scholarly journals Main principles and methodological bases in determination of economic losses from occupational morbidity of the working population of Ukraine

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. I. Kolodyazna ◽  
◽  
A. M. Nahorna ◽  
M. P. Sokolova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Losses ◽  
Working Population

scholarly journals Aristotle’s Two Cities: Reducing Diversity to Homogeneity

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-73
Author(s):  
Refik Güremen
Keyword(s):  
Main Concern ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
Working People ◽  
Virtuous Life

Abstract It has often been argued, in scholarly debate, that Aristotle’s denial of citizenship to the working population of his ideal city in Book VII of the Politics constitutes a fundamental injustice. According to this view, although it is true that their way of life prevents them from living a morally virtuous life, it does not follow that the working people are naturally devoid of the human qualities required for such a life. So, rather than finding a just way to distribute citizenship among the diversity a city’s population would naturally exhibit (as he does, to a certain extent, in Book III), Aristotle would commit himself to oligarchic measures in Book VII. In this article, it is argued that the main concern of Book VII is less with a just determination of the extent of citizenship (unlike Book III) than with conceiving the most efficient way for a city to be happy: this consists in establishing a community composed of individuals who lay claim to happiness in the same way and to the same degree. In other words, it consists in reducing the diversity of Book III to a certain kind of homogeneity.

scholarly journals Seroprevalance of Toxoplasmosis in sheep and goat: Iraq/ Sulaimania

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
Lazem H. Al-Taie
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Neural System ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Back Ground ◽  
Qualitative Determination

Back ground: Toxoplasmosis is an important zoonosis that causes economic losses in animal herds due to abortion and stillbirth as well as changes in the reproductive and neural system of susceptible animals . Objective: The aims of the present study is to determination the prevalence of T. gondii in farm animals ( sheep& goat)of both genders and different ages in Sulaimani province by using two serological tests (ELISA and LAT). Methods: Blood samples were collected from farm animals ,142 sheep and 46 goats , of different sexes and ages. Tow different serological tests ,ELISA and LAT for qualitative determination of T. gondii antibody titer in sheep and goats serum samples. Results: The prevalence rate in sheep was 73 (51.7 %) and 82 (57 %) , and 21 (54.6 %) and 25 (54.35 %) in goats ,by ELISA and LAT respectively. The prevalence of toxoplasmosis was highest in age group 7-9 (66.6%) in sheep in compares’ with other age groups. There was no significant differences between both spp.and tow test. Conclusion: Statistical results show no significant differences between both tests (ELISA &LAT) at (P ≥ 0.05).The prevalence of toxoplasmosis was increased proportionally with the age of animals, while gender has no effect on the prevalent rate .

scholarly journals Determination of Primary and Secondary Lahar Flow Paths of the Fuego Volcano (Guatemala) Using Morphometric Parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Cando-Jácome ◽  
Antonio Martínez-Graña
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Landslide ◽  
Pyroclastic Flows ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Hazard Maps ◽  
Topographic Wetness Index ◽  
Flow Paths ◽  
Differential Interferometry ◽  
Fuego Volcano ◽  
Morphological Indices

On 3 June 2018, a strong eruption of the Fuego volcano in Guatemala produced a dense cloud of 10-km-high volcanic ash and destructive pyroclastic flows that caused nearly 200 deaths and huge economic losses in the region. Subsequently, due to heavy rains, destructive secondary lahars were produced, which were not plotted on the hazard maps using the LAHAR Z software. In this work we propose to complement the mapping of this type of lahars using remote-sensing (Differential Interferometry, DINSAR) in Sentinel images 1A and 2A, to locate areas of deformation of the relief on the flanks of the volcano, areas that are possibly origin of these lahars. To determine the trajectory of the lahars, parameters and morphological indices were analyzed with the software System for Automated Geoscientific Analysis (SAGA). The parameters and morphological indices used were the accumulation of flow (FCC), the topographic wetness index (TWI), the length-magnitude factor of the slope (LS). Finally, a slope stability analysis was performed using the Shallow Landslide Susceptibility software (SHALSTAB) based on the Mohr–Coulomb theory and its parameters: internal soil saturation degree and effective precipitation, parameters required to destabilize a hillside. In this case, the application of this complementary methodology provided a more accurate response of the areas destroyed by primary and secondary lahars in the vicinity of the volcano.

scholarly journals Methods of mycobacterial DNA isolation from different biological material: a review

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 180-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hosek ◽  
P. Svastova ◽  
M. Moravkova ◽  
I. Pavlik ◽  
M. Bartos
Keyword(s):  
Dna Isolation ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Serious Infections ◽  
Biochemical Characterisation ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Wide Family

