Weighting the Relevance of the Different Colours in Subjective Assessments of Colour Preference

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Peter Bodrogi ◽  
Diana Carella ◽  
Tran Quoc Khanh
Keyword(s):  
Strong Influence ◽  
Skin Tone ◽  
Colour Preference ◽  
Orange Yellow ◽  
Subjective Assessments ◽  
Colour Group ◽  
Scene Content

Observers made subjective colour preference judgements about different arrangements of coloured objects in different scenes. While doing so, observers had to assess the importance (so-called weight) of every one of seven colour groups or hue groups (skin tone, red, orange, yellow, green, blue and purple). The scenes were illuminated by high-CRI spectra at four different correlated colour temperatures (CCTs). Red and orange obtained the highest weights (this means that red and orange are the most important colours for subjective colour preference); yellow, green and blue were intermediate while skin tone had only a little weight. CCT had only a small effect while scene content (e.g. “office” vs. “painting”) had a strong influence. Objects of higher chromaticity in the same colour group obtained a higher weight across the different scenes. Latter finding resulted into a predicting formula of the weights.

scholarly journals Public Participation in Designing the Recycling Bins to Encourage Recycling

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiriaki Keramitsoglou ◽  
Konstantinos Tsagarakis
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Colour Preference ◽  
Public Preference ◽  
The Public ◽  
Orange Yellow ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Waste Management Practices

Recycling bin design has been shown to be important in guiding and changing waste management practices. The top-down imposition of recycling scheme components, the various colour signage, the different types of recycling bins per material even in the same city, and in light of the limitations cited in the relevant literature, our contribution examines the citizens’ involvement in designing recycling bins. Analyzing the responses of 757 participants randomly selected, we initially defined design variables, i.e., shape, colour, and type of lid and insert slot. The next step was to design six bins per recyclable and non-recyclable material, which were printed in a card in a random order. In total, 12 cards were evaluated by 430 residents of a typical Greek town without previous experience in recycling; personal interviews were conducted and citizens gave a score on a scale from one to six. The results highlight the public preference for specific lids and insert slots, and a rectangular shape for all the materials apart from glass and compostables for engaging in recycling. In addition, the results suggest that a connection might exist between the colour of the recyclable material and the colour of the bin. When there is no particular bin colour preference for a material such as plastic or packages, various hues of orange, yellow, or purple dominate. A reward phrase or environmental message printed on the bins could encourage recycling.

Colour gamut size and shape influence colour preference

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 992-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Wei ◽  
KW Houser ◽  
A David ◽  
MR Krames
Keyword(s):  
Skin Tone ◽  
The Other ◽  
Average Increase ◽  
Colour Preference ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Fixed Reference ◽  
Gamut Size ◽  
Shape Influence ◽  
Colour Gamut ◽  
Retail Setting

Two psychophysical experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of colour gamut size and shape on colour preference. In the first, two side-by-side booths were designed to resemble a retail setting with clothing; in the second, a single booth was designed to resemble a restaurant setting, but also included a mirror to permit the observer's evaluation of skin tone. These settings were illuminated with two sets of sources, where, compared to a fixed reference, one set created modest chroma enhancement and the other set created greater increases in object chroma. Within each set, gamut shape varied, meaning different hues were saturated, even though, on average, the spectra created the same average increase in chroma. When objects were unfamiliar, as with the fabrics, all chroma-enhancing spectra were preferred to the fixed reference regardless of the gamut shapes. When familiar objects were present, such as food, observers were more discerning about changes in chroma and hue. We conclude that a graphic of gamut shape is an important adjunct to average measures of colour fidelity and gamut.

scholarly journals Chromatic, Phenolic and Antioxidant Properties of Sorghum bicolor Genotypes

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 366-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Juan LÓPEZ-CONTRERAS ◽  
Francisco ZAVALA-GARCÍA ◽  
Vania URÍAS-ORONA ◽  
Guillermo Cristian G. MARTÍNEZ-ÁVILA ◽  
Romeo ROJAS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Orange Yellow ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
Hue Angle ◽  
Orange Colour ◽  
Colour Group ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes

Chromatic, phenolic and antioxidant properties were evaluated in ten sorghum genotypes grown in Nuevo León, México. Lightness, Chroma and hue angle ranged from 64 to 83, 12 to 20 and 61 to 82 respectively, indicating that colour of the samples were located in the gray orange-yellow zone of the hue circle. Based on these results, samples were classified in three colour groups being Very Soft Orange, Slightly Desaturated Orange and Grayish Orange. Results in phenolics ranged from 796 to 15,949, 175 to 12,674 and 193 to 25,780 μgCE g-1 in total phenolics by Folin-Ciocalteu, total flavonoids by Aluminum Chloride and condensed tannins by Vanillin-HCl respectively. On the other hand, antioxidant capacity ranged from 1.20 to 93.83, 30.25 to 156.08 and 2.62 to 98.50 CmolTE g-1 in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power respectively. Significant differences (pE0.05) were observed in statistical analysis for both individual and group colour samples in chromatic, phenolics and antioxidant activity evaluations, showing ‘Rox Orange’genotype and Grayish Orange colour group the highest levels.

