scholarly journals Peculiarities of Investigated Characteristics of Lithuanian Pistol and Rifle Shooters’ Training and Sport Performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (73) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaida Gulbinskienė ◽  
Antanas Skarbalius
Keyword(s):  
Training Programme ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Sway ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
Static Posturography ◽  
Mental Fitness ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Posture Stability ◽  
And Training

The purpose was to identify the peculiarities of selected training and sport performance characteristics: 1. Training strategies, 2. the body sway and 3. mental fitness. Methods: we analysed the sport performance and training characteristics and applied interviews with elite and Lithuanian shooters. The body sway was studied applying the method of static posturography. The subjects were standing in four postures. Mental fitness of the shooters was evaluated 30 min before the start using CSAI–2 methodology and adapted SCAT methodology. The shooters were divided into two groups according to their sports performance: the high and the moderate mastery groups. Statistical analyses was made applying the SPSS 11.0 statistical package. Results: 1. The Lithuanian women pistol shooters’ mean age of the first three place winners corresponded to that of the elite athletes, however the sports results (p < 0.001) were significantly lower. We indicated the following reasons: they trained less than the elite shooters, their specific training was inappropriate (p < 0.001), their mental fitness and competition experience were inappropriate (p < 0.001). 2. The trajectory of the COP in a specific posture (legs at shoulder length, arms down; posture without the pistol; posture with the pistol) was significantly (p < 0.05) different (Fig. 1, Masalskytė et al., 2002) between high and moderate mastery shooters but not in general posture (folded legs and arms down). The results suggested developing shooters’ posture from the very beginning of training. 3. The Lithuanian shooters’ level of anxiety before the starts showed the importance of the duration of exercise and competition experience because the difference between their indices and those of elite shooters was significantly less (p < 0.001). Conclusions: On the basis of sport performance as a multidimensional construct which requires to select the main factors of athlete trainability we conclude that Lithuanian pistol and rifle shooters need a training programme that improves posture stability; they should increase their international competitive experience and have to monitor sport fitness in order to manage psychological stress, and model a further training programme. Social conditions might be the main problem of the Lithuanian shooters to terminate their sport career too early.Keywords: pistol, rifle, shooters’ training, sport performance.

scholarly journals Models and Interaction of Intensive Training and Sport Performance of 14–15-Year-Old Athletes in Rhythmic Gymnastics

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (87) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Rutkauskaitė ◽  
Antanas Skarbalius
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
Intensive Training ◽  
Explosive Strength ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnastics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Competitive Activities

Research  background  and  hypothesis. The  efficacy  of  athlete’s  sport  performance  depends  on  the  targeted training in certain periods, organization, management, individual adaptation of an athlete to the loads of training and competitions.  Research aim of this work was to determine the impact of intensive training on sport performance of 14–15 year old athletes in rhythmic gymnastics and their optimization.  Research methods. The experiment resulted in modeling two different training programs and establishing the structure of the content of the training programs, as well as athletes’ sports performance. The training loads protocols registered the time for choreography, element mastering, competitive routines and athletic training in each training session. The efficacy of the training programs was established registering the realization of competitive activities under competitive conditions according to the number of points received by the gymnast of each training program and according to the place won. When we tried to establish if the training sessions and competitive loads matched the specificity of competitive activities, we registered the changes in the athletes’ heart rate during different training sessions.Research  results.  Training  of  athletes  in  two  training  programs  was  different  –  their  training  loads  were  not significantly different – from 672 to 697 hours a year, as well as the indices of the training days – from 5.4 to 5.6 days a week, but the training content differed significantly. In most effective training program choreographic training dominated (30.9%). Statistically significant differences (p  < 0.05) were found in the indices of explosive strength and muscular power, specific endurance and coordination movement abilities. At the beginning of the season and at the end of it the realization of the body movement technique performing routines with different tools was not different (p > 0.05). Discussion and conclusion. Sports performance of 14–15-year-old athletes in rhythmic gymnastics was mostly influenced  by  the  time  for  mastering  competitive  routines  (r  =  0.836);  however,  the  research  did  not  establish differences  in  intensifying  training.  Besides  the  importance  of  integral  athletic  fitness,  explosive  strength,  and strength endurance, the research established the significance of aerobic fitness (r  = 0.704) for sports performance. Moreover, the significance of body composition indices increased in comparison with previous training years: body height (r = –0.819), body weight (r = –0.657), and BMI (r = –0.836).Keywords: rhythmic gymnastics, training, performance, metamodel.

