scholarly journals Chlorophyll content of Thalassia hemprichii (Ehrenberg) Ascherson leaves in some coastal areas of Cebu Island, Central Philippines

2018 ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Halasan ◽  
Danilo Dy
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Nonparametric Tests ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Light Limitation ◽  
Thalassia Hemprichii ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Pigment Extraction ◽  
Significant Difference

Variations in the chlorophyll concentrations in seagrass leaves can be used to indicate biomass, productivity and overall ecosystem condition in coastal areas. In this study, we determined the chlorophyll content (ie chl a and b) of Thalassia hemprichii from selected coastal areas in Cebu Island, Central Philippines to determine if there were spatial variations between intertidal (0m) and subtidal (1.5m) sections, and in the five geographically separate coastal areas of the island. Pigment extraction was done using 95% acetone, the solution analyzed via spectrophotometry and quantified using the equation of Ritchie (2006). The values were statistically compared using nonparametric tests. Mean chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a/b ratio of T. hemprichii showed no significant variations between intertidal and subtidal sections: F(4,45)=27.75, p=0.192 for mean chlorophyll content and F(4,45)=18.28, p=0.116 for chlorophyll a/b ratio. However, there was significant difference between geographic areas (p=0.000). Although T. hemprichii tend to display a physiological response to shading and light limitation, the difference in depth (≈ 1.5m) between intertidal and subtidal sections did not produce a statistically meaningful difference. However, the significant differences between sites for the chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a/b ratio of T. hemprichii could guide future decision in seagrass transplantation of specific localities.

Grain yield, dry matter remobilization and chlorophyll content in maize (Zea mays L.) as influenced by nitrogen and water deficit

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-356
Author(s):  
Mahta Haghjoo ◽  
Abdollah Bahrani
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Biological Yield

Out of 20, 40, 60 and 80 per cent moisture depletion 20% showed significantly higher grain yields, biological yield, chlorophyll a, b than the others. However, the highest contribution of stem and leaf dry matter remobilization in grain yield were obtained in 80% moisture depletion and 300 kg N/ha and the lowest one was found in the 20% moisture depletion and 150 kg N/ha. Nitrogen application increased all traits, however there were no significant difference between 250 and 300 kg N/ha.

scholarly journals Projected Elevated [CO2] and Warming Result in Overestimation of SPAD-Based Rice Leaf Nitrogen Status for Nitrogen Management

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1571
Author(s):  
Ye Tao ◽  
Jishuang Zhang ◽  
Lian Song ◽  
Chuang Cai ◽  
Dongming Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Nitrogen Management ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
N Content ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Rice Leaf ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Spad Readings ◽  
N Status

Nitrogen (N) has a unique place in agricultural systems with large requirements. To achieve optimal nitrogen management that meets the needs of agricultural systems without causing potential environmental risks, it is of great significance to increase N use efficiency (NUE) in agricultural systems. A chlorophyll meter, for example, the SPAD-502, can provide a simple, nondestructive, and quick method for monitoring leaf N status and NUE. However, the SPAD-based crop leaf’s N status varies greatly due to environmental factors such as CO2 concentration ([CO2]) or temperature variations. In this study, we conducted [CO2] (ambient and enriched up to 500 μmol moL1) and temperature (ambient and increased by 1.5~2.0 °C) controlled experiments from 2015 to 2017 and in 2020 in two Free-Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) sites. Leaf characters (SPAD readings, chlorophyll a + b, N content, etc.) of seven rice cultivars were measured in this four year experiment. Here, we provide evidence that SPAD readings are significantly linearly correlated with rice leaf chlorophyll a + b content (chl a + b) and N content, while the relationships are profoundly affected by elevated [CO2] and warming. Under elevated [CO2] treatment (E), the relationship between chl a + b content and N content remains unchanged, but SPAD readings and chl a + b content show a significant difference to those under ambient (A) treatment, which distorts the SPAD-based N monitoring. Under warming (T), and combined elevated [CO2] and warming (ET) treatments, both of the relationships between SPAD and leaf a + b content and between leaf a + b content and N content show a significant difference to those under A treatment. To deal with this issue under the background of global climate change dominated by warming and elevated [CO2] in the future, we need to increase the SPAD reading’s threshold value by at least 5% to adjust for applying N fertilizer within the rice cropping system by mid-century.

