scholarly journals Regional Economic Impacts of Natural Resources: The Case of Petroleum, and Forestry and Logging in Sarawak

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 898-916
Author(s):  
Chakrin Utit ◽  
M. Yusof Saari ◽  
Muhammad Daaniyall Abd Rahman ◽  
Muzafar Shah Habibullah ◽  
Umi Zakiah Norazman
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The State ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Location Quotient ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas

Extraction of natural resources has created significant contribution to the Malaysian economy as a whole. However, the growth and development of the industry do not necessarily bring considerable economic linkages to the local economy where the industry is located, thus fail to contribute to the welfare of local households. This paper validates this claim by examining the economic impacts of Crude Oil and Natural Gas; Petroleum Refinery; and Forestry and Logging industries on the state of Sarawak. For an empirical analysis, a regional input-output model that developed by using a so-called Simple Location Quotient technique, is used as the main methodology in this study. Results are consistent with our claim that the three industries show significant impacts on growth that measured by value added. However, socio-economic impacts that measured by employment are considerably low. The lower employment impacts can be supported by the two stylized facts. First, the extraction of natural resources is capital-intensive production. The activity requires skilled workers, which might be one of the factors contributing to lower income and job opportunities. Second, the industries are highly dependent on inputs from other states and from abroad, which eventually creates lower economic spill over effects within the state economy.

Differential Multipliers for Tourism in Victoria

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy R. West ◽  
Ari Gamage
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The State ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
State Economy ◽  
Different Types

This study assesses the significance of different types of tourists to Victoria, Australia, by their relative contribution to the economy. Differential impacts are calculated using an input–output model incorporating marginal household coefficients. The analysis demonstrates that the conventional input–output model can overestimate the flow-on effects to value added, income and employment by a significant amount. It finds that domestic tourists are the largest contributor to the State economy, with day-trippers spending the greatest amount. International tourists rank last in terms of economic impacts on the state.

scholarly journals Development of Micro Food Processing Sector through Food Processing Entrepreneurship in Manipur

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angam Raleng ◽  
Ngangkham Joykumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The State ◽  
Food Processing Industry ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Agricultural Produce ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Food Processing Sector

Micro Food processing industry is gaining its momentum in the recent years in Northeast India and particularly in Manipur. This sector plays a vital role in connecting the bridge between the agricultural produce and the entrepreneurship development. The region bestows by the abundance of unique and rich horticultural produce gives thrust to developing the food processing sector in the region. Government schemes and projects also add to the development of the sector and to the food entrepreneur by providing financial, technical and business support. The state sharing its border with the Myanmar has a significant impact on the food processing industry particularly in terms of marketing and trading aspects. Food Entrepreneurs should enhance their work on diversifying the horizons of the value added products, increasing job opportunities, marketing and technical skills etc. which will ultimately help in developing the food processing industry in the state.

scholarly journals Understanding the Economics of Transportation Projects

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Grant G. Schultz ◽  
Jeremy E. Searle
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impacts ◽  
The State ◽  
Sales Tax ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
Transportation Projects ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Percent Increase

Understanding the economic impacts of transportation projects is essential for decision makers, officials, and stakeholders as they determine the best course of action for their jurisdiction. Economic impacts can guide decisions of future projects and help explain past economic fluctuations. This study uses an evaluative (ex-post) analysis process to assess the generative economic impacts of transportation projects after completion that can be used to identify the economic impacts of transportation projects while quantifying their relationship. Both pre- and postconstruction data were collected and used to compare the trends of sales tax revenue and employment numbers adjacent to transportation projects in Utah over a 10-year period. Plots of the trends before, during, and after construction for each project in the analysis were generated. A formal process was created for completing the analysis for future study. Results indicate that there is a positive relationship between transportation improvement projects and sales tax revenues. This relationship amounts to approximately a 4.0 percent increase in trends compared to the state overall. Employment demonstrated a 4.5 percent increase compared to the state overall. Although the results are not considered statistically significant, they are considered practically significant and add to the literature on this topic.