Mycobacteria cause serious infections in animals and human beings. Huge economic losses on farms are caused by selected species of this wide family. A high risk of transmission of infection from animal to human exists. The knowledge of exact pathogen characteristics is an important factor which can improve quick and adequate healing. Cultivation and determination of phenotype is still the “gold standard”, but has the disadvantage of taking a long time and also low detection limit. Biochemical characterisation of isolates is not exact, and it is expensive. A more popular method used is the amplification of specific loci by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). For this method, the isolation of sufficient amounts of purified DNA is necessary. In this paper the most frequently used method for DNA isolation from live mycobacterial cells, body fluids, tissues, histological samples and forensic materials are outlined. This paper assists only as guide for these methods, so we describe them briefly.

scholarly journals The influence of haemolysis on the determination of vitamin E in cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-381
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Filípek ◽  
Romana Kadek ◽  
Josef Illek
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Repeated Sampling ◽  
Analytical Phase ◽  
Test Result ◽  
Vitamin E Supplementation

The study deals with the influence of haemolysis on the results of vitamin E determination in plasma (serum) in cattle. Although nowadays specific High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) techniques are used almost exclusively for the determination of vitamin E, this indicator is also influenced by haemolysis. This occurs in the pre-analytical phase due to the fact that iron contained in haemoglobin is able to catalyze peroxidation reactions. Subsequently, changes occur mainly in polyunsaturated fatty acids in the lipoprotein components of serum/plasma. The vitamin E present inhibits this process, as a result of which its concentration is reduced. The experiment was performed by preparing model samples with a defined degree of haemolysis by adding haemolysate to the centrifuged plasma in the range of ca 0–12 g/l, i.e. mild to severe haemolysis. After 4 h of incubation at room temperature, the vitamin E concentration was determined by the HPLC method. Haemolysis was found to reduce the test result; mild one (approximately up to 2 g/l) non-significantly, medium and severe haemolysis by up to tens of percent, which warrants repeated sampling. False reductions in results will not endanger the patient’s health, but economic losses may occur due to unnecessary check-ups and increased vitamin E supplementation.

scholarly journals Determination of Aflatoxin M1 in Pasteurized Liquid and Powdered Milk Products Imported to Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Masoumeh Mahmoodi Maymand ◽  
◽  
Mansooreh Mazaheri ◽  
Mahboobeh Talebi Mehrdar ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Powdered Milk ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Growth Development

Background: Mycotoxins are the secondary metabolites of molds and have adverse effects on humans, animals, and crops, resulting in illnesses and economic losses. Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a hepatocarcinogen found in the milk from animals that have consumed feeds contaminated with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Milk is a highly nutritious food and is a source of necessary macro- and micro-nutrients for the growth, development and maintenance of human health. Methods: The presence of AFM1 was investigated in 70 samples of imported pasteurized and powdered milk products available to the Iranian consumers. The level of AFM1 was determined by HPLC method equipped with immunoaffinity cleanup. Results: The results showed that 32% of the analyzed samples were positive for AFM1 at 0.05-3.31 μg/kg. Also, 16% of analyzed samples were positive for AFM1at concentrations higher than the limit permitted by the Iranian standards. Conclusion: The detection of AFM1 contamination in the analyzed samples indicates the importance of the health of animal feeds. Thus, monitoring the imported feed materials, especially those arriving at Iranian borders is crucial in the prevention of AFM1 and AFB1 contaminations spreading across the domestic market.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DAMAGE ASSOCIATED WITH MORTALITY FROM RESPIRATORY CANCER IN THE TOMSK REGION (2005–2016)

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
L. D. Zhuikova ◽  
E. L. Choynzonov ◽  
O. A. Ananina ◽  
A. S. Zhuikova ◽  
T. V. Polychuk
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Larynx Cancer ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Respiratory Cancer ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Tomsk Region ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. A significant component in the system analysis of anti-cancer activities is the assessment of the impact of mortality on life expectancy, which indicates the social and economic situation in the region.Material and methods. The economic damage caused by laryngeal and lung cancer mortality in the Tomsk region for the period 2005–2016 was analyzed using the database of the regional cancer registry and local agency of federal state statistics service of the tomsk region.Results. The loss of the male working population ranged from 106.0 (2012–2013) to 161.5 (2008–2009) person/years of lifetime from larynx cancer and from 1058.5 (2013–2014) to 1576.3 (2006–2007) person/years of lifetime from lung cancer. The female working population lost up to 34.0 (2013–2014) person/years of lifetime due to mortality from larynx cancer and from 1445.3 (2005–2006) to 2553.9 (2015–2016) person/years of lifetime from lung cancer. The average number of undelivered years in working age due to the premature death of one man averaged 6.1 ± 2.0 years from larynx cancer and 11.1 ± 1.3 from lung cancer, one woman averaged 4.6 ± 0.9 years from larynx cancer and 6.2 ± 0.3 years from lung cancer. Economic losses associated with mortality from cancer of the respiratory system amounted to 2.251.97 million rubles: 202.07 million rubles from laryngeal cancer and 2.049.90 million rubles from lung cancer.Conclusion. The quantitative analysis of social and economic losses associated with mortality from cancer of the respiratory system enables the regional health authorities to develop and implement anti-cancer interventions to maximize the use of funds for the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of cancer patients.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Anisotropic Structure of Travertine in Terms of Geological and Physico-Mechanical Properties: Sarıhıdır (Avanos-Nevşehir) Travertine Quarry

