scholarly journals Macrophage Phenotypes in the Adipose Tissue of Postmenopausal Women

2015 ◽  
pp. S427-S433
Author(s):  
A. KRÁLOVÁ ◽  
I. KRÁLOVÁ LESNÁ ◽  
J. FRONĚK ◽  
S. ČEJKOVÁ ◽  
A. SEKERKOVÁ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Stromal Vascular Fraction ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Kidney Donors ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Living Kidney Donors ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Atherosclerosis pathology is the interplay between high intravascular LDL particle concentration and monocyte/macrophage presence within the sub-endothelial space of the artery. In this project, phenotypes of macrophages connected with subclinical inflammation in adipose tissue of living kidney donors were studied. Samples of subcutaneous adipose tissue of living kidney donors (n=36) were exposed to collagenase. Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) was eluted from the samples, then labeled with monoclonal antibodies (anti-CD14 and anti-calprotectin), conjugated with fluorochromes and analyzed by flow cytometry. The positive correlation between the number of total macrophages and calprotectin-positive macrophages with BMI in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of postmenopausal women was demonstrated (p<0.05; R=0.43 and p<0.01; R=0.60), whereas no positive correlation in premenopausal women and men was shown. In conclusion, we documented a significant effect of BMI increase on the presence of total macrophages in adipose tissue of postmenopausal women, in contrast to premenopausal women. This difference was much more pronounced when proinflammatory macrophages with membrane-bound calprotectin were analyzed.

MP06-14 IMPACT OF VISCERAL AND SUBCUTANEOUS ADIPOSE TISSUE ON POST DONATION RENAL FUNCTION IN LIVING KIDNEY DONORS

2017 ◽  
Vol 197 (4S) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyung Ho Lee ◽  
Sook Young Kim ◽  
Young Eun Yoon ◽  
Sung Ku Kang ◽  
Jae Yong Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Kidney Donors ◽  
Living Kidney Donors ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

scholarly journals Subcutaneous adipose tissue insulin resistance is associated with visceral adiposity in postmenopausal women

Obesity ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1458-1463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beret A. Casey ◽  
Wendy M. Kohrt ◽  
Robert S. Schwartz ◽  
Rachael E. Van Pelt
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adiposity ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

scholarly journals Proteome of Human Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells versus Mature Adipocytes Based on DIGE

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1519-1527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indu Kheterpal ◽  
Ginger Ku ◽  
Liana Coleman ◽  
Gang Yu ◽  
Andrey A. Ptitsyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Stromal Vascular Fraction ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

scholarly journals Comparison of infrapatellar and subcutaneous adipose tissue stromal vascular fraction and stromal/stem cells in osteoarthritic subjects

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 757-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Pires de Carvalho ◽  
Katie M. Hamel ◽  
Robert Duarte ◽  
Andrew G. S. King ◽  
Masudul Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Stromal Vascular Fraction ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose ◽  
Stromal Stem Cells

Estradiol effects on subcutaneous adipose tissue lipolysis in premenopausal women are adipose tissue depot specific and treatment dependent

2013 ◽  
Vol 304 (11) ◽  
pp. E1167-E1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen M. Gavin ◽  
Elizabeth E. Cooper ◽  
Dustin K. Raymer ◽  
Robert C. Hickner
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Submaximal Exercise ◽  
Rest Perfusion ◽  
Adrenergic Antagonist ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
Regional Adiposity ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Estrogen has direct effects within adipose tissue and has been implicated in regional adiposity; however, the influence of estrogen on in vivo lipolysis is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of local 17β-estradiol (E2) on subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) lipolysis in premenopausal women. In vivo lipolysis (dialysate glycerol) was measured in 17 women (age 27.4 ± 2.0 yr, BMI 29.7 ± 0.5 kg/m2) via microdialysis of abdominal (AB) and gluteal (GL) SAT. Glycerol was measured at baseline and during acute interventions to increase lipolysis including local perfusion of isoproterenol (ISO, β-adrenergic agonist, 1.0 μmol/l), phentolamine (PHEN, α-adrenergic antagonist, 0.1 mmol/l), and submaximal exercise (60% V̇o2peak, 30 min); all with and without coperfusion of E2(500 nmol/l). E2coperfusion blunted the lipolytic response to ISO in AB (E2196 ± 31%, control 258 ± 26%, P = 0.003) but not in GL (E2113 ± 14%, control 111 ± 12%, P = 0.43) adipose tissue. At rest, perfusion of PHEN with ISO did not change dialysate glycerol. Submaximal exercise during ISO + PHEN increased dialysate glycerol in the AB (56 ± 9%) and GL (62 ± 12%) regions. Probes perfused with E2during exercise and ISO + PHEN had an increased lipolytic response in AB (90 ± 9%, P = 0.007) but a lower response in GL (35 ± 7%, P = 0.05) SAT compared with no-E2conditions. E2effects on lipolysis are region specific and may work through both adrenergic and adrenergic-independent mechanisms to potentiate and/or blunt SAT lipolysis in premenopausal women.