scholarly journals Surface Chlorophyll-A Fronts in the Yellow and Bohai Seas Based on Satellite Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1301
Author(s):  
Lu Xia ◽  
Hao Liu ◽  
Lei Lin ◽  
Yueqi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Vertical Mixing ◽  
Light Limitation ◽  
Shandong Peninsula ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Oceanic Front ◽  
Liaodong Peninsula ◽  
First Time ◽  
Sst Fronts

Chlorophyll fronts are important to monitor and map the oceanic front, especially in the season when sea surface temperature (SST) fronts weaken. In this study, surface chlorophyll-a (chl-a) fronts in the Yellow and Bohai seas were characterized for the first time using satellite data. Five distinct chl-a fronts (i.e., the Bohai Strait, Shandong Peninsula, Jiangsu, Liaodong Peninsula, and Korean Peninsula fronts) were observed in summer along the 40 m isobaths and faded in other seasons. Notably, these fronts coincided with SST fronts. Strong chl-a fronts emerged during summer due to chl-a blooms in eutrophic coastal waters paired with surface chl-a fading in strongly stratified offshore waters and coastal physical fronts. Although SST fronts were strong during winter, light limitation and strong vertical mixing in offshore waters led to low chl-a in both coastal and offshore waters, suppressing chl-a front formation. Both chl-a and SST fronts coincided with steep seabed slopes (slope ratio > 1), suggesting that seabed slope may be an indicator of oceanic front location.

scholarly journals Optimization of chlorophyll extraction solvent of bulung sangu (Gracilaria sp.) seaweed

2021 ◽  
Vol 913 (1) ◽  
pp. 012073
Author(s):  
M M V Sasadara ◽  
N M D M W Nayaka ◽  
P E S K Yuda ◽  
N L K A A Dewi ◽  
E Cahyaningsih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Red Macroalgae ◽  
Pigment Extraction ◽  
Chlorophyll D

Abstract Algae are a photosynthetic organism, affordable and naturally rich in nutrients and a valuable source of bioactive substances such as natural pigments. Bulung sangu (Gracilaria sp.) is red macroalgae that wildly grows and distributes in Bali. The aim of this work was to optimize the solvent to extract the chlorophyll content of Bulung sangu. The pigment extraction was carried out using different solvents (100% methanol, 100% ethanol, and 90% acetone). The chlorophyll contents including chlorophyll a,b,c,d and total chlorophyll were measured using spectrophotometry UV-VIS and expressed in µg/g of algae. The results showed that chlorophyll c could not be extracted using all used solvent, while chlorophyll b can only be extracted using acetone. Acetone produced the highest concentration of chlorophyll a (717.52 ± 9.71 µg/g), chlorophyll b (7.23 ± 0.24 µg/g), chlorophyll d (21.93 ± 1.07 µg/g), and chlorophyll total (746.67 ± 8.99 µg/g) compared to other solvent, that were significantly different (p<0.05). The second solvent to produce the highest concentration of chlorophyll a, d, and total chlorophyll was methanol which produced 578.77 ± 9.74 µg/g, 5.50 ± 0.12 µg/g and 584.27 ± 9.62 µg/g of chlorophyll content, respectively, followed by ethanol which produced 520.98 ± 2.52 µg/g of chlorophyll a, 3.56 ± 0.25 µg/g for chlorophyll d, and 524.54 ± 2.30 µg/g for total chlorophyll. Acetone is considered the most effective solvent to extract the chlorophyll content of Bulung sangu.

