 13% protein in the finishing period (50–90 kg). Feed intake during the growing period was influenced by sex with boars eating less (P < 0.05) than barrows. No significant differences in feed intake were observed for the overall experiment but the trend established in the growing period still existed. In the overall experiment sex did not influence rate of gain, which averaged 0.72 kg/day. Higher dietary protein level improved (P < 0.01) gain in comparison with the lower levels. A significant interaction existed between sex and protein, boars responding more to high protein than barrows, and gilts being intermediate. Feed conversion was influenced (P < 0.05) by sex and protein level, boars being superior to barrows or gilts and pigs fed the higher protein diet (3.16 kg feed per kg gain) superior to those fed the lower protein diet (3.36 kg feed per kg gain). Barrows dressed 79.6% and gilts 79.3% both higher (P < 0.01) than boars, which dressed 75.9%. Boars had a grade index of 102.6 and gilts 101.4, both of which were higher (P < 0.01) than barrows with 97.9. Other carcass measurements generally ranked the sexes in order of superiority as boars, gilts, and barrows. Boar carcasses had more muscle and less fat (P < 0.01) than barrows, gilts being intermediate. Dietary protein level did not significantly influence carcass composition. Six muscles were analyzed for protein, fat, and ash. No significant differences between sexes were found, but higher protein level increased (P < 0.05) the percentage protein in the longissimus dorsi muscle. Fatty acid analyses of backfat showed no significant differences except in linoleic and linolenic acids, for which boars and gilts had higher percentages than barrows. Detectable sexual odor on cooking was judged to be present in 56% of boar carcasses. If procedures to eliminate sexual odor can be developed, boars offer promise as market animals, particularly if they are fed relatively high protein diets.

Responses to variations in dietary energy intakes by growing pigs 2. The effects on feed conversion efficiency of changes in level of intake above maintenance

1972 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Davies ◽  
I. A. M. Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Research Council

SUMMARYAllowances of about 1·4M, 1·8M, 2·2M, 2·6M, 3·OM, and 3·4M (M = feed required for maintenance) were compared for pigs growing over the live-weight ranges 20·40, 40·60, 60·80, and 80·100 kg, with feed conversion efficiency (FCE) as the main response criterion.Response to increased digestible energy (DE) allowance was curvilinear; FCE improved rapidly up to 2·2M-2·6M, and changed much less with intakes above 2·6M. It is concluded that optimum FCE occurs at about 2·7M for pigs of 30 kg and at about 3·OM for pigs of 50, 70 and 90 kg.Allowances of dietary DE suggested by the Agricultural Research Council correspond to 2·56M, 2·95M, 3·04M and 3·08M for pigs of 30, 50, 70 and 90 kg live weight, respectively. It appears that these are near to the optima in promoting the best FCE.Changes of −25%, −15%, −5%, +5% and +15% in daily intake around the optimum levels caused FCE to deteriorate by averages of about 13%, 4·5%, <1%, <1% and 4·5% respectively. Daily weight gains would then change by about −34%, −18%, −5%, +4% and +10%, respectively.

scholarly journals Effects of L-carnitine supplementation of diets differing in energy levels on performance, abdominal fat content, and yield and composition of edible meat of broilers

1998 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud H. Rabie ◽  
Mihály Szilágyi
Keyword(s):  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Carnitine Supplementation ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Different Levels

Responses to supplemental dietaryl-carnitine of broilers fed on diets with different levels of metabolizable energy (ME) were investigated using growth performance and some carcass measurements. Three isonitrogenous diets containing 13.5, 12.8 or 12.2 MJ ME/kg were formulated, with or without supplementall-carnitine (50mg/kg) and fedad libitumfrom 18 to 53 d of age. Supplementall-carnitine increased body-weight gain (BWG) and improved feed conversion (FC) during the first 2 weeks of study. FC was also improved during the fourth week of the experiment. Weights of breast yield and thigh meat yield were significantly increased, whereas quantity and percentage of abdominal fat were reduced by supplementall-carnitine. A significant interaction between supplemental dietaryl-carnitine and dietary energy level was noted for BWG and FC during the second week of study.

scholarly journals Performa Ayam Arab dengan Pemberian Energi-Protein pada Level Berbeda

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Windawati Alwi ◽  
Laily Agustina ◽  
Muhammad Zain Mide
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Optimal Feed ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Materials Used

This research aimed to determine the effect of different energy and protein level giving in Arabic chicken on feed consumption, egg production and feed conversion. The materials used for this experiment were 80 heads of arabic chicken 5 months age and maintained for 6 weeks (36 days). The method used was completely randomized design (CRD) which consists of 4 treatments and 10 replications that R1 (protein 15% and EM 2 500 Kcal), R2 (protein 16% and EM 2 600 Kcal), R3 (protein 17% and EM 2 700 Kcal) and R4 (protein 18% and EM 2 800 Kcal). Analysis of variance showed that treatment significantly (P<0.05) on feed consumption, egg production and feed conversion. It could be concluded that more increasing energy and protein, the higher egg production, feed consumption and generates optimal feed conversion. Energy and protein with a protein level of 18% and energy 2 800 Kcal kg-1 showed better performance.

THE EFFECT OF THE ESSENTIAL TO NONESSENTIAL AMINO ACID RATIO ON TURKEY PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS COMPOSITION

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 899-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. BEDFORD ◽  
J. D. SUMMERS
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Total Protein Intake

The effect of altering the proportion of dietary protein supplied as essential amino acids (EAA) on the performance and carcass characteristics of young turkeys (to 3 wk of age) was investigated at three dietary protein levels (22, 26 and 30%) using semipurified diets. Four ratios of EAA to nonessential amino acids (NEAA) were employed (70:30, 60:40, 50:50 and 40:60) at each dietary protein level. Maxima in weight gain, percent and total carcass protein and feed intake were observed when EAA supplied 60% of total protein (i.e., the 60:40 ratio) at each protein level. The differences in weight gain and total carcass protein were largely attributed to differences in feed intake, since feed conversion efficiency was relatively unaffected by altering the EAA: NEAA ratio. More specifically, weight gain was shown to be limited by total protein intake. Since weight gain was maximized at the 60:40 ratio diets (in which all EAA are supplied at 128% of requirement) at least one of the EAA requirement values is incorrect. Key words: Turkeys, essential amino acids, protein requirement

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