Reid, Hardness and Developmental Psychology

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-162
Author(s):  
Adam Weiler Gur Arye

I suggest two main ways of interpreting Reid's analysis of the perception of the quality of hardness: (1) Reid endorses two distinct concepts of hardness. The distinction between the two lies in a profoundly different relation between the sensation of hardness and the concept of hardness in each of them. The first concept, which I term as a “sensation-laden concept”, is “the quality that arises in us the sensation of hardness.” The second concept, which I call a “non-sensational concept”, is “the cohesion of the parts of the body with more or less force.” (2) Reid is thinking like a developmental psychologist and postulates what I consider as a gradual development from one concept to the other according to which the initial sensation-laden concept of hardness, which we form during our early childhood, gradually develops into a mature non-sensational concept of hardness.

Author(s):  
Oksana Rybachok

«Man is what he eats,» these words belong to the great Pythagoras. He meant by these words the connection of the origin of consumed food with the spiritual development of man. In fact, a lot depends on the nature of nutrition, the quality of food and, of course, on the degree of its perception by the body. Digestion process begins not in the stomach, but directly in the oral cavity as a result of mechanical processing of products with teeth and under the influence of the secretion of the salivary glands. That is why healthy teeth are the key to the normal functioning of the whole organism — people should start taking care of their teeth from the early childhood and dentists, who are far from being beloved by everybody and are often carelessly evaded, are called upon to help keep the teeth healthy.


2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 249-254
Author(s):  
Dragos Ioan Tohanean ◽  
Vasilios Koronas ◽  
Peter Sagat ◽  
Ioan Turcu ◽  
Ioana Maria Curitianu ◽  
...  

The main purpose of this study was to identify the types of water and other drinks used for hydration by those who perform movement activities and also to analyze the quality of these drinks. As a result of performing movement activities, through perspiration, a greater or lesser amount of water is lost from the body. Along with this, a number of nutrients are lost. Given these aspects, the main objective of the research was to understand more correctly, what is involved in proper hydration, which are the factors that must be taken into account to maintain good health. We analyzed and compared the level of the main electrolytes and carbohydrates for different categories of drinks and also measured with the help of two specific devices the level of purity and pH of three categories of drinking water. We indicated general values regarding the ratio of water consumption to weight on the one hand, and on the other hand, we indicated the indicative quantities that should be consumed before, during and after performing medium-level physical effort. As a general conclusion, the importance of sodium, alkaline water and high water purity was highlighted in relation to the categories of beverages analyzed in this study.


2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Scholtz

Compared with the elongate bodies of shrimps or lobsters, crabs are characterised by a compact body organisation with a depressed, short carapace and a ventrally folded pleon. The evolutionary transformation from a lobster-like crustacean towards a crab is called ‘carcinization’ and has been interpreted as a dramatic morphological change. Nevertheless, the crab-shape evolved convergently in a number of lineages within Decapoda. Accordingly, numerous hypotheses about internal and external factors have been presented, which all try to explain these frequent convergent carcinization events despite the seemingly fundamental changes in the body organisation. However, what a crab is lies greatly in the eye of the beholder and most of the hypotheses about the lobster/crab transformation are biased by untested assumptions. Furthermore, there are two meanings of the word ‘crab’ within decapods: one, the phylogenetic meaning, refers to the clade Brachyura; the other, more general and typological use of the word crab, describes decapods with a certain body shape. These two meanings should not be confused when the issue of carcinization is discussed. Here, I propose a definition of what a crab is, i.e. what is meant when we speak about carcinization. I show that not all Brachyura are crabs in the typological sense. Carcinization occurred at least twice within the clade. Among Anomala there is further evidence that crab-shaped Lithodidae derived from a hermit-crab like ancestor. Carcinization is not restricted to Anomala plus Brachyura (Meiura) but is also found in Achelata, namely in slipper lobsters. A deconstruction of the crab-shape reveals that parts of it appear in various combinations among all decapod groups. Only a certain threshold of number and quality of crab-features makes us call an animal a ‘crab’. This reveals that carcinization does not involve such dramatic changes in morphology as has been suggested. Moreover similar alterations of body shapes appear frequently in other crustacean taxa and in various animal groups as diverse as sharks and sea urchins. Hence morphological constraints, macroevolution, trends, tendencies, or underlying synapomorphies of any kind are not necessary assumptions for the explanation of the evolution of crabs.


2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Huiting Qiao ◽  
Libin Wang ◽  
Jintao Han ◽  
Yingmao Chen ◽  
Daifa Wang ◽  
...  