scholarly journals An Assessment of Balance through Posturography in Healthy about Women: An Observational Study

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 7684
Author(s):  
Elena Escamilla-Martínez ◽  
Ana Gómez-Maldonado ◽  
Beatriz Gómez-Martín ◽  
Aurora Castro-Méndez ◽  
Juan Antonio Díaz-Mancha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Sway ◽  
Preventive Strategy ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Static Posturography ◽  
Proprioceptive Training ◽  
History Of ◽  
Romberg Test

The incidence of falls in adults constitutes a public health problem, and the alteration in balance is the most important factor. It is necessary to evaluate this through objective tools in order to quantify alterations and prevent falls. This study aims to determine the existence of alteration of balance and the influence of age in a population of healthy women. Static posturography was performed on 49 healthy adult women with no history of falls in four different situations using the Romberg test with the NedSVE/IBV® platform. The variables studied were the body sway area and the anteroposterior and mediolateral displacements. The situation of maximum instability occurred in RGC (p = 0.001), with a significant increase in anteroposterior oscillations regarding the ML (p < 0.001), with no correlation to age. Age alone does not influence the balance in the sample studied, other factors must come together to alter it. The joint cancellation of visual and somatosensory afferents could facilitate the appearance of falls, given that it is a situation of maximum instability. Proprioceptive training is interesting as a preventive strategy for falls.

Considerations Regarding Athletic Performance and Spiritual Performance Perception

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Stefan V. Nuț
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
Cognitive Values ◽  
Educational Environments ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
People’S Attitudes ◽  
And Training

SummaryThis study has proposed to highlight the relevant aspects related to attitude, how to interpret and understanding sport performance and spiritual performance and values around them. The overall objective of the survey was to obtain data on people's perceptions of the spiritual and athletic performance and to formulate some conclusions. The specific objectives were: Identification of key elements of people's attitudes towards the researched topic. Identifying key issues about performance and image in the two areas. Study the quality of perceptions. Identification of indicators on educational features. In conclusion we have identified some key points about the image of athletic performance and spiritual performance. Most cognitive values and perceptions are dominated by visualization and verbalization attributes. We identified educational characteristics - perceptual experiences are formed, influenced and directed educational environments: family, community, school, church and media. Spiritual and sports performance have multiple implications, individual and social, which go beyond the strict environment in which the case and their perception may be a means of education and training. Trouble perception moral responsibility must be attributed primarily to educational environments and not as individuals.

scholarly journals Kinesiological Analysis of Difference in Application of the Body Building and Crossfit Training Method // Kineziološka analiza razlika u primjeni metoda treninga body buildinga i crossfita

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Branimir Mikić ◽  
Jovana Bozoljac ◽  
Vladimir Ivanek ◽  
Semir Bojić ◽  
Edisa Šljivić
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Training Method ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Body Building ◽  
Training Activities ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Crossfit Training ◽  
And Training

The main aim of this research is to identify the kinesiological differences in approaches and methods of training in the field of Crossfit and Bodybuilding, based on the kinesiological, anthropological and technical characteristics, as well as to determine the difference between recreationists and athletes in engagement programs such as Crossfit and Bodybuilding. The survey was conducted on a sample of 84 subjects, namely: 48 recreationists and 36 athletes. Research results show that a far greater number of recreationists are engaged in Bodybuilding compared to athletes. What is the main characteristic of this study is that the recreationists or athletes are not sufficiently informed about the Crossfit program and that it is rarely used in recreational and training activities.

The biochemistry of drugs and doping methods used to enhance aerobic sport performance

2008 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 63-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris E. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Oxygen Delivery ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Blood Substitutes ◽  
Altitude Training ◽  
Blood Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Carriers ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
Blood Doping

Optimum performance in aerobic sports performance requires an efficient delivery to, and consumption of, oxygen by the exercising muscle. It is probable that maximal oxygen uptake in the athlete is multifactorial, being shared between cardiac output, blood oxygen content, muscle blood flow, oxygen diffusion from the blood to the cell and mitochondrial content. Of these, raising the blood oxygen content by raising the haematocrit is the simplest acute method to increase oxygen delivery and improve sport performance. Legal means of raising haematocrit include altitude training and hypoxic tents. Illegal means include blood doping and the administration of EPO (erythropoietin). The ability to make EPO by genetic means has resulted in an increase in its availability and use, although it is probable that recent testing methods may have had some impact. Less widely used illegal methods include the use of artificial blood oxygen carriers (the so-called ‘blood substitutes’). In principle these molecules could enhance aerobic sports performance; however, they would be readily detectable in urine and blood tests. An alternative to increasing the blood oxygen content is to increase the amount of oxygen that haemoglobin can deliver. It is possible to do this by using compounds that right-shift the haemoglobin dissociation curve (e.g. RSR13). There is a compromise between improving oxygen delivery at the muscle and losing oxygen uptake at the lung and it is unclear whether these reagents would enhance the performance of elite athletes. However, given the proven success of blood doping and EPO, attempts to manipulate these pathways are likely to lead to an ongoing battle between the athlete and the drug testers.

