scholarly journals Association of Plasma Lipids Fatty Acid Composition With Metabolic Profile of Czech Adolescents

2015 ◽  
pp. S167-S175 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. HLAVATY ◽  
E. TVRZICKA ◽  
B. STANKOVA ◽  
H. ZAMRAZILOVA ◽  
B. SEDLACKOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Percentage Of Body Fat

Obesity in childhood increases the risk of obesity in adulthood and is predictive for the development of metabolic disorders. The fatty acid composition is associated with obesity and obesity-associated disorders. We investigated the relationship between serum fatty acids composition, adiposity, lipids profile, parameters of glucose metabolism and leptin. The study subjects were 380 adolescents aged 15.0-17.9 years. The study's variables included anthropometric measurements, levels of serum lipids and hormonal parameters. Individual fatty acids were determined in plasma by gas-liquid chromatography. Palmitoleic acid (16:1n-7, PA) significantly positively correlated with percentage of body fat. Saturated fatty acids in phospholipids (PL) positively correlated with BMI and percentage of body fat. PA content in all lipids classes positively correlated with total cholesterol (TC), HDL cholesterol, triglycerides (TG) levels. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) activity positively correlated with percentage of body fat and positive correlations of SCD and PA level with leptin were found. Plasma PA content and SCD are associated with adiposity and leptin in obese adolescents. No significant correlation between PA level and insulin resistance was found. Palmitoleate positively correlated with TC, HDL cholesterol, TG and LDL cholesterol levels.

scholarly journals Composition of human adipose tissue from deep and subcutaneous sites

1971 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. D. BROOK
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Human Adipose Tissue ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography

1. Adipose tissue was obtained simultaneously from subcutaneous and deep sites in children undergoing elective surgery, and from different subcutaneous sites in adults. The lipid content and fatty acid composition were measured using gas-liquid chromatography and the number of cells counted after fixation in osmium tetroxide. The mean amount of lipid per cell was used as a measure of the size of the cells.2. Cells from deep sites in children were significantly smaller (P > 0.001) than those from subcutaneous sites in the same individual. Cells from different subcutaneous sites were of similar size.3. The fatty acid composition of the lipids was similar in tissue taken from the abdominal wall and from deep sites.4. The fatty acid composition of adipose tissue from the lower leg showed an increase in the monounsaturated fatty acids and a decrease in the saturated fatty acids compared with the fatty acid composition of tissue from other subcutaneous sites.

Fatty Acids of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)

1972 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Worthington ◽  
T. S. Boggess Jr. ◽  
E. K. Heaton
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

Representative samples of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque) were obtained from five processing plants and analyzed by gas–liquid chromatography for fatty acid composition of muscle tissues. Twenty-three fatty acids were measured. The saturated fatty acids comprised 26.5%, monoenes 48.1%, dienes 13.0%, trienes 3.1%, tetraenes 3.6%, pentaenes 1.3%, and hexaenes 1.9% of total fatty acids. Fatty acid composition varied significantly (P <.01) among fish obtained from the same plant, and in addition, significant variation associated with processing plant was observed for some fatty acids.

scholarly journals Site differences in the fatty acid composition of subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese women

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ph. G. Pittet ◽  
D. Halliday ◽  
P. E. Bateman
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Obese Women

1. Adipose tissue samples were obtained by needle biopsy from three subcutaneous sites (thigh, abdomen and upper arm) in twenty-two obese women. The fatty acid composition was determined using gas-liquid chromatography and the results presented relate to eleven component fatty acids.2. The fatty acid composition of adipose tissue obtained from the arm and abdomen was remarkably similar, with the exception of the levels of lauric acid.3. The analyses showed that the majority of the saturated fatty acids were present in smaller proportions whilist the majority of unsaturated fatty acids were present in larger proportions in the thigh than in the two other sites. Highly significant inter-site differences were demonstrated for six of the major fatty acids and also for both the total amounts of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and their ratios.4. No marked differences in the fatty acid composition of adipose tissue from obese subjects were revealed during this study when compared with previously reported results obtained from ‘normal-weight’ subjects.

