scholarly journals Re-presenting histories

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-34
Author(s):  
Frances Guerin
Keyword(s):  
Short Film ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
German History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Critical Awareness ◽  
Moving Images ◽  
Alexander Kluge ◽  
Nazi Past ◽  
Historical Moment ◽  
The Relationship

This article rereads Alexander Kluge and Peter Schamoni’s short film Brutality in Stone (1961) in light of more contemporary scholarly interest in the architectural ruin. This leads to an analysis that challenges, or recasts cinematic assumptions about the past. I begin my analysis through attention to Brutality in Stone’s radical strategies of montage, marriage of archival stills and newly-shot documentary moving images, merging of real and imagined, past and present, sound and image. These formal strategies are observed through the lens of theories of ruin, Kluge’s own writings on cinema and history, the references to the historiography of Nazi architecture, and contemporary theories of ruination in architecture. I then reveal the film as a type of counter-memory, promoting a critical awareness of, rather than espousing an ideologically motivated enthusiasm for the histories and memories of the past as they have been represented in architectural monuments, cinematic and historical narratives. Specifically, a contemporary reconsideration of Brutality in Stone contributes to rethinking the relationship to the ongoing lessons of German history and its cinematic representation in the contemporary moment. Keeping alive the memories of the past has never been more urgent as we move into an historical moment when memories of the Nazi past are becoming ever dimmer.

scholarly journals Post-socialist animism: personhood, necro-personas and public past in Inner Asia

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Szmyt
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Human Agency ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
Political Subjectivity ◽  
Inner Asia ◽  
The Past ◽  
Key Features ◽  
The Relationship

This paper investigates the relationship between animism and public past in post-socialist Inner Asia. The analysis was based on three case studies highlighting key features of the relationship between local conceptions of personhood, non-human agency, and their role in structuring native visions of the past: (1) negotiations between families and the spirits  of their ancestors – victims of communist purges in Mongolia, (2) a powerful necro-persona that allows local communities to gain political subjectivity and undermine conventional post-Soviet historical narratives, and (3) the return of the undead lama Itigilov that caused Buddhist revival in Buryatia. Posthuman agents have been involved in mythopraxis,  through which native regimes of historicity are established.

Framing the Qin collapse: redaction and authorship of the Shiji 史記

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Fung Tong
Keyword(s):  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sima Qian ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Authorial Voice

Abstract This paper explores the relationship between the Shiji’s authors and their sources by examining how they constructed the historical narrative of the fall of the Qin Empire. While Sima Qian and his father Sima Tan have been traditionally credited as the authors of the Shiji, their authorial voice was recently challenged by scholars. In response to the revisionist view, this paper discerns that the Shiji maintains a consistent narrative of the Qin collapse, which is generated through rigorous source redactions whereby Sima Qian and/or Sima Tan were able to incorporate their ideological agenda and personal opinions in subtle ways that are almost invisible to the reader. With such anonymity, the historiographers succeeded in establishing the authority of their historical narratives. Rather than simply juxtaposing the narratives of their sources, the Simas indeed authored their “patterned past” of the Qin collapse. However, the past constructed in the Shiji comprises various independent narratives whose plausibility is contingent upon the respective epistemic quality of their evidence rather than a harmonious discourse.

Photography as Rhythm: On Prairie

2019 ◽  
pp. 393-412
Author(s):  
Domietta Torlasco
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Sergei Eisenstein ◽  
The Past ◽  
Moving Images ◽  
Zero Degree ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter explores Victor Burgin's Prairie through rhythm and the aesthetic conditions for constituting politically viable engagements with the image. The chapter posits rhythm as something simultaneously organising the relationship between the political and the aesthetic and as a principle that can undo that organisation. In this manner, the argument draws on Barthes' concept of 'zero degree' to render the contradictory and ultimately irreconcilable concerns of Burgin's projection pieces evoked and embodied by their rhythms. Drawing on writings by Sergei Eisenstein and many others, the chapter asks the following questions in relation to still and moving images: can we envision a rhythm that, at a juncture between the aesthetic and the political, does not operate as a principle of systematic organisation? What image of the past and of the collective would this other rhythm engender?

scholarly journals Epilogue: Pan Narrans

2021 ◽  
pp. 247-258
Author(s):  
Emilie Taylor-Pirie
Keyword(s):  
Fin De Siecle ◽  
Science And Society ◽  
Story Telling ◽  
Cultural Encounters ◽  
Political Discourses ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fin De Siècle ◽  
Self Knowledge ◽  
Historical Moment ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIn this epilogue, Taylor-Pirie analyses the ‘heroic biography’ mode that still characterises popular histories of medicine as a legacy of the collision of science and empire at the fin de siècle. After considering the challenges inherent in writing contextual histories of science, and the human penchant for linear story-telling, she broadens her view to take into account political discourses surrounding the Covid-19 pandemic. Taylor-Pirie argues that stories of science and stories of empire shaped each other in ways that are contingent on this historical moment but that continue to inflect and occlude our self-knowledge. She contends that by paying attention to cultural encounters between medicine and the humanities in the past, we gain important insights into the relationship between science and society in the present.

scholarly journals The Exemplification Theory of History: Narrativist Philosophy and the Autonomy of History

