scholarly journals Mirror Visual Feedback Impact on Abductor Pollicis Brevis Muscle Electrical Activity in the Stroke Affected Arm

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (89) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mindaugas Kvedaras ◽  
Rima Solianik ◽  
Neringa Baranauskienė
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Bimanual Movement ◽  
Abductor Pollicis Brevis ◽  
Mirror Visual Feedback ◽  
Motor Unit Firing ◽  
Time Movement ◽  
Abductor Pollicis Brevis Muscle

Research background and hypothesis. Stroke is recognized as one of the major causes of morbidity, mortality and long-term disability around the world (Laver et al., 2012). Mirror visual feedback is one of the newest areas of research that shows the potential application in neurorehabilitation (Kang et al., 2012). We hypothesize that abductor pollicis brevis muscle activity in the stroke affected arm will be higher when the movements are performed with non-affected hand visual mirror feedback.Research aim was to identify mirror visual feedback impact on abductor pollicis brevis muscle electrical activity in the stroke affected arm.Research methods. Post-stroke subjects (n = 12) performed bimanual thumb opposition under three conditions: without mirror visual feedback, with non-affected and affected arm reflection in the mirror. Electrical activity of abductor pollicis brevis muscle was recorded simultaniously.Research results. There was a significantly higher (p < 0.05) muscle activity amplitude when thumb opposition was performed with visual feedback of non-affected hand compared to task without mirror visual feedback. No muscle activity amplitude difference was observed when thumb opposition was performed looking at affected hand mirror visual feedback compared to task without mirror visual feedback. Motor unit firing rate did not differ between tasks.Discussion  and  conclusions.  I.  Nojima  and  co-authors  (2012)  have  identified  that  mirror  visual  feedback activates motor cortex. Additionally, our study shows that even during one-time movement with observation of non-affected hand in the mirror shows higher muscle electrical activity in the affected hand.Keywords: mirror neurones, thumb opposition, bimanual movement.

scholarly journals Mirror Visual Feedback Induces M1 Excitability by Disengaging Functional Connections of Perceptuo-Motor-Attentional Processes during Asynchronous Bimanual Movement: A Magnetoencephalographic Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1092
Author(s):  
Szu-Hung Lin ◽  
Chia-Hsiung Cheng ◽  
Ching-Yi Wu ◽  
Chien-Ting Liu ◽  
Chia-Ling Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Bimanual Movement ◽  
Range Of Movement ◽  
Functional Connection ◽  
Functional Connections ◽  
Mirror Visual Feedback

Mirror visual feedback (MVF) has been shown to increase the excitability of the primary motor cortex (M1) during asynchronous bimanual movement. However, the functional networks underlying this process remain unclear. We recruited 16 healthy volunteers to perform asynchronous bimanual movement, that is, their left hand performed partial range of movement while their right hand performed normal full range of movement. Their ongoing brain activities were recorded by whole-head magnetoencephalography during the movement. Participants were required to keep both hands stationary in the control condition. In the other two conditions, participants were required to perform asynchronous bimanual movement with MVF (Asy_M) and without MVF (Asy_w/oM). Greater M1 excitability was found under Asy_M than under Asy_w/oM. More importantly, when receiving MVF, the visual cortex reduced its functional connection to brain regions associated with perceptuo-motor-attentional process (i.e., M1, superior temporal gyrus, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex). This is the first study to demonstrate a global functional network of MVF during asynchronous bimanual movement, providing a foundation for future research to examine the neural mechanisms of mirror illusion in motor control.

Immediate diaphragmatic electromyogram responses to imperceptible mechanical loads in conscious humans

1992 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 248-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Kobylarz ◽  
J. A. Daubenspeck
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Lung Volume ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Tonic Activity ◽  
Phasic Activity ◽  
Mechanical Loads ◽  
Oral Airway ◽  
Pattern Regulation ◽  
Adaptive Pattern

We used an esophageal electrode to measure the amplitude and neural inspiratory and expiratory (N TE) timing responses of crural diaphragmatic electrical activity in response to flow-resistive (R) and elastic (E) loads at or below the threshold for conscious detection, applied pseudorandomly to the oral airway of eight normal subjects. We observed a rapid first-breath neural reflex that modified respiratory timing such that N TE lengthened significantly in response to R loads in six of eight subjects and shortened in response to E loading in six of seven subjects. The prolongation of N TE with R loading resulted primarily from lengthening the portion of N TE during which phasic activity in the diaphragm is absent (TE NDIA), whereas E loading shortened N TE mainly by reducing TE NDIA. Most subjects responded to both types of loading by decreasing mean tonic diaphragmatic activity, the average level of muscle activity that exists when no phasic changes are occurring, as well as its variability. The observed timing responses are consistent in direction with optimally adaptive pattern regulation, whereas the modulation of tonic activity may be useful in neural regulation of end-expiratory lung volume.

Long-Term Observation of Retinal Electrical Activity in Dialyzed and Renal Transplantation Patients

1984 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaromir Svêrák ◽  
Jaroslav Peregrin ◽  
Dagmar Hejcmanová ◽  
Josef Erben
Keyword(s):  
Renal Transplantation ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Long Term Observation

Long-term observations of spontaneous electrical activity of the uterine smooth muscle

1959 ◽  
Vol 196 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Y. Kao
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Pregnant Uterus ◽  
Implanted Electrodes ◽  
Spontaneous Electrical Activity ◽  
Myometrial Cells ◽  
Uterine Smooth Muscle

The spontaneous electrical activity of uterine smooth muscle was rather variable when acute observations were made. Therefore, a series of chronic experiments was performed with implanted electrodes to monitor a group of myometrial cells under different physiological conditions for periods up to eight weeks. The results showed that consistent behavior of myometrial cells could be observed provided similar hormonal status was maintained. Action potentials were rare or absent in myometrium of oophorectomized animals but were caused to appear by estrogen. In the pregnant uterus, action potentials increased both in amplitude and frequency of discharge as parturition approached, reached a peak at that time, and then declined in the postpartum days. The results indicated that in estrogen treatment and in parturition activities of myometrial cells were more synchronous. There was suggestive evidence that there were central impulses initiating activity in the pregnant uterus, and that the responses of the myometrium were affected by the local conditions.

scholarly journals A Novel Application of Virtual Reality for Pain Control: Virtual Reality-Mirror Visual Feedback Therapy

10.5772/51139 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Sato ◽  
Satoshi Fukumori ◽  
Kantaro Miyake ◽  
Daniel Obata ◽  
Akio Gofuku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Pain Control ◽  
Mirror Visual Feedback
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