scholarly journals Inflammatory response to dietary linoleic acid depends on FADS1 genotype

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria A Lankinen ◽  
Alexander Fauland ◽  
Bun-ichi Shimizu ◽  
Jyrki Ågren ◽  
Craig E Wheelock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Limited Information

ABSTRACT Background The health benefits of substituting dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for saturated fatty acids are well known. However, limited information exists on how the response to dietary intake of linoleic acid (LA; 18:2n–6) is modified by polymorphisms in the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene cluster. Objectives The aim of the current study was to test the hypothesis that the FADS1 rs174550 genotype modifies the effect of dietary LA intake on the fatty acid composition of plasma lipids, fasting glucose, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). Methods Associations were investigated between genotype, plasma PUFAs, fasting glucose, and hsCRP concentrations in the cross-sectional, population-based Metabolic Syndrome in Men cohort (n = 1337). In addition, 62 healthy men from the cohort who were homozygotes for the TT or CC genotype of the FADS1 rs174550 were recruited to a 4-wk intervention (FADSDIET) with an LA-enriched diet. The fatty acid composition of plasma PUFAs and concentrations of plasma fasting glucose, serum hsCRP, and plasma lipid mediators (eicosanoids and related analogs) were measured at the beginning and end of the 4-wk intervention period. Results In the FADSDIET trial, the plasma LA proportion increased in both genotype groups in response to an LA-enriched diet. Responses in concentrations of serum hsCRP and plasma fasting glucose and the proportion of arachidonic acid (20:4n–6) in plasma phospholipids and cholesteryl esters differed between genotype groups (interaction of diet × genotype, P < 0.05). In TT homozygous subjects, plasma eicosanoid concentrations correlated with the arachidonic acid proportion in plasma and with hsCRP (r = 0.4–0.7, P < 0.05), whereas in the CC genotype there were no correlations. Conclusions Our findings show that the FADS1 genotype modifies metabolic responses to dietary LA. The emerging concept that personalized dietary counseling should be modified by the FADS1 genotype needs to be tested in larger randomized trials. The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02543216.

Fatty Acid Composition of Oil from Roasted and Unroasted Peanuts by Gas-Liquid Chromatography

1963 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 718-725
Author(s):  
John L Iverson ◽  
David Firestone ◽  
William Horwitz
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Eicosenoic Acid ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Gas Chromatograph

Abstract The fatty acid composition of oil extracted from 22 samples of roasted peanuts was examined by gas chromatography. The major components (&gt; 1%) were palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, arachidic, cis-11-eicosenoic (20:1), behenic (22:0), and lignoceric acids (24:0) . The identity of cis-11-eicosenoic acid was established by gas chromatography of its reduction products after ozonolysis of a sample collected from the gas chromatograph. Approximately 0.4% hexacosanoic (26:0) was present in the oils as well as trace amounts of odd chain-length saturated fatty acids (13—27 carbon atoms). Roasting the peanuts did not change the fatty acid composition of the extracted oil. The fatty acid composition of commercial peanut oils is similar to the composition of oils from roasted peanuts.

Platelet Aggregation in Finnish Men and Its Relation to Fatty Acids in Platelets, Plasma and Adipose Tissue

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (03) ◽  
pp. 563-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
M K Salo ◽  
E Vartiainen ◽  
P Puska ◽  
T Nikkari
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Ω3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Induced Aggregation