Evaluation of Body Sway Using Tactile Stimuli on the Body Trunk

2016 ◽  
Vol 136 (8) ◽  
pp. 1135-1141
Author(s):  
Ryo Hasegawa ◽  
Amir Maleki ◽  
Masafumi Uchida
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Body Sway ◽  
Tactile Stimuli

Our Bodies, Whose Property?

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Labor Markets ◽  
Personal Autonomy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Complex Issue ◽  
Human Organs ◽  
Property Owners ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

No one wants to be treated like an object, regarded as an item of property, or put up for sale. Yet many people frame personal autonomy in terms of self-ownership, representing themselves as property owners with the right to do as they wish with their bodies. Others do not use the language of property, but are similarly insistent on the rights of free individuals to decide for themselves whether to engage in commercial transactions for sex, reproduction, or organ sales. Drawing on analyses of rape, surrogacy, and markets in human organs, this book challenges notions of freedom based on ownership of our bodies and argues against the normalization of markets in bodily services and parts. The book explores the risks associated with metaphors of property and the reasons why the commodification of the body remains problematic. The book asks what is wrong with thinking of oneself as the owner of one's body? What is wrong with making our bodies available for rent or sale? What, if anything, is the difference between markets in sex, reproduction, or human body parts, and the other markets we commonly applaud? The book contends that body markets occupy the outer edges of a continuum that is, in some way, a feature of all labor markets. But it also emphasizes that we all have bodies, and considers the implications of this otherwise banal fact for equality. Bodies remind us of shared vulnerability, alerting us to the common experience of living as embodied beings in the same world. Examining the complex issue of body exceptionalism, the book demonstrates that treating the body as property makes human equality harder to comprehend.

Theory-Practice Gap: The Experiences of Nigerian Nursing Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Titilayo Dorothy Odetola ◽  
Olusola Oluwasola ◽  
Christoph Pimmer ◽  
Oluwafemi Dipeolu ◽  
Samson Oluwayemi Akande ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clinical Staff ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Practice Gap ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Analyse Data ◽  
Theory Practice Gap

The “disconnect” between the body of knowledge acquired in classroom settings and the application of this knowledge in clinical practice is one of the main reasons for professional fear, anxiety and feelings of incompetence among freshly graduated nurses. While the phenomenon of the theory-to-practice gap has been researched quite extensively in high-income country settings much less is known about nursing students’ experiences in a developing country context. To rectify this shortcoming, the qualitative study investigated the experiences of nursing students in their attempt to apply what they learn in classrooms in clinical learning contexts in seven sites in Nigeria. Thematic content analysis was used to analyse data gained from eight focus group discussions (n = 80) with the students. The findings reveal a multifaceted theory-practice gap which plays out along four tensions: (1) procedural, i.e. the difference between practices from education institutions and the ones enacted in clinical wards – and contradictions that emerge even within one clinical setting; (2) political, i.e. conflicts that arise between students and clinical staff, especially personnel with a lower qualification profile than the degree that students pursue; (3) material, i.e. the disconnect between contemporary instruments and equipment available in schools and the lack thereof in clinical settings; and (4) temporal, i.e. restricted opportunities for supervised practice owing to time constraints in clinical settings in which education tends to be undervalued. Many of these aspects are linked to and aggravated by infrastructural limitations, which are typical for the setting of a developing country. Nursing students need to be prepared regarding how to deal with the identified procedural, political, material and temporal tensions before and while being immersed in clinical practice, and, in so doing, they need to be supported by educationally better qualified clinical staff.

