scholarly journals Compositions for saxophone with wind orchestra as a phenomenon academic musically performing art

2019 ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Lebed
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Original Compositions ◽  
Scientific Investigation ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Wind Orchestra ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Wind Instrument ◽  
Performing Art ◽  
Historical Periods

The purpose of scientific article is studying of the definite reasons, particular preconditions in relation to increasing the quantity of original compositions for saxophone with wind orchestra in academic musical-performing art in the period of the 20th – the beginning of the 21st centuries. The round of methods concerning this scientific investigation is delineated, first of all, by historical approach, which stipulated by marking of the wide period regarding academic art of saxophone playing, a namely by the frames of the 20th – the beginning 21st centuries. The comparative method is also applied by author in this work for the possibility as touching the detection of certain differences into academic masterpieces for saxophone with wind professional orchestra by various composers and culturally historical periods. The structurally analytical and generalizing methods of the research are used by investigator for making of determined sequence in reference to exposition of scientific material and implementation of conclusions as well as the prospects relatively further exploration of the noted theme. The scientific newness of the represented disquisition is postulated by absence of the process comparatively studying by scholars of the reasons, preconditions concerning writing of the original academic compositions for saxophone with wind orchestra as well as by lack of the specialized works, which were dedicated to the revealing of the phenomenon regarding establishment of the academic saxophone repertoire in the European professional music of the 20th – the beginning of the 21st centuries. Conclusions. The historical process relatively the development of academic masterpieces for saxophone with wind orchestra was observed by author in this investigation. The reasons for essential activity of composers’ interest to a saxophone and, as a result, appearance of the various original academic compositions for saxophone with wind orchestra are hiding into the impetuous improvement of the saxophonists’ professional performing mastery, which is beginning from the middle of the 20th century. The saxophone conquers the confession on the academic musical stage and becomes the most requested for contemporary audience because it is the youngest academic professional wind instrument.

ABOUT CUSTOMS BUSINESS IN TURKESTAN IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19th -EARLY 20th CENTURY

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
Chinpulat Kurbanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Stage Development

The author in this scientific article examines the stage-by-stage development and formation of customs in Turkestan in the second half of the 19th -early 20th centuries. The author studied the history of customs in Turkestan and its role in establishing a single customs line in the future with neighboring khanates. The author focuses on the role of Russia in the establishment of a single customs line and the development of customs in Turkestan

‘... Call the Mute Artifacts to Speech’: New Essays on the History of Archeology

2018 ◽  
pp. 1274-1279
Author(s):  
Elena V. Olimpieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
Historical Material ◽  
Manuscript Tradition ◽  
History Of ◽  
Publication Practices ◽  
Controversial Nature

The article reviews O. A. Shashkova’s ‘... Call the Mute Artifacts to Speech.’ Essays on the History of Archaeography of the 15th - Early 20th Century. Wide array of sources and broad geographical frameworks allow Shashkova to present emergence and development of Russian and European archaeography from the 15th to early 20th century intelligibly enough for educational purposes. A whole chapter is devoted to the manuscript tradition and publishing of sources before Gutenberg. When considering the formation of archaeographical tradition, the author uses comparative method. O. A. Shashkova offers a historical overview and analyzes theoretical and practical issues of archaeography. The reviewer notes the significance of the chosen topic due to a need to reconsider the development of publishing in light of modern views on archaeography and to make it accessible to students and non-professionals. She notes traditional academic approach of O. A. Shashkova to presentation of the development publication practices. The review considers the possibility of using the ‘Essays...’ in studying the history of archaeography and offers possible directions for a broader consideration of historical experience, in particular, of Novikov’s publication projects. The review notes the controversial nature of the author’s approach to systematization of her large historical material in order to consider issues concerning the study of archaeographical practices. It stresses that coverage of issues of development of methods of preparation of publications separately from its historical and practical aspects hinders successful mastering of the material by an untrained reader. It concludes that the publication has high practical value for specialists in archaeography and students.