SummaryPlatelet aggregation and its relation to fatty acid composition of platelets, plasma and adipose tissue was determined in 196 randomly selected, free-living, 40-49-year-old men in two regions of Finland (east and southwest) with a nearly twofold difference in the IHD rate.There were no significant east-southwest differences in platelet aggregation induced with ADP, thrombin or epinephrine. ADP-induced platelet secondary aggregation showed significant negative associations with all C20-C22 ω3-fatty acids in platelets (r = -0.26 - -0.40) and with the platelet 20: 5ω3/20: 4ω 6 and ω3/ ω6 ratios, but significant positive correlations with the contents of 18:2 in adipose tissue (r = 0.20) and plasma triglycerides (TG) (r = 0.29). Epinephrine-induced aggregation correlated negatively with 20: 5ω 3 in plasma cholesteryl esters (CE) (r = -0.23) and TG (r = -0.29), and positively with the total percentage of saturated fatty acids in platelets (r = 0.33), but had no significant correlations with any of the ω6-fatty acids. Thrombin-induced aggregation correlated negatively with the ω3/6ω ratio in adipose tissue (r = -0.25) and the 20: 3ω6/20: 4ω 6 ratio in plasma CE (r = -0.27) and free fatty acids (FFA) (r = -0.23), and positively with adipose tissue 18:2 (r = 0.23) and 20:4ω6 (r = 0.22) in plasma phospholipids (PL).The percentages of prostanoid precursors in platelet lipids, i. e. 20: 3ω 6, 20: 4ω 6 and 20 :5ω 3, correlated best with the same fatty acids in plasma CE (r = 0.32 - 0.77) and PL (r = 0.28 - 0.74). Platelet 20: 5ω 3 had highly significant negative correlations with the percentage of 18:2 in adipose tissue and all plasma lipid fractions (r = -0.35 - -0.44).These results suggest that, among a free-living population, relatively small changes in the fatty acid composition of plasma and platelets may be reflected in significant differences in platelet aggregation, and that an increase in linoleate-rich vegetable fat in the diet may not affect platelet function favourably unless it is accompanied by an adequate supply of ω3 fatty acids.

PSVI-21 Fatty acid composition of blood lipids in lambs of different genotypes in ontogeny

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 232-233
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Karpova ◽  
Ludmila Chizhova ◽  
Eugenia Surzhikova
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Arachidonic Acids

Abstract The early period of postnatal ontogeny of sheep is characterized by a variety of metabolic processes that result in the formation and consolidation of a certain type of metabolism. A special role is played by lipids, which together with proteins and carbohydrates constitute the bulk of organic compounds, cells and the organism as a whole. The purpose of this research was to study the polymorphism of CAST and GH genes as well as its association with the fatty acid composition of blood plasma lipids in lambs. The content of fatty acids was determined by gas-liquid chromatography in the form of methyl esters. From the data obtained, it follows that in all studied ontogeny periods the peripheral blood of sheep with CASTNN and CASTMM genotypes had a higher concentration of fatty acids such as palmitic, stearic, linoleic, and arachidonic acids. The content is as follows: 27.58, 45.40, 3.16, 0.28% vs. 26.21, 45.31, 3.62, 0.18% at the age of 2 months; 25.07, 43.25, 6.05, 1.74% vs. 23.24, 38.76, 6.49, 1.32% at the age of 4 months; 20.64, 22.26, 14.17, 3.38% vs. 17.64, 19.91, 15.07, 2.46% at the age of 8 months (P ˂ 0.05), (P ˂ 0.01). Studies of blood lipid composition of GHBBand GHAA genotype carriers showed that palmitic, stearic, linoleic, and arachidonic acids were dominant: 27.95, 27.96, 19.04% vs. 26.08, 23.88, 17.56% at the age of 2 months, 46.87, 39.87, 22.37% vs. 3.24, 6.87, 15.56% at the age of 4 months; 0.45, 1.68, 3.81% vs. 0.29, 1.29, 3.19% at the age of 8 months (P ˂ 0.05), (P ˂ 0.01). Thus, this study emphasizes that there is a close relationship between the ratio of fatty acids in total blood lipids in lambs and the intensity of growth and development, ensuring and controlling the direction of biochemical processes in the growth and development of young sheep.