The reports on medical imaging and nanomedicine are getting more and more prevalent. Many nanoparticles entering into the body act as contrast agents, or probes in medical imaging, which are parts of nanomedicines. The application extent and the quality of imaging have been improved by nanotechnique. On one hand, nanomedicines advance the sensitivity and specificity of molecular imaging. On the other hand, the biodistribution of nanomedicine can also be studiedin vivoby medical imaging, which is necessary in the toxicological research. The toxicity of nanomedicine is a concern which may slow down the application of nanomedical. The quantitative description of the kinetic process is significant. Based on metabolic study on radioactivity tracer, a scheme of pharmacokinetic research of nanomedicine is proposed. In this review, we will discuss the potential advantage of medical imaging in toxicology of nanomedicine, as well as the advancement of medical imaging prompted by nanomedicine.


2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Basri Basri

Progress of a nation is determined by quality of education of nation itself. There are several factors that affect the quality of education such as the subject of educators, materials and supporting facilities. One of the basic educational institutions that contribute to the quality of education this country is educational institutions in community starting from Kindergarten school. Kindergarten al-Qur'an and early childhood of the Qur'an. The educational institution of the Qur'an today is growing very rapidly but on the other hand has not been directly proportional to the quality produced. This study discusses of Qur'anic educational problems preparing the Qur'anic generation seen from the point of view of management and implementation  education of the Qur'an in institution. The results of this study indicate that the educational institutions of al-Qur'an are still experience problems in the management such as the responsibility of managers, the managerial capability of the unit head, and the ability to provide supporting facilities, in the implementation of learning, there are many educational institutions that do not match the ratio of the number of teachers with one study group on the other hand, the quality of teachers are still low and the ability of teachers transfer knowledge to students.


Author(s):  
В.Ю. Анцев ◽  
Н.А. Витчук ◽  
П.В. Витчук ◽  
Е.А. Петренко

Одним из важнейших контролируемых параметров при оценке качества лакокрасочного покрытия автомобиля является количество зерен на покрытии кузова. Для снижения количества зерен необходимо осуществлять анализ их вида и происхождения. Такой анализ проводят на трёх слоях: на катафорезном слое, грунтовом и на готовом лакокрасочном покрытии. Приведены результаты анализа количества и вида зерен на всех трёх слоях лакокрасочного покрытия автомобилей на одном из предприятий автомобильного кластера г. Калуги. По результатам анализа был сделан вывод о целесообразности уменьшения сорности на слое катафореза. Это позволит повлиять на качество двух других слоев лакокрасочного покрытия. Уменьшение сорности на слое катафореза возможно на основе модернизации линии подготовки поверхности автомобиля к покраске. Для модернизации линии подготовки поверхности автомобиля к покраске предлагается изменить существующую систему фильтрации рабочего раствора, заменив существующий ленточный фильтр на систему с мешочными фильтрами. Также предлагается оборудовать линию промежуточной емкостью с системой фильтрации для восстановления рабочего раствора. Внедрение предложенных мероприятий позволит снизить расходы на шлифовальные материалы, увеличить производительность на участках инспекции лакокрасочного покрытия автомобиля, снизить расходы на восстановление рабочего раствора One of the most important controlled parameters in assessing the quality of the paint coating of a car is the number of grains on the body coating. To reduce the amount of grains, it is necessary to analyze their type and origin. This analysis is carried out in three layers: in the cataphoretic layer, soil and in the finished paint coating. The article presents the results of the analysis of the number and type of grains in all three layers of paint coating of cars at one of the enterprises of the Kaluga automobile cluster. Based on the results of the analysis, it was concluded that it was advisable to reduce dirt in the cataforesis layer. This will affect the quality of the other two paint layers. Reduction of strength in cataforesis layer is possible on the basis of modernization of line for preparation of a car surface for painting. To upgrade the line for preparing the surface of a car for painting, it is proposed to change the existing system for filtering the working solution, replacing the existing tape filter with a system with bag filters. It is also proposed to equip the line with an intermediate tank with a filtration system to restore the working solution. The implementation of the proposed measures will reduce the cost of grinding materials; increase the performance at the inspection areas of the paint coating of a car, lower operating solution recovery costs