Documents from the State Archive of the Orel Region as a Source for Studying Peasant Legal Sense in Early 20th Century

2018 ◽  
pp. 98-108
Author(s):  
Vadim V. Kulachkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
The State ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Agrarian Question ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Legal Sense

The article studies documents from the State Archive of the Orel Region (GAOO) as an important source for studying the sense of justice of the Oryol gubernia peasants in early 20th century. Introduction of new archival materials allows to flesh out our knowledge and to produce a true-to-life picture of the Oryol peasants’ way of life. The peasant origins of the majority of the population necessitate a comprehensive study of peasant legal consciousness. Historical legacy is pertinent to present day, and forgetting its lessons is fraught with consequences. Evolution of modern Russian statehood hedges on its historical and legal traditions. The article studies documents in the fonds of public authorities, police, gendarmerie, courts, and prosecution offices. Introduction of new materials of public authorities, police, gendarmerie, courts, and prosecution offices into the scholarship promotes the analysis of the evolution of peasant legal sense in early 20th century. The chronological framework of the article is limited to the period from 1900 to 1917, its territorial framework is limited to the Oryol gubernia in its pre-revolutionary borders. The article studies reports, dispatches, and circular letters using the comparative method. The intensification of peasant protest was incidental to the first Russian revolution of 1905-1907 – the peasants hoped to force the government to settle the agrarian question, wherein lay the crux of their interests. As peasants of the Oryol gubernia suffered from shortage of arable land, antimonarchical sentiments gained momentum and translated a growing number of trials for contempt of the Emperor. Illegal literature spreading among the peasants, further radicalized them, and the authorities grew more and more hesitant in their assessment of peasant loyalty, which is quite intelligible in the archival documents. Thus, the use of new archival documents in addition to published materials promotes the scholarship on the peasant legal sense.

The origins of syncopation in American popular music

Popular Music ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-41
Author(s):  
David Temperley
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Popular Music ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Vocal Music ◽  
Piano Music ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
American Popular Music ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Fourth Position

AbstractThe origins of syncopation in 20th-century American popular music have been a source of controversy. I offer a new account of this historical process. I distinguish between second-position syncopation, an accent on the second quarter of a half-note or quarter-note unit, and fourth-position syncopation, an accent on the fourth quarter of such a unit. Unlike second-position syncopation, fourth-position syncopation tends to have an anticipatory character. In an earlier study I presented evidence suggesting British roots for second-position syncopation. in contrast, fourth-position syncopation – the focus of the current study – seems to have had no presence in published 19th-century vocal music, British or American. It first appears in notation in ragtime songs and piano music at the very end of the 19th century; it was also used in recordings by African-American singers before it was widely notated.

Locating Afghan History

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nile Green
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
The Other ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Historical Scholarship ◽  
History Of ◽  
Missing Middle ◽  
Two Bodies

Afghanistan's 20th century has long been seen through an analytical dichotomy. One concentration of historical scholarship has sought to explain the fraught progress of Afghan nation-building in the 1910s and 1920s. A second has sought to explain the unraveling of the Afghan nation after 1979. Weighted toward the decades at either end of the century, this dichotomized field has been problematic in both chronological (and thereby processual) and methodological terms. On the level of chronology, the missing long mid-section (indeed, half) of the century between the framing coups of 1929 and 1979 has made it difficult to convincingly join together the two bodies of scholarship. Not only has the missing middle further cemented the division of scholarly labor but it also has made it more difficult to connect the history of the last quarter of the century to that of the first quarter (except as a story of parallels), rendering them discrete narratives of development, one ending and the other beginning with a coup. The problems are deeper than this, though, extending from questions of chronology and process to matters of method. For if in its focus on nationalism and nation-building the first-quarter scholarship is framed within the neat boundaries of national spaces and actors, then in its focus on the unraveling of the nation and its peoples through the consequences of Soviet intervention, the last-quarter scholarship elevates nonnational actors as the key agents of historical process.

scholarly journals The Future of the Middle Classes as in the «Logic» of the Historical Process in the 20th Century

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-122
Author(s):  
Alexandr I. Subetto
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Middle Classes ◽  
System A ◽  
The Future ◽  
Production Relations ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Predictive Research ◽  
Theoretical Reflection ◽  
Study Development

The Object of the Study. Middle classes in the logic of the historical process in the 20th century. The Subject of the Study. Production relations that determine the fate of the middle classes in capitalist and noosphere - socialist societies. The Purpose of the Study. Development of methodological grounds for predictive research on the problem of the historical fate of the middle classes. The Main Provisions of the Study. The author reveals a theoretical system-a concept that determines the future of the middle classes in Russia and in the world, taking into account the era of the Great Evolutionary Change. The scientific and philosophical essay is a kind of theoretical reflection on the problems and assessments that are set and disclosed in the monograph "Middle Classes in Capitalist Russia".

scholarly journals The idea of wholeness as a Russian socio-political phenomenon

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-137
Author(s):  
A. Ishutin
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Harmonious Development ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Political Views ◽  
The Future ◽  
Political Ideal ◽  
Social Upheaval ◽  
The Trinity

