scholarly journals Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Surveillance, 1 April to 30 June 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Pennington ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Polysaccharide Vaccine ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine ◽  
Childhood Immunisation

The number of notified cases of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in the second quarter of 2019 was higher than the previous quarter as well as the second quarter of 2018. Following the July 2011 replacement of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (7vPCV) in the childhood immunisation program with the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (13vPCV), there was an initial relatively rapid decline in disease due to the additional six serotypes covered by the 13vPCV across all age groups, however more recently this decline is no longer evident. Over this period the number of cases due to the eleven serotypes additionally covered by the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (23vPPV), and also those serotypes not covered by any available vaccine, has been increasing steadily across all age groups.

scholarly journals Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Surveillance, 1 July to 30 September 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Pennington ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine ◽  
Childhood Immunisation ◽  
The Third

The number of notified cases of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in the third quarter of 2019 was higher than in the previous quarter, but lower than in the third quarter of 2018. Following the July 2011 replacement of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (7vPCV) in the childhood immunisation program with the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (13vPCV), there was an initial relatively rapid decline in disease due to the additional six serotypes covered by the 13vPCV across all age groups, however more recently this decline is no longer evident. Over this period the number of cases due to the eleven serotypes additionally covered by the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (23vPPV), and also those serotypes not covered by any available vaccine, has been increasing steadily across all age groups.

scholarly journals Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Surveillance, 1 April to 30 June 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Pennington ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine ◽  
Childhood Immunisation

The number of notified cases of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in the second quarter of 2018 was greater than the previous quarter, and slightly higher than the second quarter of 2017. Following the July 2011 replacement of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (7vPCV) in the childhood immunisation program with the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (13vPCV), there was an initial relatively rapid decline in disease due to the additional six serotypes covered by 13vPCV across all age groups; however, more recently this decline is no longer evident. Over this period there has been a steady increase across all age groups (Figure 1) in the number of cases due to the eleven serotypes additionally covered by the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (23vPPV) and also to those serotypes not covered by any available vaccine.

scholarly journals Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Surveillance, 1 January to 31 March 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Pennington ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine ◽  
Childhood Immunisation

The number of notified cases of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in the first quarter of 2018 was substantially less than the previous quarter, and similar to the first quarter of 2017. Following the July 2011 replacement of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (7vPCV) in the childhood immunisation program with the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (13vPCV), there was an initial relatively rapid decline in disease due to the additional six serotypes covered by 13vPCV across all age groups; however, more recently this decline is no longer evident. Further, over this period there has been a steady increase across all age groups (Figure 1) in the number of cases due to the eleven serotypes additionally covered by the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (23vPPV) and also to those serotypes not covered by any available vaccine.

Serotype and antibiotic resistance of isolates from patients with invasive pneumococcal disease in Japan

2009 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. CHIBA ◽  
M. MOROZUMI ◽  
K. SUNAOSHI ◽  
S. TAKAHASHI ◽  
M. TAKANO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Polysaccharide Vaccine ◽  
Gene Alteration ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibilities ◽  
Underlying Diseases ◽  
Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine

SUMMARYInvasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) is of concern in Japan, where the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) is unavailable. We determined serotypes, genotypes indicating β-lactam resistance, and antibiotic susceptibilities of 496 isolates from normally sterile sites in patients (193 children, 303 adults) from 186 institutions between August 2006 and July 2007. Disease presentations included sepsis (46·2%), pneumonia (31·5%), and meningitis (17·5%). Mortality was 1·4% in children and 22·1% in adults, many of whom had underlying diseases. In children, serotype 6B (22·5%) was followed by 19F (14·1%), and 14 (13·1%); potential coverages of PCV7 and PCV13 were 75·4% and 93·7%, respectively. In adults, serotype 12F (14·3%) was followed by 3 (11·3%), and 6B (10·3%); 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) coverage was 85·4%. Most serotype 12F strains were gPISP, withpbp2bgene alteration; carbapenem had an excellent MIC90.PCV7 is recommended for children and PPV23 for adults to increase prevention against IPD.