scholarly journals Strategy of Developing Local Economy Based on Regional Superior Commodities

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Arie Eko Cahyono ◽  
Lioni Indrayani
Keyword(s):  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Clusters ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Added Value ◽  
High Price ◽  
Location Quotient ◽  
Processed Products ◽  
Derivative Products

This paper discusses the strategy of developing a local economy based on regional superior commodities. Not many people can to process superior commodities into derivative products that have added value. Also, the limited access to price information and marketing networks forces farmers to sell their crops to collectors at a price that is determined unilaterally, which is why farmers do not get the maximum benefit. The purpose of this study is to formulate a leading commodity-based local economic development strategy to create competitiveness to improve the people’s economy. The method used is descriptive with a quantitative approach and is supported by location quotient (LQ) analysis, Shift-Share, and Value Added. To formulate a strategy used a SWOT analysis, to determine the program carried out by comparing current conditions with desired conditions and referring to the results of the SWOT analysis. The results of the study show that leading commodities are proven to have comparative advantages and have the potential to become the basis of regional economies. The integrated commodity product processing industry that produces a variety of processed products can provide economic value that increases the final value of superior commodities. Also, the activities of processing derivative products are also able to produce added value, provide profit margins to workers and employers, as well as contribute to other inputs for each kilogram of product produced. Processed products have the potential to provide high price margins to farmers and producers if the marketing system is more efficient. Based on the analysis-analysis, industrial clusters based on regional superior commodities can be developed.

Experiments in Regionalization of a National Input—Output Table

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 1501-1520 ◽  
Author(s):  
C H Sawyer ◽  
R E Miller
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
The State ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Location Quotient ◽  
Output Table ◽  
Survey Techniques ◽  
Output Structure ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Survey Estimates

In this paper the authors present results of a series of experiments in which the input—output structure of the State of Washington (as reflected in 1972 survey-based input—output tables) is approximated from similar data for the nation (as given in the 1967 survey-based US tables). Variants of two kinds of nonsurvey approaches are employed. These are purely-nonsurvey methods (including, for example, adjustments according to simple location quotient measures) and partial-survey techniques (such as the RAS method). Comparisons between nonsurvey results and the Washington data are made on the basis both of regional coefficient matrices and of their Leontief inverses. Comparisons are also made with the results of several other studies that have utilized similar nonsurvey approaches. Certain procedures appear promising, especially when used in combination with survey estimates of regional value added and/or exports.

Development of a State Tax Risk Management System

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 62-75
Author(s):  
A. V. Tikhonova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
General Scheme ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
The State ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Traceability System ◽  
Road Map ◽  
State Tax ◽  
Presentation Methods

The article is devoted to the development of the concept of the state to manage its tax risks, based on a systematic approach. The author's concept presupposes the presence of the following elements logically arranged according to the principle "from the general to the particular": 1) mechanisms for managing tax risks, 2) disclosing methodological recommendations, 3) specific proposals for changing legislation. To achieve this goal, the author used general scientific methods (deduction and induction, analysis and synthesis, observation, description, generalization) and private scientific methods of cognition (comparison method, graphical and tabular data presentation methods). We have presented a brief overview of the main tax risks of the Russian Federation in the current economic environment, which are classified in four areas: 1) risks in the field of value added taxation; 2) risks in the field of taxation of profits and income; 3) risks, the source of which is Russia's membership in the Eurasian Economic Union; 4) customs risks. The author presents a general scheme of tax risk management by the state, which includes the context, goals and management strategy. The priority mechanisms for managing the tax risks of the state are formulated on the basis of the presented classification of tax risks. These areas include: introduction of an end-to-end product traceability system; substantiation of taxation methods; joint elimination of tax risks (Federal Tax Service, Federal Customs Service, Ministry of Labor, Federal Service for Financial Monitoring); optimization of tax administration costs on the part of both tax authorities and taxpayers; harmonization of indirect taxation, including duty-free trade; harmonization of international tax rules at the international level; selection of the most effective tools for eliminating multiple taxation. A draft "road map" has been developed to improve the management of state tax risks.