Perbedaan Penggunaan Antikoagulan K2EDTA DAN K3EDTA Terhadap Hasil Pemeriksaan Indeks Eritrosit

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Wahdaniah Wahdaniah ◽  
Sri Tumpuk
Keyword(s):  
Screening Test ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ethylene Diamine ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Index Value

Abstract: Routine blood examination is the earliest blood test or screening test to determine the diagnosis of an abnormality. Blood easily froze if it is outside the body and can be prevented by the addition of anticoagulants, one of which Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate (EDTA). Currently available vacuum tubes containing EDTA anticoagulants in the form of K2EDTA and K3EDTA. K3EDTA is usually a salt that has better stability than other EDTA salts because it shows a pH approaching a blood pH of about 6.4. The purpose of this research is to know the difference of erythrocyte index results include MCH, MCV and MCHC using K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA. This research is a cross sectional design. This study used venous blood samples mixed with K2EDTA anticoagulant and venous blood mixed with K3EDTA anticoagulants, each of 30 samples. Data were collected and analyzed using paired different test. Based on data analysis that has been done on MCH examination, p value <0,05 then there is a significant difference between samples with K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA to erythrocyte index value. Then on the examination of MCV and MCHC obtained p value <0.05 then there is no significant difference between samples with K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA to erythrocyte index value.Abstrak: Pemeriksaan darah rutin merupakan pemeriksaan darah yang paling awal atau screening test untuk mengetahui diagnosis suatu kelainan. Darah mudah membeku jika berada diluar tubuh dan bisa dicegah dengan penambahan antikoagulan, salah satunya Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate (EDTA). Dewasa ini telah tersedia tabung vakum yang sudah berisi antikoagulan EDTA dalam bentuk  K2EDTA dan  K3EDTA. K3EDTA  biasanya berupa garam yang mempunyai stabilitas yang lebih baik dari garam EDTA yang lain karena menunjukkan pH yang mendekati pH darah yaitu sekitar 6,4. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil indeks eritrosit meliputi MCH, MCV dan MCHC menggunakan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan desain cross sectional. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel darah vena yang dicampur dengan antikoagulan K2EDTA dan darah vena yang dicampur dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA, masing-masing sebanyak 30 sampel. Data dikumpulkan dan dianalisis menggunakan uji beda berpasangan. Berdasarkan analisis data yang telah dilakukan pada pemeriksaan MCH didapatkan nilai p < 0,05 maka ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara sampel dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA terhadap nilai indeks eritrosit. Kemudian pada pemeriksaan MCV dan MCHC didapatkan nilai p < 0,05 maka tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara sampel dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA terhadap nilai indeks eritrosit.

РОЛЬ ФИЗИЧЕСКОЙ РАЗМИНКИ В ПОДГОТОВКЕ К ТРЕНИРОВОЧНЫМ ЗАНЯТИЯМ И СОРЕВНОВАНИЯМ ШАХМАТИСТОВ БГУ

2019 ◽  
pp. 63-65
Author(s):  
Судоргин Е.П. ◽  
Карсакова И.Н.
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Physical Exercises ◽  
Methods Of Evaluation ◽  
Mental Fitness ◽  
Physical Preparation ◽  
Tools And Methods

Аннотация: О роли разминки перед тренировкой и соревнованиями написано много научных статьей и диссертаций. Ещё больше о значимости физической подготовки спортсменов, в том числе и шахматистов. В то же время авторы считают, что вопросу физической подготовки шахматистов и в частности разминке в научной и научно-методической литературе уделяется недостаточно внимания. В своей статье авторы приводят собственные экспериментальные данные о влиянии физических упражнений (разминки) на умственную работоспособность студентов-шахматистов БГУ и как следствие на спортивные результаты команды. Ключевые слова: Шахматы, разминка, умственная работоспособность, средства и методы разминки, методы оценки результатов. Аннотация: Машыгуунун жана мелдештердин алдында даярдоонун ролу жөнүндө көптөгөн илимий макала жана диссертация жазылган. Ошондой эле илимий жана илимий-методикалык адабияттарда шахматка даярдоого көп көңүл бурулбай жатат. Макаланын авторлору шахмат ойногон студенттерге физикалык көнүгүүлөрдүн тийгизген таасири жөнүндө өздөрүнүн эксперименталдык маалыматтарын көргөзүштү. Түйүндүү сөздөр: Шахмат, акыл-дарамет, курулуштар жана ыкмалар, баа берүү жыйынтыгы боюнча кабыл алынат. Abstract: on the role of warm-up before training and competitions written many scientific articles and theses. More about the significance of the physical preparation of athletes, including players. At the same time, the authors believe that the issue of fit- ness players and in particular workout in scientific and scientific-methodical literature neglected. In his article the authors cite their own experimental data on the influence of physical exercises (warm-up) on the mental fitness of students-BSU players and as a result the sport performance team. Keywords: chess, warm-up, mental fitness, workout tools and methods, methods of evaluation results.

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