Increased risk of invasive pneumococcal disease in haematological and solid-organ malignancies

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (12) ◽  
pp. 1804-1810 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. WONG ◽  
T. J. MARRIE ◽  
S. GARG ◽  
J. D. KELLNER ◽  
G. J. TYRRELL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Polysaccharide Vaccine ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine ◽  
Increased Risk

SUMMARYLarge-scale population-based studies have reported a significant increase in invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in those with underlying haematological or solid-organ malignancy, but limited condition-specific data are available on rates of IPD in the adult population. A retrospective chart review of all patients with IPD (identified prospectively) in the province of Alberta, Canada (population ~3·3 million) was conducted from 2000 to 2004 to study the epidemiology of IPD. Rates of IPD in patients with various haematological and solid-organ malignancies were determined by obtaining the number of these patients at risk from the provincial cancer registry. Compared to the attack rate of IPD in the adult population aged ⩾18 years (11·0 cases/100 000 per year, 95% CI 10·44–11·65), there were significantly increased rates of IPD in those with lung cancer (143·6 cases/100 000 per year, OR 13·4, 95% CI 9·3–19·4, P<0·001) and multiple myeloma (673·9 cases/100 000 per year, OR 62·8, 95% CI 39·6–99·8, P<0·001). More modestly increased rates of IPD were found in those with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, acute myeloid leukaemia, acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, and Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. There was an increased prevalence of serotype 6A in those with these underlying malignancies, but no other serotypes predominated. Fifty-three percent (48/83) of cases were caused by serotypes in the investigational 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13), and 57/83 (69%) of the cases were caused by serotypes in the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23). The incidence of IPD in adults with certain haematological and solid-organ malignancies is significantly greater than the overall adult population. Such patients should be routinely given pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine; this population could also be targeted for an expanded valency conjugate vaccine.

scholarly journals Impact of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on invasive pneumococcal disease and nasopharyngeal carriage in Kenya

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura L. Hammitt ◽  
Anthony O. Etyang ◽  
Susan C. Morpeth ◽  
John Ojal ◽  
Alex Mutuku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Carriage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Catch Up

AbstractBackground10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10), delivered at 6, 10 and 14 weeks of age, was introduced in Kenya in January 2011, accompanied by a catch-up campaign in Kilifi County for children <5 years. Coverage with ≥2 PCV10 doses in children 2-11 months was 80% in 2011 and 84% in 2016; coverage with ≥1 dose in children 12-59 months was 66% and 87%, respectively.MethodsClinical and microbiological surveillance for invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) among admissions of all ages at Kilifi County Hospital was linked to the Kilifi Health and Demographic Surveillance System from 1999-2016. We calculated the incidence rate ratio (IRR) comparing the pre-vaccine and post-vaccine eras, adjusted for confounding, and reported percent reduction in IPD as 1-IRR. Annual cross-sectional surveys of nasopharyngeal carriage were conducted from 2009-2016.FindingsSurveillance identified 667 IPD cases in 3,211,403 person-years of observation. IPD incidence in children <5 years fell sharply in 2011 following PCV10 introduction, and remained low (PCV10-type IPD: 60·8 vs 3·2/100,000 [92% reduction; 95%CI: 78, 97]; overall IPD: 81·6 vs 15·3/100,000 [68% reduction; 95%CI: 40, 83]; 1999-2010 vs 2012-2016). PCV10-type IPD also declined significantly in unvaccinated age groups (<2 months, 5-14 years, ≥15 years), with estimated reductions of 100%, 74%, and 81%, respectively. There was no significant change in the incidence of non-PCV10 type IPD. In children aged <5 years, PCV10-type carriage declined by 74% and non-PCV10-type carriage increased by 71%.InterpretationIntroduction of PCV10 in Kenya resulted in a substantial reduction in PCV10-type IPD in children and adults without significant replacement disease. These findings suggest that routine infant PCV10 immunization programmes with catch-up campaigns will provide substantial direct and indirect protection in low-income settings in tropical Africa.

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