scholarly journals An Experimental Study on the Strengthening of RC Frames with Soft Storey Irregularities with Different Types of Steel Diagonals

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Ozturk ◽  
Tevfik F. Ogutcu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Reference Frame ◽  
Behavioral Differences ◽  
Infill Wall ◽  
Loss Of Life ◽  
Soft Storey ◽  
Rc Frames ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Made In ◽  
Strengthening Method

When the loss of life and property is considered, it is clear that special precautions must be taken against the earthquakes among the natural disasters. Post-earthquake observations, especially those made in the developing countries, reveal that there are many reasons for the damage and loss of life, not just one. The formation of soft storey irregularity is one of the most important factors among them. In this study, it is aimed to propose an alternative strengthening method to eliminate the adverse effects of the formation of a soft storey irregularity. Four identical frames with two stories and single span were constructed and tested under reverse cyclic loading which simulates the earthquake. The first frame among them was prepared by bonding bricks as an infill wall on two stories and it was considered to be the reference frame. In the 2nd frame, the formation of soft storey irregularity was facilitated by removing the infill wall on the lower story and the behavioral differences were examined. The remaining two frames were strengthened by using steel elements in two different diagonal shapes on the lower story. As a result, the experimental study showed that the strengthening with steel diagonal elements increased the lateral load-carrying capacity of the frame with soft storey behavior by 250% and the energy dissipation by 120% and also provided better results than the reference frame.

scholarly journals Experimental study on the behaviour of nonductile infilled RC frames strengthened with external mesh reinforcement and plaster composite

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2305-2316 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Z. Korkmaz ◽  
M. Kamanli ◽  
H. H. Korkmaz ◽  
M. S. Donduren ◽  
M. T. Cogurcu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Mesh Reinforcement ◽  
Rc Frames ◽  
Concrete Quality ◽  
Reference Specimens ◽  
Infilled Rc Frames ◽  
Reversed Cyclic ◽  
External Mesh ◽  
Strengthening Method

Abstract. The aim of this paper is to report on an experimental study about Turkish Earthquake Code on suggested strengthening method. The proposed method uses existing brick infill walls and the strengthening is done with the application of external mesh reinforcement and plaster. 5 nonductile 1/2 scaled, one bay, two storey RC specimens were tested under a reversed cyclic loading. The first two specimens were reference specimens and the other ones were strengthened with the proposed method. The specimens contained several design and construction mistakes such as low concrete quality and improper steel detailing. Strength, stiffness and storey drifts of the test specimens were measured. The results of the test on these frames were compared with the reference specimens. The effects of the reinforced mesh plaster application for strengthening on behaviour, strength, stiffness, failure mode and ductility of the specimens were investigated. Unexpected failure modes were observed during the testing and the results were summarized in this paper.

Analysis of Seismic Performance of RC Frames with Centrally Reinforced Columns

2013 ◽  
Vol 671-674 ◽  
pp. 1319-1323
Author(s):  
Zi Xue Lei ◽  
Yu Hang Han ◽  
San Sheng Dong ◽  
Jun Qing Guo
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Pushover Analysis ◽  
Seismic Load ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Rc Columns ◽  
Rc Column ◽  
Rc Frames ◽  
Load Carrying

A centrally reinforced column is a new type of RC columns, formed by providing a reinforcement skeleton at the central part of the cross section of an ordinary RC column. Tests have shown that as compared with an ordinary RC column, this type of columns has a higher load carrying capacity and ductility. From the pushover analysis of a frame composed of ordinary RC columns and one consisting of centrally reinforced columns, their seismic performance under seismic load of 9-degree intensity was studied according to Chinese code, including target displacements, story-level displacements, interstory drifts, appearance and development of plastic hinges. The results indicate that although the dimensions of cross sections of columns in the frame with centrally reinforced columns are smaller than those of the ordinary frame, the former still has a higher overall load carrying capacity and seismic performance than the latter.

Adhesives in engineering

1997 ◽  
Vol 211 (5) ◽  
pp. 307-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
A J Kinloch
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Fracture Mechanics ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Adhesive Joint ◽  
Adhesive Joints ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Made In

When considering methods for joining materials, there are many advantages that engineering adhesives can offer, compared to the more traditional methods of joining such as bolting, brazing, welding, mechanical fasteners, etc. The advantages and disadvantages of using engineering adhesives are discussed and it is shown that it is possible to identify three distinct stages in the formation of an adhesive joint. Firstly, the adhesive initially has to be in a ‘liquid’ form so that it can readily spread over and make intimate molecular contact with the substrates. Secondly, in order for the joint to bear the loads that will be applied to it during its service life, the ‘liquid’ adhesive must now harden. In the case of adhesives used in engineering applications, the adhesive is often initially in the form of a ‘liquid’ monomer which polymerizes to give a high molecular weight polymeric adhesive. Thirdly, it must be appreciated that the load-carrying ability of the joint, and how long it will actually last, are affected by: (a) the design of the joint, (b) the manner in which loads are applied to it and (c) the environment that the joint encounters during its service life. Thus, to understand the science involved and to succeed in further developing the technology, the skills and knowledge from many different disciplines are required. Indeed, the input from surface chemists, polymer chemists and physicists, materials engineers and mechanical engineers are needed. Hence, the science and technology of adhesion and adhesives is a truly multidisciplined subject. These different disciplines have been brought together by developing a fracture mechanics approach to the failure of adhesive joints. The advances that have been made in applying the concepts of fracture mechanics to adhesive joints have enabled a better understanding of the fundamental aspects of adhesion and the more rapid extension of adhesives technology into advanced engineering applications.

