scholarly journals School Dropout Determinants in Rural Communities: The Effect of Poverty and Family Characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 19-32
Author(s):  
Andreea-Mihaela NITA ◽  
Gabriela MOTOI ◽  
Cristina ILIE GOGA
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
School Dropout ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Economic Marginalization ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
High Share

This article presents the results of a quantitative research in a Romanian rural community, which aimed to analyze how the socio-economic conditions and family type can influence the phenomenon of school dropout. The results of our research are also confirmed by the results of other specialized studies that highlight the fact that 1 in 2 children living in rural Romania are at risk of poverty and socio-economic marginalization. Or, poverty and socio-economic marginalization, to which we can add the family profile (especially the parents’ level of education), are the main determinants of the school dropout of children living in rural communities. In order to verify this hypothesis, our research was conducted on a sample of 363 people from a rural community in South-Western Romania, which is in line with the national demographic trends existing in the rural communities exposed to marginalization and poverty: a decreasing birth rate in the last 5 years, a high mortality (above county average), a negative natural growth, a high share of the illiterate, a high share of people whom children are facing difficulties in access to education etc.

scholarly journals Working with community researchers to enhance rural community engagement around Private Water Supplies: an exploration of the benefits and challenges

2020 ◽  
pp. 146879412097888
Author(s):  
Rachel Creaney ◽  
Mags Currie ◽  
Paul Teedon ◽  
Karin Helwig
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Community Engagement ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Duty Of Care ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Water Supplies ◽  
Employment Opportunities

This project employed community researchers as a means of improving community engagement around their Private Water Supplies (PWS) in rural Scotland. In this paper, we reflect on working with community researchers in terms of the benefits and challenges of the approach for future rural research that seeks to improve community engagement. The paper (1) critiques the involvement of community researchers for rural community engagement, drawing on the experiences in this project and (2) provides suggestions for good practice for working with community researchers in rural communities’ research. We offer some context in terms of the role of community members in research, the importance of PWS, our approach to community researchers, followed by the methodological approach and findings and our conclusions to highlight that community researchers can be beneficial for enhancing community engagement, employability, and social capital. Future community researcher approaches need to be fully funded to ensure core researchers can fulfil their duty of care, which should not stop when data collection is finished. Community researchers need to be supported in two main ways: as continuing faces of the project after the official project end date and to transfer their newly acquired skills to future employment opportunities.

scholarly journals Developing partnerships in a paradigm shift to achieve conservation reality in South Africa

Koedoe ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Els ◽  
J. Du P. Bothma
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Rural Community Development ◽  
The Social

In South Africa, communal rural community development has, for the most part, been viewed as an add-on, rather than as an integral value in the broad spectrum of conservation activities being practised in the country. This paper, therefore, argues for the reality-based adoption of an extension of existing conservation paradigms to incorporate the development of communal rural communities as an integral part of the overall wildlife conservation and management policy in South Africa. The answer to the seeming contradiction in the focus of wildlife conservation and rural development lies in the devel- opment of wildlife management programmes based on multi-disciplinary and multiinstitutional interaction, by also harnessing scientific knowledge and skills found in the social sciences. In this manner, the present largely lip service related to so-called com- munity participation in wildlife management can be changed into programmes which really achieve conservation-based community development enhancing survival for both the communities and their inherent natural resources.

scholarly journals School dropout among female learners in rural Mpumalanga, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Prince Mokoena ◽  
Adrian D. van Breda
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
High School ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
High School Dropout ◽  
School Dropout ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Secondary Schooling ◽  
Out Of School

South Africa, like many countries, has high numbers of learners who do not complete secondary schooling. This reduces these young people’s chances of finding work or of earning a better salary. It is thus important to understand the factors that contribute to high school dropout. In the study reported on here we investigated the factors that caused a number of female learners to drop out and return to high school in a rural community in Mpumalanga. The learners provided 3 reasons for dropping out of school: pregnancy, illness and immigration. The analysis of these factors suggests 3 underlying themes that influence the ability of children to remain in school, viz. health, policies and structures, and poverty. The implications of these and recommendations to address them are discussed. The authors argue that greater interdepartmental efforts are required to support vulnerable girls to remain in school.

scholarly journals Hypertension prevalence, associated factors, treatment, and control in rural Cameroon: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Pone Simo ◽  
Valirie Ndip Agbor ◽  
Jean Jacques Noubiap ◽  
Orlin Pagnol Nana ◽  
Pride Swiri-Muya Nkosu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertension Prevalence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension ◽  
And Control