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ersin Kolay ◽  
Gökhan Karakoç ◽  
Uğur Temiz
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Ultramafic Rocks ◽  
Anisotropic Structure ◽  
Engineering Parameters ◽  
Cutting Direction ◽  
Physical Index ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Travertine is a sedimentary rock with generally layered structure, mainly comprising carbonate. They are used for different purposes in interior and exterior spaces by cutting parallel or perpendicular to the bedding according to use. Travertine may contain several facies linked to variations in conditions during formation. With these features, travertine is one of the rocks with anisotropy most commonly observed. In this study, the anisotropic structure due to facies and layering in travertine was investigated considering geological and engineering properties. The Sarıhıdır travertine quarry face was divided into four different zones with different features. Chemical, mineralogic, physical, index and mechanical properties of the samples taken from these zones were determined. During determination of engineering parameters, samples were prepared parallel and perpendicular to bedding. The source of the travertine is a mixture of limestone, dolomite, evaporite and ultramafic rocks and they have epigean character, though they were affected by the hypogean environment. It appeared there were textural differences between the zones, rather than differences in chemical and mineralogic composition. When travertine was cut parallel to layering, all zones were suitable for decoration and facing. Only T-4 zone samples cut parallel were useable for flooring and load-bearing elements. In terms of compression and abrasion resistance, T-4 zone was better than the other zones. The cut direction of the travertine samples is an important factor for physical and mechanical behavior. Samples cut parallel to layering were observed to provide better results. According to the results, it is recommended to use products from the same travertine zone side-by-side in structures and to consider the cutting direction for long life of the building and to prevent economic losses.

scholarly journals Glycerolysis of Poly(lactic acid) as a Way to Extend the “Life Cycle” of This Material

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Borowicz ◽  
Joanna Paciorek-Sadowska ◽  
Marek Isbrandt ◽  
Łukasz Grzybowski ◽  
Bogusław Czupryński
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Economic Point

The article concerns the use of glycerolysis reaction as an alternative method of processing post-production and post-consumer waste from poly(lactic acid) (PLA). Management of waste is a very important issue from an environmental protection and economic point of view. Extending the “life cycle” of PLA is extremely important because it allows to make the most of this material. It also limits economic losses resulting from its disposal in the biodegradation process at the same time. This paper presents a method of glycerolysis of poly(lactic acid) waste using various amounts of anhydrous glycerol (mass ratio from 0.3 to 0.5 parts by weight of glycerol per 1.0 part by weight of PLA). This process was also carried out for pure, unmodified PLA Ingeo® (from NatureWorks) to compare the obtained results. The six liquid oligomeric polyhydric alcohols were obtained as a result of the synthesis. Then, they were subjected to physicochemical tests such as determination of color, smell, density, viscosity, and pH. In addition, the obtained raw materials were subjected to analytical tests such as determination of the hydroxyl value, acid value, water content, and elemental composition. The average molecular weights and dispersity were also tested by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The assumed chemical structure of the obtained compounds was confirmed by spectroscopic methods such as FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR. Glycerolysis products were also subjected to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to determine thermal parameters. The obtained research results have allowed the precise characterization of newly obtained products and determination of their suitability, e.g., for the synthesis of polyurethane (PUR) materials.

scholarly journals Serological and Molecular Techniques for the Diagnostic of Brucellosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 378-386
Author(s):  
Mujeeb Ur Rahman ◽  
Amir Ullah ◽  
Haroon Haroon ◽  
Muhammad Bilal ◽  
Fazal Mehmood Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Malta Fever ◽  
Proper Diagnosis

Brucellosis is known as undulant fever or Malta fever, caused by the genus Brucella. It is the most common human zoonosis. The disease is worldwide distributed and causes significant economic losses. In animals, it causes abortion, reduction in milk production, and infertility. While brucellosis in humans is a debilitating disease with various clinical manifestations that may lead to death in some cases. Control of disease in animals needs proper diagnosis, permanent monitoring of brucellosis-free herds, and removal of infected animals. The current review will discuss the serological and molecular techniques daily used for the determination of brucellosis in animals and humans.  

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