scholarly journals A novel conjunctive microenvironment derived from human subcutaneous adipose tissue contributes to physiology of its superficial layer

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandra Santos Baptista ◽  
Isis Côrtes ◽  
Bianca Montenegro ◽  
Cesar Claudio-da-Silva ◽  
Marielle Bouschbacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Stromal Vascular Fraction ◽  
Superficial Fascia ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Retinacula Cutis ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Abstract Background In human subcutaneous adipose tissue, the superficial fascia distinguishes superficial and deep microenvironments showing extensions called retinacula cutis. The superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue has been described as hyperplastic and the deep subcutaneous adipose tissue as inflammatory. However, few studies have described stromal-vascular fraction (SVF) content and adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) behavior derived from superficial and deep subcutaneous adipose tissue. In this study, we analyzed a third conjunctive microenvironment: the retinacula cutis superficialis derived from superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue. Methods The samples of abdominal human subcutaneous adipose tissue were obtained during plastic aesthetic surgery in France (Declaration DC-2008-162) and Brazil (Protocol 145/09). Results The SVF content was characterized in situ by immunofluorescence and ex vivo by flow cytometry revealing a high content of pre-adipocytes rather in superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue microenvironment. Adipogenic assays revealed higher percentage of lipid accumulation area in ASCs from superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue compared with retinacula cutis superficialis (p < 0.0001) and deep subcutaneous adipose tissue (p < 0.0001). The high adipogenic potential of superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue was corroborated by an up-regulation of adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (FABP4) compared with retinacula cutis superficialis (p < 0.0001) and deep subcutaneous adipose tissue (p < 0.0001) and of C/EBPα (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha) compared with retinacula cutis superficialis (p < 0.0001) and deep subcutaneous adipose tissue (p < 0.0001) microenvironments. Curiously, ASCs from retinacula cutis superficialis showed a higher level of adiponectin receptor gene compared with superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue (p = 0.0409), widely known as an anti-inflammatory hormone. Non-induced ASCs from retinacula cutis superficialis showed higher secretion of human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), compared with superficial (p = 0.0485) and deep (p = 0.0112) subcutaneous adipose tissue and with adipogenic-induced ASCs from superficial (p = 0.0175) and deep (p = 0.0328) subcutaneous adipose tissue. Furthermore, ASCs from retinacula cutis superficialis showed higher secretion of Chemokine (C–C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5) compared with non-induced (p = 0.0029) and induced (p = 0.0089) superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue. Conclusions This study highlights the contribution to ASCs from retinacula cutis superficialis in their angiogenic property previously described for the whole superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue besides supporting its adipogenic potential for superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue.

scholarly journals Reductions in visceral fat during weight loss and walking are associated with improvements inV˙o 2 max

2001 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole A. Lynch ◽  
Barbara J. Nicklas ◽  
Dora M. Berman ◽  
Karen E. Dennis ◽  
Andrew P. Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Tissue Area ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

The accumulation of visceral fat is independently associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to determine whether the loss of visceral adipose tissue area (VAT; computed tomography) is related to improvements in maximal O2 uptake (V˙o 2 max) during a weight loss (250–350 kcal/day deficit) and walking (3 days/wk, 30–40 min) intervention. Forty obese [body fat 47 ± 1 (SE) %], sedentary (V˙o 2 max 19 ± 1 ml · kg−1 · min−1) postmenopausal women (age 62 ± 1 yr) participated in the study. The intervention resulted in significant declines in body weight (−8%), total fat mass (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; −17%), VAT (−17%), and subcutaneous adipose tissue area (−17%) with no change in lean body mass (all P < 0.001). Women with an average 10% increase in V˙o 2 max reduced VAT by an average of 20%, whereas those who did not increaseV˙o 2 max decreased VAT by only 10%, despite comparable reductions in body fat, fat mass, and subcutaneous adipose tissue area. The decrease in VAT was independently related to the change in V˙o 2 max( r 2 = 0.22; P < 0.01) and fat mass ( r 2 = 0.08; P = 0.05). These data indicate that greater improvements inV˙o 2 max with weight loss and walking are associated with greater reductions in visceral adiposity in obese postmenopausal women.