Abstract Introduction: Sub-Saharan Africa is experiencing a surge in the burden of hypertension, and rural communities seem to be increasingly affected by the epidemic. Objectives: We aimed to determine the prevalence of hypertension, its associated factors, as well as its awareness, treatment, and control rates in rural communities of the Baham Health District (BHD), Cameroon.Design: A community-based cross-sectional study.Setting: Participants from five health areas in the BHD were recruited from August to October 2018.Participants: Consenting participants aged 18 years or older were included. Results: We included 526 participants in this study. The median age of the participants was 53.0 (IQR = 35 – 65) years and 67.1% were female. The prevalence of hypertension was 40.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 36.7 – 45.1) were hypertensive with no gender disparity. The overall age-standardised prevalence of hypertension was 23.9% (95% CI = 20.3 – 27.5). Five-year increase in age (adjusted odd’s ratio [AOR] = 1.34; 95% CI = 1.23 – 1.44), family history of hypertension (AOR = 2.22; 95% CI = 1.37 – 3.60), and obesity were associated with higher odds of hypertension (AOR = 2.57; 95% CI = 1.40 – 4.69).The rates of awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension were 37.2% (95% CI = 31.0 – 43.9), 20.9% (95% CI = 16.0 – 26.9), and 22.2% (95% CI = 15.2 – 46.5), respectively.Conclusion: The high hypertension prevalence in this rural community is associated with contrastingly low awareness, treatment, and control rates. Age, family history of hypertension, and obesity are the major drivers of hypertension in this community. Veracious policies are needed to improve awareness, prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and control of hypertension in this rural community.

scholarly journals Community capacity for creativity based rural development in a developing country. Case studies from Indonesia.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tubagus Furqon Sofhani ◽  
◽  
Fikri Zul Fahmi ◽  
Dika Fajri Fiisabiillah ◽  
Brigitta Sadnya Wulandari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Community Capacity ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Local Resources ◽  
Rural Economies ◽  
Actor Networks

This paper aims to investigate the extent to which a rural community develops a capacity to support the establishment of a local creative economy despite various limitations. This study employs qualitative research methods in examining two villages in Indonesia, namely Kasongan and Krebet. Our findings show that the community capacity and actor networks potentially spark the development of rural economies. Local communities in both cases have utilized cultures and traditions as creative capitals, which were commercialized through communal entrepreneurship and mobilized by an organized network of creative actors. Social values, namely a strong sense of belonging, high shared values and strong emotional connections, are found to be the key factors that foster creative potentials, entrepreneurial capacity, and capacity for mobilization of local resources within the rural communities

scholarly journals Microfinance as Employment Generation Tool (Case Study of Pakistan 2001-02 to 2010-11)

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 4506-4509
Author(s):  
Muhammad Saleh Memon ◽  
Mohammad Asif Channa ◽  
Izhar Ali Manganhar
Keyword(s):  
Rural Community ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Employment Generation ◽  
Economic Survey

The objective of this study is to know the contributions of Micro finance towards employment development through generating employment opportunities to the alit class of urban and rural community. For this purpose quantitative research techniques were used to collect the data. The data was collected through secondary sources from economic survey from 2011-12 and labor force survey 2010-2011 and from annual plans of Pakistan from 2001-02 to   2012-13. Mainly 8 to 10 micro finance banks and micro finance institutes and some NGOs are taken into study.  The results express the positive contributions of micro finance to the employment that leads to poverty reduction and improved living standard. In contrast micro finance through supporting the employment generates sustainable solutions of other economic problems like poverty, good education, better health etc. 

scholarly journals Práticas e saberes no ensino público superior no Recôncavo baiano

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Francisca Helena Marques ◽  
Jorge Luiz Ribeiro de Vasconcelos ◽  
Solon de Albuquerque Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Rural Environment ◽  
Public Higher Education ◽  
Teaching Research

In this article we will present three excerpts of the activities related to the Centro de Cultura, Linguagens e Tecnologias Aplicadas (CECULT/UFRB), through the performance of three professors of this Center (Francisca Helena Marques, Jorge Luiz Ribeiro de Vasconcelos and Solon de Albuquerque Mendes). All the activities have in common the concern for the process of bringing public higher education to the interior of the country and the insertion of knowledge from the rural environment, articulated through teaching, research and extension. It is noteworthy that CECULT has many students from rural communities in the municipalities of Recôncavo Baiano, and it is appropriate to deepen these practices and exchanges of knowledge that occur in the process of internalization of public higher education. We adopt a mixed methodological approach, involving aspects of experimental, bibliographical, phenomenological, qualitative, quantitative research. Regarding the results, we can observe more closely the profile of four students, and through this, build a more dialogic relationship between educators and students.

scholarly journals Local Institutional Role Analysis Of Economic Condition Of Multiethnic Rural Community In Bonegunu District North Buton Regency

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Zessy Ardinal Barlan
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Community Values ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Local Institution ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
Irrigation Channels