1957 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. Labban

Hairiness in wool of Suffolk sheep as a fault was found to be associated with other defects like coarseness of wool fibres, hairiness of the britch, and the occurrence of pigmented fibres. The presence of these various defects was studied in the lamb's tail at docking time, and subsequently evaluated and correlated with the fleece.The tails were graded according to the nature of the fibres and the spread of halo hairs from the tip to the base into four principal grades which by further subgrading could be made into seven grades. The results were as follows:(1) There was wide variability in grades of tails within each flock.(2) Average grade of tails followed in general the mean quality of the adult fleece.(3) When Border Leicester were crossed with Welsh Mountain the tails of the two reciprocal crosses were found to be of hairy type of tail and nearly like the Welsh Mountain type.(4) The percentage of coloured tails in the least hairy grades was found to be inversely related to the quality of the tail grade and indirectly to the fleece quality.(5) The diameter of the wool fibres on the base of the tail is highly correlated with the diameter of fibres from the britch regions or mean fibre diameter from four regions of the body (mid-shoulder, midside, hip and britch).(6) The mean diameter of the wool fibres obtained from four different parts of the tail was correlated with those of the britch regions only.(7) The diameter and variability of fibres increased from shoulder to britch in the body and from base to tip in the tails.(8) The britch and tails of two groups of sheep, one group characterized by coarse and the other by fine britch and tail wool, were studied histologically. There were significant or highly significant differences in the following characteristics in the britch of the two groups: (a) total number of follicles, (b) primary follicles with no medulla, (c) total number of secondary follicles, (d) secondaries with no medulla, (e) secondaries with large medulla. The only type of follicle where a significant difference was found in the tail was in the number of secondary follicles with no medulla.


2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal

Through the early childhood and after the ablactating the child learns acquired food habbits that might studying with him throughout his life. Here the parents role arises: teaching the child the sound food habits and hygienic styles and whatever beneficial to the health and with the sufficient quantities for the body. In this way the experiences the child learns at home will be of great help in his future life in choosing the suitable food after becoming more dependent in making his decisions and choices away from his parents. The results in this study showed that the averages of the children’s consumption of the high energy foods in comparison with the other highest consumption average , after that comes the con sumption of soft drills , then the lollipops , gums and cacao , finally , the confectioneries recorded the lowest percentage in purchase , the child’s wish recorded the highest average.


2004 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 362-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Søren Ventegodt ◽  
Mohammed Morad ◽  
Eytan Hyam ◽  
Joav Merrick

The recovery of the human character and purpose of life with consciousness-based medicine seems to be able to induce spontaneous remissions in several diseases. On two different occasions, we observed breast tumors reduced to less than half their original diameters (clinically judged) during a holistic session, when working with the patients in accordance with the holistic process theory of healing, the life mission theory, and the theory of human character. One tumor was histologically diagnosed as malign breast cancer prior to the session, while the other was under examination. As both patients had the affected regions of the breast surgically removed immediately after the session, we are unable to determine if they were actually healed by the holistic treatment. We find it extremely interesting that the size of a tumor can be reduced dramatically within a few hours of holistic treatment, when the patient is highly motivated for personal development. The reduction of tumor size is in accordance with the holistic view that many types of cancer are caused by emotional and existential disturbances. From a holistic perspective, cancer can be understood as a simple disturbance of the cells, arising from the tissue holding on to a trauma with strong emotional content. This is called “a blockage”, where the function of the cells is changed from their original function in the tissue to a function of holding emotions. The reduction of the tumor in the two cases happened when old painful emotions were identified in the tissues, in and around the tumor, and processed into understanding; when the patients finally did let go of negative beliefs and attitudes that had kept the feeling(s) repressed to that part of the body, the tumor first softened and then disappeared, presumably by apoptosis. We believe that the consciousness-based/holistic medical toolbox has a serious additional offer to cancer patients, and we will therefore strongly encourage the scientific society to explore these new possibilities. Our holistic medical research meets both ethical dilemmas and practical difficulties, as it obviously is important for the research in induced spontaneous remissions that surgery and chemotherapy is not used before it is absolutely necessary. On the other hand, is it important for the patient's survival that they receive any well-documented treatment as soon as possible. An additional aspect for the patient who is able to cure her own cancer is that she is much less likely to get cancer again and much better prepared to deal with other diseases and challenges in life. Knowing that one can fight even cancer gives a strong belief in life and the need to improve quality of life. The high incidence of secondary cancers and the physical and emotional wounds from the biomedical treatment seem to justify a focus on prevention and additional holistic treatment modules. To support the patient in learning the mastery of coherence of body and life, using the crisis of cancer to recover the human character and the purpose of life, seems turning a personal potential disaster into the greatest gift of all. When it comes down to it, life is not just about surviving; what is more important is to live fully, to learn from the great challenges of life, and to obtain the optimal quality of life while being here.


Author(s):  
K. T. Tokuyasu

During the past investigations of immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in ultrathin frozen sections, we found that the degree of negative staining required to delineate u1trastructural details was often too dense for the recognition of ferritin particles. The quality of positive staining of ultrathin frozen sections, on the other hand, has generally been far inferior to that attainable in conventional plastic embedded sections, particularly in the definition of membranes. As we discussed before, a main cause of this difficulty seemed to be the vulnerability of frozen sections to the damaging effects of air-water surface tension at the time of drying of the sections.Indeed, we found that the quality of positive staining is greatly improved when positively stained frozen sections are protected against the effects of surface tension by embedding them in thin layers of mechanically stable materials at the time of drying (unpublished).


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