Effects of testosterone and estrogen treatment on lipolysis signaling pathways in subcutaneous adipose tissue of postmenopausal women

2007 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Zang ◽  
Mikael Rydén ◽  
Kerstin Wåhlen ◽  
Karin Dahlman-Wright ◽  
Peter Arner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Estrogen Treatment ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

scholarly journals Estradiol acutely inhibits whole body lipid oxidation and attenuates lipolysis in subcutaneous adipose tissue: a randomized, placebo-controlled study in postmenopausal women

2012 ◽  
Vol 167 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Christian Gormsen ◽  
Christian Høst ◽  
Britta Eilersen Hjerrild ◽  
Steen Bønløkke Pedersen ◽  
Søren Nielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Lipid ◽  
Receptor Mrna ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

ContextEstradiol (E2) promotes and maintains the female phenotype characterized by subcutaneous fat accumulation. There is evidence to suggest that this effect is due to increased anti-lipolytic α2A-adrenergic receptors, but whether this requires long-term exposure to E2or is an immediate effect is not clear.ObjectiveTo study acute effects of a single dose (4 mg) of 17β-E2on regional and systemic lipolysis.MethodsSixteen postmenopausal women (age, 59±5 years; weight, 67±10 kg; and BMI, 24.8±2.9) were studied in a crossover design: i) placebo and ii) 4 mg E2. Basal and adrenaline-stimulated regional lipolysis was assessed by microdialysis and substrate oxidation rates by indirect calorimetry. Tissue biopsies were obtained to assess lipoprotein lipase activity and mRNA expression of adrenergic, estrogen, cytokine, and vascular reactivity receptors.ResultsAcute E2stimulation significantly attenuated catecholamine-stimulated lipolysis in femoral subcutaneous adipose tissue (interstitial glycerol concentration (micromole/liter) ANOVA time vs treatment interaction,P=0.01) and lipolysis in general in abdominal adipose tissue (ANOVA treatment alone,P<0.05). E2also reduced basal lipid oxidation ((mg/kg per min) placebo, 0.58±0.06 vs E2, 0.45±0.03;P=0.03) and induced a significantly higher expression of anti-lipolytic α2A-adrenergic receptor mRNA (P=0.02) in skeletal muscle tissue as well as an upregulation ofeNOS(NOS3) mRNA (P=0.02).ConclusionE2acutely attenuates the lipolytic response to catecholamines in subcutaneous adipose tissue, shifts muscular adrenergic receptor mRNA toward anti-lipolytic α2A-receptors, decreases whole body lipid oxidation, and enhances expression of markers of vascular reactivity.

scholarly journals Subcutaneous adipose tissue distribution and serum lipid/lipoprotein in unmedicated postmenopausal women: A B-mode ultrasound study

Imaging ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Abe ◽  
Vickie Wong ◽  
Zachary W. Bell ◽  
Robert W. Spitz ◽  
Scott J. Dankel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Tissue Distribution ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Adipose Tissue Distribution ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Background:It has been observed that gluteal-femoral adipose tissue has a protective effect against risk factors for cardiovascular disease but has not yet been concluded how different evaluation methods of fat distribution affect the results.Methods:To test the hypothesis that B-mode ultrasound-measured subcutaneous adipose tissue distribution is associated with cardiovascular risk factors, 326 Japanese unmedicated postmenopausal women aged 50-70 years were analyzed. Subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness at 6 sites (anterior and posterior aspects of trunk, upper-arm, and thigh) and serum total (TC) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) was measured, and a ratio of HDLC to TC (HDLC/TC) was calculated. We used Bayesian linear regression with 4 separate models with each model predicting HDLC/TC.Results:Our first model provided evidence for an inverse correlation (r = –0.23) between ultrasound measured body fat (6 site measurement) and HDLC/TC. The second model noted evidence for an inverse correlation between trunk fat and HDLC/TC and found evidence for the null with respect to the correlation between thigh fat and HDLC/TC. Therefore, we added thigh fat to the null model to produce Distribution Model 2. Within this model, we noted an inverse correlation (r = –0.353) between trunk fat and HDLC/TC. Our last model determined that within the trunk fatness, the abdominal area (anterior trunk) was a larger predictor than the subscapular site (posterior trunk).Conclusion:These results support the evidence that ultrasound-measured abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness is a non-invasive predictor for monitoring the risk for dyslipidemia in postmenopausal women.

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