Indonesia is famous for its diverse ethnicity. This ethnic diversity affects the diversity of community values in building interactions. People build interaction one of them to meet the needs of his life, so that people in general use institutional as a container to interact with each other in accordance with prevailing norms and values. The most primary needs of the community is to meet the needs of food and board clothing. Institutions that meet this need are economic institutions. The formulation of the problem of this research are (1) How is local institution developing in multiethnic rural community in Bonegunu Sub-district of North Buton Regency ? (2) What is the economic condition of multiethnic rural community in Bonegunu Sub-district of North Buton Regency ? and (3) How is the Institutional Role local in improving the economy of multiethnic rural communities in Bonegunu Sub-district of North Buton Regency ? This research is a qualitative research with purposive informant selection technique. The result of this research is the local institution that developed in Bonegunu Sub-district that is Customary Institution. Bonegunu Sub-district generally has high potential of rice fields. However, this potential has not been utilized properly due to the absence of adequate irrigation channels. Therefore, people use social capital and kinship relationships that exist between them. In addition, the consensus is built between ethnic groups also make multiethnic communities can together to solve economic problems without losing their identity.Keywords: Ethnicity, Poverty, Social Capital---------------------------------ABSTRAKIndonesia terkenal dengan keragaman etnisnya. Keragaman etnis ini mempengaruhi keragaman nilai-nilai masyarakat dalam membangun interaksi. Orang membangun interaksi salah satunya untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya, sehingga orang pada umumnya menggunakan kelembagaan sebagai wadah untuk berinteraksi satu sama lain sesuai dengan norma dan nilai yang berlaku. Kebutuhan utama masyarakat adalah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan makanan, pakaian, dan papan. Lembaga yang memenuhi kebutuhan ini adalah lembaga ekonomi. Kabupaten Buton Utara merupakan kabupaten baru yang mekar dari kabupaten induknya yaitu kabupaten buton pada tahun 2007. Adanya kebijakan transmigrasi di Kabupaten Buton, membuat kabupaten ini memiliki masyarakat yang sangat heterogen. Terkait dengan keberagaman masyarakat Buton Utara akibat adanya kebijakan transmigrasi maka menarik untuk melihat bagaimana peran kelembagaan dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat? Merujuk hal tersebut, rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) Bagaimana institusi lokal berkembang di masyarakat pedesaan multietnis di Bonegunu Kecamatan Kabupaten Buton Utara?, (2) Bagaimana kondisi ekonomi masyarakat pedesaan multietnis di Kecamatan Bonegunu Kabupaten Buton Utara ?, dan (3) Bagaimana Peran Kelembagaan dalam meningkatkan ekonomi masyarakat pedesaan multietnis di Bonegunu Kecamatan Kabupaten Buton Utara ?. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pemilihan informan purposive. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah institusi lokal yang berkembang di Kecamatan Bonegunu yang merupakan Lembaga Adat. Kecamatan Bonegunu umumnya memiliki potensi sawah yang tinggi. Namun, potensi ini belum dimanfaatkan dengan baik karena tidak adanya saluran irigasi yang memadai. Karena itu, orang menggunakan modal sosial dan hubungan kekeluargaan yang ada di antara mereka. Selain itu, konsensus yang dibangun antar kelompok etnis juga membuat komunitas multietnis dapat bersama-sama memecahkan masalah ekonomi tanpa kehilangan identitasnya.Kata Kunci: Etnisitas, Kemiskinan, Modal Sosial

scholarly journals Catastrophe: Magic and History in Rural Madagascar

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Graeber
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
State Power ◽  
Coercive State

O ensaio trata do início de meu trabalho de campo, em 1990, em uma comunidade rural malgaxe, localizada a uma hora por carro da capital Antananarivo. A comunidade estava, naquela época, tomada por uma intensa guerra simbólica entre andriana – descendentes do que se pode chamar clã nobre – e mainty, descendentes dos ex-escravos daqueles. A luta ganhou ainda mais significado quando percebi que o estado malgaxe tinha, por vários interesses e propósitos, se retirado de comunidades rurais como aquela, mas membros delas estavam engajados em um jogo sutil de apropriação da representação do que era visto como um poder estatal predatório e coercitivo, de modo a defender-se dele, um hábito que tornou muito difícil de perceber o fato de que comunidades rurais estavam efetivamente se auto governando. Abstract The essay recounts the beginning of my fieldwork in a Malagasy rural community an hour’s drive from the capital of Antananarivo in 1990. The community itself was, at the time I arrived, locked in a kind of intense symbolic warfare between andriana – descended from what might be called a noble clan – and mainty, the descendants of their former slaves. The struggle took on all the more significance when I came to understand that the Malagasy state had, for most intents and purposes, effectively withdrawn from such rural communities, but that members of those communities were engaged in a subtle game of appropriation of the representatives of what was seen as a predatory and coercive state power so as to fend it off, a habit that made the fact that rural communities were now effectively self-governing very difficult to perceive.

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