Experimental study on seismic performance of suspended ceiling components

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Wang ◽  
Huanjun Jiang ◽  
Chen Wu ◽  
Zihui Xu ◽  
Zhiyuan Qin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Axial Loading ◽  
Deformation Capacity ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Strong Earthquakes ◽  
Static Tests ◽  
Load Carrying

<p>Suspended ceiling systems (SCSs) experienced severe damage during strong earthquakes that occurred in recent years. The capacity of the ceiling component is a crucial factor affecting the seismic performance of SCS. Therefore, a series of static tests on suspended ceiling components under monotonic and cyclic loadings were carried out to investigate the seismic performance of the ceiling components. The ceiling components include main tee splices, cross tee latches and peripheral attachments. All specimens were tested under axial loading. Additionally, the static tests of cross tee latches subjected to shear and bending loadings were performed due to their seismic vulnerability. The failure pattern, load-carrying ability, deformation capacity and energy dissipation of the ceiling components are presented in detail in this study.</p>

scholarly journals Cyclic behavior of GFRP strengthened infilled RC frames with low and normal strength concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Emin Arslan ◽  
Ahmet Durmuş ◽  
Metin Hüsem
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Loading ◽  
Cyclic Behavior ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Normal Strength Concrete ◽  
Strength Concrete ◽  
Rc Frames ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Concrete Blocks ◽  
Normal Strength ◽  
Infilled Rc Frames

AbstractThis paper presents the experimental behavior of plane, non-strengthened and glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) strengthened infilled reinforced concrete (RC) frames with low strength concrete (LSC) and normal strength concrete (NSC) under lateral reversed cyclic loading. For this purpose, eight full-scale, one-bay, one-storey plane and infilled (brick and aerated concrete blocks which are commonly used in RC construction) RC frames with LSC and NSC were produced and in-plane lateral loading tests were carried out. Test results indicate that infill walls considerably change the behavior of frames by increasing rigidity and load carrying capacity. By contrast, GFRP fabric used for strengthening of infilled RC frames improves ductility, load carrying and energy dissipation capacity of infilled frames with LSC and NSC as well. After all the test results were evaluated together, a GFRP strengthened brick infilled frame demonstrated the best performance under cyclic lateral loading.

A study into the ability of SPD to restore the buckling strength and modes of rib stiffened panels with simulated stress corrosion cracks

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhys Jones ◽  
Neil Matthews ◽  
Daren Peng ◽  
Nicholas Orchowski
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Stress Corrosion ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Particle Deposition ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Load Path ◽  
Premature Failure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Buckling Strength ◽  
Load Carrying

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe the results of a combined numerical and experimental study into the ability of supersonic particle deposition (SPD) to restore the load carrying capacity of rib stiffened wing planks with simulated stress corrosion cracking (SCC). Design/methodology/approach In this context the experimental results reveal that SCC can result in a dramatic reduction in the load carrying capacity of the structure and catastrophic failure via cracking that tears the length of the structure through buckling. A combined numerical and experimental study then reveals how this reduction, in the load carrying capacity can be overcome by using SPD. Findings This paper is the first to show that SPD can be used to restore the load carrying capacity of rib stiffened structures with SCC. It also shows that SPD repairs can be designed to have only a minimal effect on the local stiffness and hence on the load path. However, care should be taken to ensure that the design is such that premature failure of the SPD does not occur. Originality/value This is the first paper to show that a thin layer of SPD deposited 7,075 aluminium alloy powder on either side of the SCC-simulated stiffener has the potential to restore the load carrying capability of a rib stiffened structure. As such it represents an important first step into establishing the potential for SPD to restore the buckling strength of rib stiffened wing panels containing SCC.

scholarly journals Effects of mortar compressive strength on out of plane response of unreinforced masonry walls

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-381
Author(s):  
Atabak Pourmohammad Sorkhab ◽  
◽  
Mesut Küçük ◽  
Ali Sari ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Unreinforced Masonry ◽  
Infill Wall ◽  
Infill Walls ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Mortar Strength ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Structural Behaviors ◽  
Major Crack

In this study, the out-of-plane response of infill walls that are widely used in Turkey and the surrounding regions were experimentally investigated. Several out-of-plane wall tests were performed in the laboratory, with the walls specimens produced with lateral hollow clay bricks (LHCB) and different mortar qualities. The walls were tested in their out-of-plane (OOP) direction under static load conditions and evaluated based on the load-bearing and energy dissipation capacities, crack propagations, mortar strengths, and initial stiffnesses. These walls are experimentally investigated to understand the effects of the mortar strength on the infill wall structural behaviors and to assess the effectiveness of the out-of-plane strength formulations. It was found that when the mortar strength is low, the first major crack occurs at the mortar, however, because of the arch mechanism efficiency in this situation the OOP load-carrying and energy dissipation capacities of unreinforced walls can be significantly increased. When the first major crack in the wall occurs in the brick itself, the arc mechanism is provided with delicate sections in the brick, which leads to strength decreasing in the walls. In this case, excessive deviations occur in the out-of-plane strength formulations estimates. This study shows that the arc mechanism, the damage start region and progress can change significantly unreinforced masonry (URM) infill walls behaviors.

An investigation on behavior of RC frames with non-interacting infill wall

2021 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 112920
Author(s):  
M. Bikçe ◽  
E. Emsen ◽  
M.M. Erdem ◽  
O.F. Bayrak
Keyword(s):  
Infill Wall ◽  
Rc Frames
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