Optimization of Spheroidizing Annealing Cycle in Hot Rolled SCM435 Steel Wire

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveen Singh ◽  
◽  
Sudhanshu Telang ◽  
Manoj Chopkar ◽  
Sanjeev Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steel Wire ◽  
Scm435 Steel ◽  
Annealing Cycle ◽  
Spheroidizing Annealing ◽  
Hot Rolled

scholarly journals Cleavage Stress Producing Notch-Induced Anisotropic Fracture and Crack Path Deflection in Cold Drawn Pearlitic Steel

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
Jesús Toribio ◽  
Francisco-Javier Ayaso
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Behavior ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Crack Path ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Cold Drawing ◽  
Pearlitic Steel ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Prestressing Steel ◽  
Anisotropic Fracture ◽  
Hot Rolled

The fracture performance of axisymmetric notched samples taken from pearlitic steels with different levels of cold-drawing is studied. To this end, a real manufacture chain was stopped in the course of the process (on-site in the factory), and samples of all intermediate stages were extracted from the initial hot-rolled bar (not cold-drawn at all) to the final commercial product (prestressing steel wire). Thus, the drawing intensity or straining level (represented by the yield strength) is treated as the key variable to elucidate the consequences of manufacturing on the posterior fracture issues. On the basis of a materials science approach, the clearly anisotropic fracture behavior of heavily drawn steels (exhibiting deflection in the fracture surface) is rationalized on the basis of the markedly oriented pearlitic microstructure of the cold-drawn steel that influences the operative micromechanism of fracture. In addition, a finite element analysis of the stress distribution at the fracture instant allows the computation of the cleavage annular stress required to produce anisotropic fracture behavior and thus crack path deflection associated with mixed-mode cracking. Results show that such a stress is the variable governing initiation and propagation of anisotropic fracture by cleavage (a specially oriented and enlarged cleavage fracture) appearing along the wire axis direction in the case of sharply-notched samples of heavily drawn pearlitic steels.

SIMULATION AND CONTROL OF THE COOLING OF HOT ROLLED STEEL WIRE ROD

2000 ◽  
pp. 389-396
Author(s):  
H.F. Labib ◽  
G.M. Megahed ◽  
I. El-Mahallawi ◽  
R.J. Dashwood ◽  
P.D. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Steel Wire ◽  
Rolled Steel ◽  
Wire Rod ◽  
Simulation And Control ◽  
Hot Rolled ◽  
Hot Rolled Steel ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Role of Non-Metallic Inclusions in the Fracture Behavior of Cold Drawn Pearlitic Steel

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 962
Author(s):  
Jesús Toribio ◽  
Francisco-Javier Ayaso ◽  
Beatriz González
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Behavior ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Cold Drawing ◽  
Pearlitic Steel ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Prestressing Steel ◽  
Metallic Inclusions ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Hot Rolled

In this paper an exhaustive scientific work is performed, by means of metallographic and scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques, of the microstructural defects exhibited by pearlitic steels and their evolution with the manufacturing process by cold drawing, analyzing the consequences of such defects on the isotropic/anisotropic fracture behavior of the different steels. Thus, the objective is the establishment of a relation between the microstructural damage and the fracture behavior of the different steels. To this end, samples were taken from all the intermediate stages of the real cold drawing process, from the initial hot rolled bar (not cold drawn at all) to the heavily drawn final commercial product (prestressing steel wire). Results show the very relevant role of non-metallic inclusions in the fracture behavior of cold drawn pearlitic steels.

Anisotropic Fatigue & Fracture Behaviour in Hot-Rolled and Cold-Drawn Pearlitic Steel Wires

2016 ◽  
Vol 713 ◽  
pp. 103-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Toribio ◽  
Beatriz González ◽  
Juan Carlos Matos
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Mode ◽  
Fracture Behaviour ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Cold Drawing ◽  
Pearlitic Steel ◽  
Mode I ◽  
Prestressing Steel ◽  
Wire Fatigue ◽  
Hot Rolled

This paper analyses the role of cold drawing in the fatigue and fracture behaviour of pearlitic steels with distinct drawing degree (a hot rolled bar and a commercial prestressing steel wire). Fatigue crack growth develops globally in mode I and locally in mixed mode in both steels, the micro-crack deflection angle depending on the drawing degree. With regard to fracture behaviour, it takes place in mode I in the hot-rolled bar and in mixed mode (with a strong component of mode II) in the case of the cold-drawn wire, so that strength anisotropy appears in the drawn steel and a sort of directional toughness can be defined.

Study on Cooling Process of Hot Rolled Wire Rod with Dual Phase Microstructure

2011 ◽  
Vol 415-417 ◽  
pp. 779-783
Author(s):  
Xiang Jun Xu ◽  
Jun Qi Kong
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Strength Level ◽  
Dual Phase ◽  
Cooling Process ◽  
Wire Rod ◽  
Hot Rolled ◽  
Rolled Wire

In the present paper effect of post deformation cooling rates on microstructure of ER70S-6 steel was investigated by using Gleeble1500 simulator. From the results, a controlling cooling process for obtaining dual phase (DP) microstructure was designed to produce hot rolled wire rod with a diameter of 6.5mm in a continuous no-twist and high-speed wire rolling mill, and the microstructures and the tensile properties of the wire rod were analyzed. The results showed that ER70S-6 steel deformed at 845°C and cooled at a rate of faster than 10°C/s had a DP microstructure with grain size of less than 8.3μm and martensitic volume fraction of 9-11%. The hot rolled wire rod cooled by blowing air had a DP microstructure with a grain size of 8.2μm and martensitic volume fraction of 11.5%. The present wire rod was superior to that of the same steel with ferrite plus pearlite microstructure in tensile properties, with yield strength level of 335-345MPa, ultimate tensile strength level of 600-620MPa, plastic elongation of 26.5-31.5% and strain hardening exponent of 0.221, respectively. ER70S-6 steel wire rod with DP microstructure showed promise of meeting the requirements for grade 8.8 fastener.,In the present paper steel wire rod with DP microstructure showed promise of meeting the requirements for grade 8.8 fastener.

Preparation of Electron Transparent Metal-Matrix Composites

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 334-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Pinnel ◽  
A. Lawley
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Interfacial Region ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Specific Test ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The One

Numerous phenomenological descriptions of the mechanical behavior of composite materials have been developed. There is now an urgent need to study and interpret deformation behavior, load transfer, and strain distribution, in terms of micromechanisms at the atomic level. One approach is to characterize dislocation substructure resulting from specific test conditions by the various techniques of transmission electron microscopy. The present paper describes a technique for the preparation of electron transparent composites of aluminum-stainless steel, such that examination of the matrix-fiber (wire), or interfacial region is possible. Dislocation substructures are currently under examination following tensile, compressive, and creep loading. The technique complements and extends the one other study in this area by Hancock.The composite examined was hot-pressed (argon atmosphere) 99.99% aluminum reinforced with 15% volume fraction stainless steel wire (0.006″ dia.).Foils were prepared so that the stainless steel wires run longitudinally in the plane of the specimen i.e. the electron beam is perpendicular to the axes of the wires. The initial step involves cutting slices ∼0.040″ in thickness on a diamond slitting wheel.

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