scholarly journals Grazing by the intertidal gastropod Melampus coffeus greatly increases mangrove leaf litter degradation rates

2005 ◽  
Vol 296 ◽  
pp. 209-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
CE Proffitt ◽  
DJ Devlin
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Litter Degradation ◽  
Intertidal Gastropod ◽  
Melampus Coffeus

scholarly journals Ecological relations between mangrove leaf litter and the spatial distribution of the gastropod Melampus coffeus in a fringe mangrove forest

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diva S. Tavares ◽  
Rafaela C. Maia ◽  
Cristina Rocha-Barreira ◽  
Helena Matthews-Cascon
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Physical Presence ◽  
Ecological Relations ◽  
Melampus Coffeus ◽  
Pulmonate Gastropod

Leaf litter represents a food source to many organisms that may directly contribute to organic matter decomposition. In addition, the physical presence of these vegetal detritus contributes for the modification of some environmental areas and produce microhabitats that may act as a refuge against predators and desiccation for many animals. The pulmonate gastropod Melampus coffeus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Ellobiidae) is a very common specie in Atlantic Coast mangrove forests and feeds on fallen mangrove leaves. It was hypothesized that the spatial distribution of Melampus coffeus is directly affected by mangrove leaf litter biomass deposition. Thus, this research aimed at evaluating the spatial distribution of these gastropods in relation to the biomass of mangrove leaf litter through a twelve-month period. The study area was established in the middle estuary of Pacoti River, state of Ceará, Brazil where two adjacent zones with different topographic profiles were determined. Samples of Melampus coffeus and leaf litter were collected monthly, throughout a year, from the mangrove ground surface. The results indicated that the presence of twigs in mangrove litter favor the occupation by smaller individuals of M. coffeus, probably because smaller individuals are more susceptible to predator attacks and desiccation than larger ones, and twigs and branches may provide a safe microhabitat.

scholarly journals Comparative Studies on the Effect of Adjuvants with Urea to Reduce the Overwintering Inoculum of Venturia inaequalis

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janna Beckerman ◽  
Chelsi Abbott
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Venturia Inaequalis ◽  
Apple Scab ◽  
Organic Surfactant ◽  
Comparable Performance ◽  
Improved Sanitation ◽  
Litter Degradation ◽  
Ascospore Production

A 2-year study on the use of organic and conventional adjuvants alone, or mixed with urea, was conducted for management of overwintering inoculum of the apple scab pathogen, Venturia inaequalis. Select adjuvants (LI 700, Bond Max, Latron B-1956, and Organic Wet Betty [OWB]) have the potential to hasten urea-driven leaf litter decomposition and reduce V. inaequalis overwintering inoculum comparable to urea, and that one organic surfactant could perform the same level of leaf decomposition as urea. Combinations of adjuvants with urea significantly improved leaf litter degradation compared with urea alone, concomitant with reducing the number of pseudothecia present and pseudothecium fertility. We demonstrate that the combination of urea with Bond Max or OWB reduced pseudothecia fertility and ascospore production to less than 5% in the remaining pseudothecia, a significantly greater reduction than with urea alone. These results suggest that conventional growers combine urea with Bond Max or OWB to more effectively reduce overwintering inoculum, and that the adjuvant OWB can provide organic growers with comparable performance to urea used in conventional orchards for improved sanitation.

Phycomycetes (Phytophthora spp. nov. and Pythium sp. nov.) associated with degrading mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) leaves

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (24) ◽  
pp. 2908-2922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack W. Fell ◽  
I. M. Master
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Rhizophora Mangle ◽  
Marine Waters ◽  
Red Mangrove ◽  
Phytophthora Spp ◽  
Litter Decay ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Litter Degradation ◽  
The Tropics

Fungi of the genus Phytophthora were found to be associated with the initial stages of leaf litter decay of Rhizophora mangle L. and other Rhizophora species in estuarine and coastal marine waters. Phytophthora appears to be an important component of red-mangrove litter degradation systems throughout the tropics, which includes the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. The distributions of Phytophthora vesicula Anastasiou et Churchland and four new species of Phytophthora are discussed, as well as their occurrence in other tropical marine allochthonous spermatophytic leaf litter. The descriptions of the new species and varieties, Phytophthora bahamensis, P. epistomium, P. mycoparasitica, P. spinosa var. spinosa, and P. spinosa var. lobata, are presented.Pythium was rarely observed in the mangrove litter system, although one species, Pythium grandisporangium sp.nov., is described.

scholarly journals Degradación de hojarasca y aporte de nutrientes del manglar en la Laguna Mecoacán, Golfo de México

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jony R. Torres V. ◽  
Dulce Infante-Mata ◽  
Alberto J. Sánchez ◽  
Alejandro Espinoza-Tenorio ◽  
Everardo Barba
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Avicennia Germinans ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Litter Degradation ◽  
Highly Correlated