Of Nils and Nation: Selma Lagerlöf'sThe Wonderful Adventures of Nils

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
BJÖRN SUNDMARK
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
School System ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
State School ◽  
Linguistic Differences ◽  
Vested Interests ◽  
National Ideology ◽  
Selma Lagerlof

Recently past its centenary, The Wonderful Adventures of Nils (1906–7), by Selma Lagerlöf, has remained an international children's classic, famous for its charm and magical elements. This article returns to read the book in its original contexts, and sets out to demonstrate that it was also published as a work of instruction, a work of geography, calculated to build character and nation. Arguing that it represents the vested interests of the state school system, and the national ideology of modern Sweden, the article analyses Nils's journey as the production of a Swedish ‘space’. With a focus on representations of power and nationhood in the text, it points to the way Lagerlöf takes stock of the nation's natural resources, characterises its inhabitants, draws upon legends and history, and ultimately constructs a ‘folkhem’, where social classes, ethnic groups and linguistic differences are all made to contribute to a sense of Swedish belonging and destiny.

Spatial and Institutional Analysis of the Voivodships Expenditure on Culture in the Years 2003 – 2015

e-Finanse ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
Adam Mateusz Suchecki
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Institutional Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Cultural Institutions ◽  
Location Quotient ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
National Heritage

AbstractFollowing the completion of the process of decentralisation of public administration in Poland in 2003, a number of tasks implemented previously by the state authorities were transferred to the local level. One of the most significant changes to the financing and management methods of the local authorities was the transfer of tasks related to culture and national heritage to the set of tasks implemented by local governments. As a result of the decentralisation process, the local government units in Poland were given significant autonomy in determining the purposes of their budgetary expenditures on culture. At the same time, they were obliged to cover these expenses from their own revenues.This paper focuses on the analysis of expenditures on culture covered by the voivodship budgets, taking into consideration the structure of cultural institutions by their types, between 2003-2015. The location quotient (LQ) was applied to two selected years (2006 and 2015) to illustrate the diversity of expenditures on culture in individual voivodships.

Konsep Distribusi Pendapatan Dalam Islam

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-97
Author(s):  
Moh. Ah. Subhan ZA
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
The State ◽  
Private Property Rights ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Distribution Of Income

The main problem of social life in the community is about how to make the allocation and distribution of income well. Inequality and poverty basically arise not because of the difference of anyone’s strength and weakness in getting livelihood, but because of inappropriate distribution mechanism. With the result that wealth treasure just turns on the rich wealthy, which is in turn, results in the rich get richer and the poor get poorer.Therefore, a discussion on distribution becomes main focus of theory of Islamic economics. Moreover, the discussion of the distribution is not only related to economic issues, but also social and political aspects. On the other side, the economic vision of Islam gives priority to the guarantee of the fulfillment of a better life. Islam emphasizes distributive justice and encloses, in its system, a program for the redistribution of wealth and prosperity, so that each individual is guaranteed with a respectable and friendly standard of living. Islam recognizes private property rights, but the private property rights must be properly distributed. The personal property is used for self and family livelihood, for investment of the working capital, so that it can provide job opportunities for others, for help of the others through zakat, infaq, and shodaqoh. In this way, the wealth not only rotates on the rich, bringing on gap in social life.The problem of wealth distribution is closely related to the welfare of society. Therefore, the state has a duty to regulate the distribution of income in order that the distribution can be fair and reaches appropriate target. The state could at least attempt it by optimizing the role of BAZ (Badan Amil Zakat) and LAZ (Lembaga Amil Zakat) which has all this time been slack. If BAZ and LAZ can be optimized, author believes that inequality and poverty over time will vanish. This is because the majority of Indonesia's population is Muslim.

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