The purpose of this article is to identify the role and significance of the category of wholeness in the Russian socio-political and historical process. Such methods of scientific research as the retrospective method, the comparative method and the hermeneutic method are used in the article. The author of the article claims that in the context of the collapse of the project Modern and the related worldview impasse, the idea of wholeness becomes the most important ideological paradigm, and this paradigm is peculiar to the Russian socio-political, cultural and philosophical sphere. Just in the Russian worldview wholeness is an important unifying component. It is very significant that thinkers out of completely different social backgrounds and completely different political views came to the idea of wholeness. As an example, the author of the article considers the views of the writer and thinker V.F. Odoyevskiy, religious philosopher V.F. Ern and the revolutionary Marxist A.A. Bogdanov. According to the views of V.F. Odoevsky, the basis of a true worldview is the trinity of faith, knowledge and art. Such integrity also determines the socio-political ideal of the writer. According to V.F. Ern, the whole becomes the whole only on the assumption that it is beyond the borders of our world, beyond death and it is a noumenal Being. Cognizing it, humanity can only build a new socio-political ideal. A.A. Bogdanov has come to the conclusion that the task of a genuine political project facing the future is to give an integral concept of man, as well as the science of holistic knowledge — tektology, and then the harmonious development of a new united humanity will begin. The theoretical and practical significance of the article lies in the fact that in the era of social upheaval and the dominance of postmodernism, the idea of wholeness becomes again very relevant because without it any social-political and historical design is impossible.

scholarly journals Lithuanian Synagogues: From the First Descriptions to Systematic Research

Arts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Vilma Gradinskaite
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Heritage Conservation ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Historical Periods ◽  
Descriptive Method

The article presents an analysis of the development stages of synagogue research methodology in Lithuania during the four major historical periods of the country—Lithuania in the Russian Empire (1795–1918), Vilnius Region in the interwar period and the independent Republic of Lithuania (1918–1940), the Soviet period (1940–1990), and the independent Republic of Lithuania restored in 1990. Each chapter of the article deals with the issues of synagogue research, heritage conservation and management, while the part about the restored independent Republic of Lithuania and modern days includes topical issues related to synagogue restoration, commemoration and putting them into operation. The study uses two different sources: archival materials and publications. Written sources and publications are reviewed in chronological order and start from the end of the 18th century. The study employs several research methods—the historical descriptive method, the comparative method and the analysis method.

scholarly journals Rural housing as field of modernist experiences

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Alexandra Cardoso ◽  
Alexandra Trevisan ◽  
Rute Figueiredo ◽  
Maria Helena Maia
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Common Factors ◽  
Political Context ◽  
Reference Source ◽  
Rural Planning ◽  
Rural Housing ◽  
Regional Architecture ◽  
Housing Attributes

The Portuguese proposal to CIAM X (Dubrovnik 1956) wasfocused on the issue of rural planning. A new village was established among a set of existing ones, working as a structural core. The vernacular influence was clearly present through the images of Trás-os-Montes (Survey on Portuguese Regional Architecture) used as a reference source for the new house typology. In addition to the vernacular, one can also identify modern references, in both Portugaland Spain, within the scope of internal colonization in the 20th century,regarding the settlement of the Portuguese agricultural colonies (1920smid1950s) and the pueblos in Spain (1940s-1971), which had significance for the contemporary countryside image. Considering “theevolutive house” of the Portuguese proposal in CIAM X, or the modularsolutions of the colonization settlements, one can find examples lyingbetween the trendy and those in rooted architectural culture. In this paper, we analysed the rural 20th century housing idea present in theinternal Iberian colonization settlements and in the ideological and political context under the dictatorial regimes. Using a comparative method, two case studies were examined in order to identify andabstract through cross-referencing main rural directions in the differentIberian contexts, and to frame common factors or different experiences,in the application of the planning schemes in both settlement and housing attributes.

scholarly journals “The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari”: The Scientific Debate on Hypnosis and Its Legal Implications between the 19th and the 20th Century

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
Daniel Sacchi ◽  
Michael Belingheri ◽  
Roberto Mazzagatti ◽  
Paolo Zampetti ◽  
Michele Augusto Riva
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
The State ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Scientific Debate ◽  
Legal Implications ◽  
Historical Periods

Movies could provide unexpected information on the state of medical knowledge in different historical periods. The first centenary of the German silent horror movie Das Cabinet des Dr. Caligari (The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari) by Robert Wiene (1873–1938) could be a timely occasion to reflect on the scientific debate of hypnosis and its legal implications between the 19th and the 20th century. In particular, this article describes the positions of the School of Salpêtrière (Charcot) and the School of Nancy (Bernheim) on the possibility of crimes committed by subjects under hypnosis and the influence of these theories on medical community and public opinion of Germany in the interwar period.

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