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiel van den Akker
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of History ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
The Past ◽  
Exemplification Theory ◽  
History Of ◽  
Theory Of History ◽  
Arthur Danto ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The “exemplification theory of history” is proposed to account for the relationship between the past and historical narratives. The theory states that what belongs to the past according to some narrative does so in order to exemplify the historical thesis of that narrative. As such the theory explains how the past receives its meaning. This implies that the past has no intrinsic historical meaning itself. Moreover, it follows that historical narratives possess an autonomy of their own with regard to the past. It is argued that the exemplification theory of history goes to the heart of narrativist philosophy of history. This claim is supported by the key arguments of three narrativist philosophers: Arthur Danto, Louis Mink and Frank Ankersmit. The distinction between the history of social individuals (“states”, “poverty”, “Thirty Years War”) and the identification of such individuals turns out to be fundamental in this respect. The article concludes by distinguishing between a Platonic and an Aristotelian view on narrative and by explaining why we ought to prefer the former to the latter.

Exhibition History and the Institution as a Medium

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Collicelli Cagol
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Art History ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
The Past ◽  
Exhibition History ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Recent Debate ◽  
The Relationship

The recent debate on the relationship between histories of exhibition and art history tends to consider the former as supplementary to the latter. While it is certainly not the case that art history of the second half of the twentieth century should be reduced to a history of exhibitions—given the variety of contexts in which artists have operated—exhibition histories should likewise not be addressed only to enrich art historical narratives, or be selected according to their relationship to an art historical canon. In fact, exhibition histories provide critical tools to approach history in itself: by revealing cultural debates of the past, they help retracing histories of ideas; their expanded field highlights the connections between art and other realms, such as commerce, and they reveal politics and policies of an institution, stressing the latter in order to create a narrative to understand the present and imagine the future.

Monastic Historical Culture and the Utility of a Remote Past

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Weiler
Keyword(s):  
Historical Research ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Medieval Europe ◽  
Historical Culture ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Remote Past

The English Benedictine monk Matthew Paris (c.1200–1259) was one of the most prolific writers of history in medieval Europe. The chapter focuses on Matthew’s Lives of the Two Offas, a semi-fictional account of the Anglo-Saxon kings Offa I and Offa II, the first promising to found, the second actually founding what was to become St Albans Abbey. Matthew reveals much about the practice and limitations of historical research, the relationship between the sacred and the secular, and the role of the past in medieval monastic culture. Particular attention is paid to Matthew’s handling of sources, the role of the public and the varied uses of historical narratives.

Urban, Historical, and Musical Loops: László Moholy-Nagy, Alexander Kluge, and the City Symphony Film

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-103
Author(s):  
Sabine Haenni
Keyword(s):  
Time Lapse ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Short Film ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Moving Images ◽  
New Form ◽  
Alexander Kluge ◽  
The City ◽  
Techno Music

Abstract Focusing on Alexander Kluge’s short film Chicago im Zeitraffer (Chicago in Time Lapse), this article inserts his work with moving images into a larger genealogy of the city symphony film. Elucidating his relationship with the historical cinematic avant-garde, as Kluge borrows and departs from both László Moholy-Nagy’s urban vision and Bertolt Brecht’s conception of urban capitalist modernity, the article shows that Kluge’s film reorients time-lapse cinematography and opens up a new form of perception. By incorporating transnational techno music, the film suggests a concept of body and subjectivity that appears as a consequence of an increasingly voracious capitalist modernity while embedding a sense of obstinacy and self-propulsion. Nonetheless, the film’s reliance on transatlantic techno risks excluding the Black musical and social contexts that inspired it. Throughout the article the “loop,” or the traffic circle (Kreisverkehr), is understood as a governing metaphor that helps explain Kluge’s vision of contemporary urbanity, historical connectivity, and musical influence.

Poor Acceptance of the Past is Related to Depressive Symptoms in Older Adults

GeroPsych ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 246-251
Author(s):  
Gozde Cetinkol ◽  
Gulbahar Bastug ◽  
E. Tugba Ozel Kizil
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Death Anxiety ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Ego Integrity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Depressed Group ◽  
Total Death ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Depression in older adults can be explained by Erikson’s theory on the conflict of ego integrity versus hopelessness. The study investigated the relationship between past acceptance, hopelessness, death anxiety, and depressive symptoms in 100 older (≥50 years) adults. The total Beck Hopelessness (BHS), Geriatric Depression (GDS), and Accepting the Past (ACPAST) subscale scores of the depressed group were higher, while the total Death Anxiety (DAS) and Reminiscing the Past (REM) subscale scores of both groups were similar. A regression analysis revealed that the BHS, DAS, and ACPAST predicted the GDS. Past acceptance seems to be important for ego integrity in older adults.

A literature review on firms' internationalisation through e-commerce

2019 ◽  
pp. 121-143
Author(s):  
Riccardo Resciniti ◽  
Federica De Vanna
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
International Business ◽  
Decision Process ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
New Markets ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Relationship

The rise of e-commerce has brought considerable changes to the relationship between firms and consumers, especially within international business. Hence, understanding the use of such means for entering foreign markets has become critical for companies. However, the research on this issue is new and so it is important to evaluate what has been studied in the past. In this study, we conduct a systematic review of e-commerce and internationalisation studies to explicate how firms use e-commerce to enter new markets and to export. The studies are classified by theories and methods used in the literature. Moreover, we draw upon the internationalisation decision process (antecedents-modalities-consequences) to propose an integrative framework for understanding the role of e-commerce in internationalisation

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