Leaf litter degradation and nutrient supply in the mangroves of Mecoacán Lagoon, Gulf of Mexico. Mangroves are ecosystems with a high primary productivity that is mainly driven mainly by degradation processes. Energy (nutrients) flows from mangroves toward adjacent zones and the surrounding aquatic environment. The objective of the present study was to estimate the daily degradation coefficient (k) of mangrove leaves in relation to physical-chemical soil factors and in situ nutrient supply (phosphorus and nitrogen) in Mecoacán Lagoon, Gulf of Mexico. Leaf litter degradation bags were placed at six monthly monitoring sites to evaluate degradation and to calculate the corresponding degradation coefficients. A rapid degradation of up to 51 % was observed for Avicennia germinans (L.) Stearn during the first month in association with leaching resulting from flood conditions. The degradation of Rhizophora mangle (L.) (k= 0.0052±0.0002) (F= 12.2 p< 0.05 n= 216) and Laguncularia racemosa (L.) Gaertn (k= 0.005±0.0003) (F= 3.7 p= 0.2 n= 108), differed significantly from that of A. germinans (k= 0.009 ± 0.0003) (F= 1.2 p= 0.2 n= 216) did not present significant differences. To reach T50 degradation, R. mangle and L. racemosa required more time (133 and 138 days, respectively) than A. germinans (74 days). Organic matter and soil humidity were significantly correlated with the decay constant of A. germinans (r= 0.65 p< 0.05 and r= 0.55 p< 0.05, respectively). Total nitrogen content was highest in the Pajaral site (2 683 mg.kg) and was also highly correlated with organic matter content (r= 0.9 p= 0.003). Total phosphorus content was highest in the Boca site (2 031 mg.kg) and was also negatively correlated with pH (r= -0.61 p= 0.004). In conclusion, differences in the rate of mangrove leaf degradation depend on the involved species (leaf composition), time of exposure or immersion in water (flooding patterns) and sediment heterogeneity (i.e., texture, pH, humidity content and bulk density). Rev. Biol. Trop. 66(2): 892-907. Epub 2018 June 01. 

scholarly journals VELOCIDAD DE DESCOMPOSICIÓN DE LA HOJARASCA EN DIFERENTES SUSTRATOS DE MANGLAR DURANTE LA ÉPOCA DE LLUVIAS EN SAN ANDRÉS ISLA, CARIBE COLOMBIANO

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Sierra Rozo ◽  
José Ernesto Mancera Pineda ◽  
Adriana Santos Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Avicennia Germinans ◽  
Litter Production ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Red Mangrove ◽  
Loss Of Weight ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Litter Degradation ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
San Andres

Litter degradation was studied in various substrates of three mangrove wetlands in San Andrés Island, Colombian Caribbean, during the rainy season. Decomposition rates of Rhizophora mangle L. (red mangrove), Laguncularia racemosa (L.) C.F. Gaertn. (white mangrove) and Avicennia germinans (L.) L. (black mangrove) were measured in mesh bags. Some bags were placed below ground, other submerged in water, and other on the ground. Two sites in the study were fringe wetlands and the other one was an inland wetland. Some physical-chemical factors inuencing the decomposition of vegetal organic matter were evaluated. The best regression model tted to the degradation trends was the single square root. The interactions of time with biotic and abiotic factors determined the loss of weight from leaves. The faster degradation rates were obtained in fringe wetlands; aquatic and moisten edaphic environments; on A. germinans; and at the sites with associated consumer macrofauna. The fastest velocities were presented In the early stages of decomposition. In general, the smaller average percentage of remaining biomass after 15 weeks of incubation was presented by A. germinans (10 %), respect to R. mangle (29 %) and L. racemosa (28 %). By means of the results obtained and those one related with the rates of litter production in the same wetlands in study, a basic conceptualquantitative model of litter production-decomposition dynamic in San Andrés Island is proposed.

scholarly journals Leaf litter degradation in highly turbid transitional waters: preliminary results from litter-bag experiments in the Gironde Estuary

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fuentes-Cid ◽  
E. Chauvet ◽  
H. Etcheber ◽  
E. De-Oliveira ◽  
A. Sottolichio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Transitional Waters ◽  
Litter Bag ◽  
Gironde Estuary ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Litter Degradation ◽  
Bag Experiments

scholarly journals Effect of leaf litter degradation and seasonality on D/H isotope ratios of n-alkane biomarkers

2011 ◽  
Vol 75 (17) ◽  
pp. 4917-4928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Zech ◽  
Nikolai Pedentchouk ◽  
Björn Buggle ◽  
Katharina Leiber ◽  
Karsten Kalbitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Litter Degradation

scholarly journals Bioprospecting of microorganisms with lignocellulolytic enzyme activity for leaf litter degradation

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 465-470
Author(s):  
S Asha Priyanka ◽  
R Subhashini ◽  
R Jayashree ◽  
R Thamizh Vendan
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Litter Degradation

scholarly journals Leaf litter degradation in the wave impact zone of a pre-alpine lake

2008 ◽  
pp. 117-131
Author(s):  
Simone Pabst ◽  
Nicole Scheifhacken ◽  
John Hesselschwerdt ◽  
Karl M. Wantzen
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Alpine Lake ◽  
Impact Zone ◽  
Wave Impact ◽  
Litter Degradation

Effects of Forest Management Practices in Temperate Beech Forests on Bacterial and Fungal Communities Involved in Leaf Litter Degradation

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 905-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Witoon Purahong ◽  
Danuta Kapturska ◽  
Marek J. Pecyna ◽  
Katalee Jariyavidyanont ◽  
Jennifer Kaunzner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Beech Forests ◽  
Forest Management Practices ◽  
Litter Degradation
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