Genetic variation in fatty acid composition of subcutaneous fat in cattle

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Kelly ◽  
R. K. Tume ◽  
S. Newman ◽  
J. M. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Selection For

Genetic parameters were estimated for fatty acid composition of subcutaneous beef fat of 1573 animals which were the progeny of 157 sires across seven breeds grown out on pasture and then finished on either grain or grass in northern New South Wales or in central Queensland. There was genetic variation in individual fatty acids with estimates of heritability for the proportions of C14 : 0, C14 : 1c9, C16 : 0, C16 : 1c9, C18 : 0 and C18 : 1c9 fatty acids in subcutaneous beef fat of the order of 0.4 or above. Also substantial correlations between some fatty acids were observed. Genetic correlations between fatty acids and fat depth at the P8 site suggested that much of the genetic variation in fatty acid composition was related to changes in fatness. Selection for decreased fatness resulted in decreased proportions of C18 : 1c9 with concomitant increases in C18 : 0, C14 : 0 and C16 : 0. This suggested that selection for decreased fatness at a given weight will result in a decrease in the proportions of monounsaturated fatty acids in the subcutaneous fat in the carcass with a corresponding increase in the proportions of saturated fatty acids.

scholarly journals Chemical Properties and Fatty Acid Composition of Palado Seed Oil (Aglaia sp) Extracted Using Chloroform Solvent

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syamsul RAHMAN ◽  
Salengke Salengke ◽  
Abu Bakar TAWALI ◽  
Meta MAHENDRADATTA
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Food Ingredients

Palado (Aglaia sp) is a plant that grows wild in the forest around Mamuju regency of West Sulawesi, Indonesia. This plant is locally known as palado. Palado seeds (Aglaia sp) can be used as a source of vegetable oil because it contains approximately 14.75 % oil, and it has the potential to be used as food ingredients or as raw material for oil production. The purpose of this study was to determine the chemical properties and the composition of fatty acids contained in palado seed oil (Aglaia sp). The employed method involved the use of palado fruit that had been processed to be palado seed and undergoing flouring process. Palado flour was produced by the extraction process by using chloroform solvent with the soxhlet method. The characteristics of the chemical properties in the oil produced were analyzed by using a standard method, including iodine, saponification, and acid values. The analysis of fatty acid composition was conducted by using gas chromatography. The results showed that palado oil extracted with hexane had an iodine value of 15.38 mg/g, saponification value of 190.01 mg KOH/g, and acids value of 1.961 mg KOH/g. The fatty acid composition of the palado seed oil consisted of saturated fatty acids (41.601 %), which included palmitic acid (41.062 %), myristic acid (0.539 %), and unsaturated fatty acids (45.949 %), which included mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) such as (22.929 %), oleic acid and poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which was linoleic acid (23.020 %).

Effect of increasing stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase mRNA concentrations using forage and concentrate diets on the fatty acid composition of ovine adipose tissue

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 206-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.C.T.R. Daniel ◽  
R.J. Wynn ◽  
A.M. Salter ◽  
P.J. Buttery
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Coenzyme A ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Mrna Levels

Compared to meat from other animals lamb contains high levels of saturated fat, particularly stearic acid which comprises 18% of the total fatty acids (Enser et al, 1996). This stearic acid can be desaturated in the tissue by stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase (SCD) to produce oleic acid. In sheep SCD is produced from a single gene and the levels of SCD mRNA in the tissue correlate well with oleic acid (Ward et al, 1998, Barber et al, 2000) suggesting that an upregulation of SCD activity may increase the relative proportions of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids and so significantly improve the nutritional quality of sheep meat. Our recent studies have shown that insulin increases SCD mRNA levels and monounsaturated fatty acid synthesis in cultured ovine adipose tissue explants (Daniel et al, 2001). The present study was designed to investigate whether feeding a diet believed to manipulate SCD mRNA concentrations would significantly alter the fatty acid composition of lamb.

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