Effect of strain on ADF-STEM high-resolution images

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 666-667
Author(s):  
M. Kelly ◽  
D.M. Bird
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Intensity Variation ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Atomic Resolution ◽  
Strain Fields ◽  
High Resolution Image ◽  
Annular Dark Field ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
Interesting Alternative

It is well known that strain fields can have a strong influence on the details of HREM images. This, for example, can cause problems in the analysis of edge-on interfaces between lattice mismatched materials. An interesting alternative to conventional HREM imaging has recently been advanced by Pennycook and co-workers where the intensity variation in the annular dark field (ADF) detector is monitored as a STEM probe is scanned across the specimen. It is believed that the observed atomic-resolution contrast is correlated with the intensity of the STEM probe at the atomic sites and the way in which this varies as the probe moves from cell to cell. As well as providing a directly interpretable high-resolution image, there are reasons for believing that ADF-STEM images may be less suseptible to strain than conventional HREM. This is because HREM images arise from the interference of several diffracted beams, each of which is governed by all the excited Bloch waves in the crystal.

Grain separation enhanced magnetic coercivity in Pt/Co multilayers.

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 1038-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.A. Bertero ◽  
R. Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Remanent Magnetization ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Uniaxial Anisotropy ◽  
Magnetic Coupling ◽  
Recording Media ◽  
Magnetic Media ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Longitudinal Recording ◽  
The Relationship

Pt/Co multilayers displaying perpendicular (out-of-plane) magnetic anisotropy and 100% perpendicular remanent magnetization are strong candidates as magnetic media for the next generation of magneto-optic recording devices. The magnetic coercivity, Hc, and uniaxial anisotropy energy, Ku, are two important materials parameters, among others, in the quest to achieving higher recording densities with acceptable signal to noise ratios (SNR). The relationship between Ku and Hc in these films is not a simple one since features such as grain boundaries, for example, can have a strong influence on Hc but affect Ku only in a secondary manner. In this regard grain boundary separation provides a way to minimize the grain-to-grain magnetic coupling which is known to result in larger coercivities and improved SNR as has been discussed extensively in the literature for conventional longitudinal recording media.We present here results from the deposition of two Pt/Co/Tb multilayers (A and B) which show significant differences in their coercive fields.

How processing objectives influence implicit skin tone bias

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Schyrokyj ◽  
Julie Russ ◽  
Keith Maddox
Keyword(s):  
Skin Tone ◽  
Skin Tone Bias

Modification of MnS inclusion by tellurium in 38MnVS6 micro-alloyed steel

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (6) ◽  
pp. 615
Author(s):  
Ping Shen ◽  
Lei Zhou ◽  
Qiankun Yang ◽  
Zhiqi Zeng ◽  
Kenan Ai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Alloyed Steel ◽  
Equivalent Diameter ◽  
Small Aspect Ratio ◽  
Steel Quality ◽  
Eds Analysis ◽  
Micro Alloyed Steel

In 38MnVS6 steel, the morphology of sulfide inclusion has a strong influence on the fatigue life and machinability of the steel. In most cases, the MnS inclusions show strip morphology after rolling, which significantly affects the steel quality. Usually, the MnS inclusion with a spherical morphology is the best morphology for the steel quality. In the present work, tellurium was applied to 38MnVS6 micro-alloyed steel to control the MnS inclusion. Trace tellurium was added into 38MnVS6 steel and the effect of Te on the morphology, composition, size and distribution of MnS inclusions were investigated. Experimental results show that with the increase of Te content, the equivalent diameter and the aspect ratio of inclusion decrease strikingly, and the number of inclusions with small aspect ratio increases. The inclusions are dissociated and spherized. The SEM-EDS analysis indicates that the trace Te mainly dissolves in MnS inclusion. Once the MnS is saturated with Te, MnTe starts to generate and wraps MnS. The critical Te/S value for the formation of MnTe in the 38MnV6 steel is determined to be approximately 0.075. With the increase of Te/S ratio, the aspect ratio of MnS inclusion decreases and gradually reaches a constant level. The Te/S value in the 38MnVS6 steel corresponding to the change of aspect ratio from decreasing to constant ranges from 0.096 to 0.255. This is most likely to be caused by the saturation of Te in the MnS inclusion. After adding Te in the steel, rod-like MnS inclusion is modified to small inclusion and the smaller the MnS inclusion, the lower the aspect ratio.

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