Effect of Initial Phosphorus Concentration on Chlorophyll a Contents and Extracellular Polysaccharides Contents of Scenedesmus quaclricauda in TGR

2014 ◽  
Vol 971-973 ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Qiang An ◽  
Sha Wang ◽  
Ce Wang ◽  
Niu Qiu Huang ◽  
Byebirooha Justus
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharides ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Chl A ◽  
The Three Gorges ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
In The Beginning

An experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of initial phosphorus concentration (0, 0.54, 2.7, 5.4, 10.8and 16.2mg/L) on chlorophyll a (chl-a) contents and extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) contents of Scenedesmus quaclricauda, which was separated and purified from the Three Gorges reservoir (TGR). The different conditions of initial phosphorus concentration have different volumetric meanings. 0mg/L, 0.54mg/L and 2.7mg/L are P-limited, 5.4mg/L is P-standard, 10.8mg/L as well as 16.2mg/L, is P-rich. Results showed that the growth period of Scenedesmus quaclricauda was shortened, and the stationary phase happened earlier than usual in the condition of P-limited. However, the growth period of Scenedesmus quaclricauda got a proceeding extension in the condition of P-rich. The condition of P-rich had an inhibitory effect on the growth of Scenedesmus quaclricauda during lag phase and exponential phase. It seemed that there was an inhibition threshold of initial phosphorus concentration, which was between 5.4mg/L and 10.8mg/L. And the inhibitory effect decreased with the initial increasing phosphorus concentrations from 10.8mg/L to 16.2mg/L. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the effects of both P-limited and P-rich and their impact on sEPS contents and bEPS contents of Scenedesmus quaclricauda in the cultured time segments. The results showed that there was no significant difference at sEPS contents or bEPS contents either in P-limited or P-rich. In the whole culture period, the sEPS contents of Scenedesmus quaclricauda had small fluctuations but kept nearly unchanged. Whereas, the bEPS contents increased in the beginning 8 days, and then dropped to the level, which is slightly higher than the initial contents, and keep fluctuating steadily. The EPS contents were just floating up and down at the initial value and had not shown a trend of rising or falling precisely. Our results suggest that phosphorus concentration could change chl-a contents but have no significant effect on EPS contents.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of the Pigment Composition of Eighteen Marine Macroalgae Collected from Okha Coast, Gulf of Kutch, India

Our Nature ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kumar J.I. ◽  
R.N. Kumar ◽  
A. Bora ◽  
M. Kaur Amb ◽  
S. Chakraborthy
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Marine Macroalgae ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Pigment Composition ◽  
Chl A ◽  
The People ◽  
Padina Gymnospora ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Cladophora Fascicularis

Marine algae are one of the most important marine living resources for food, feed and medicine since ancient times in the West. However, due to lack of awareness among the people especially in India, their multifunctional properties have not yet been exploited. This paper deals with the pigment composition and its significant variation found in eighteen different species of marine macroalgae belonging to Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta and Rhodophyta, collected from the coast of Okha, Gulf of Kutch, Gujarat, India. Chlorophyll and carotenoids extraction was done with 80% acetone as solvent while phycoerythrin pigment was extracted using 50mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.0). The highest chlorophyll content was registered in Cladophora fascicularis while carotenoid content was found to be the highest in Sargassum polycustum. Similarly phycoerythrin content was recorded greater in Scinaia farcellata followed by Porphyra necnamessis and Acanthophora delilei Lamour respectively. In terms of chlorophyll content, the maximum chlorophyll a, b as well as total chlorophyll was registered in most of the species of Chlorophyta followed by Phaeophyta and ultimately Rhodophyta. However, carotenoids were registered to be the highest in most of the species of Phaeophyta group. The group wise distribution of carotenoid showed an order: Phaeophyta>Rhodophyta>Chlorophyta. Chl b/Chl a, Car/Chl a and Car/Chl b ratios were also calculated and high ratios were recorded in Liagora erecta, S.polycustum and Padina gymnospora, respectively. Besides, phycoerythrin content showed the following trend in the species of: Rhodophyta>Phaeophyta>Chlorophyta. Emphasis was made to know the variation of different pigments of all eighteen species of marine macroalgae in this paper.Key words: Marine macroalgae, Chlorophyll a, b, Carotenoid, Phycoerythrin.DOI: 10.3126/on.v7i1.2553Our Nature (2009) 7:48-55

scholarly journals Chloroplastid pigment contents and chlorophyll a fluorescence in Amazonian tropical three species

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 959-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronaldo Ribeiro de Morais ◽  
José Francisco de Carvalho Gonçalves ◽  
Ulysses Moreira dos Santos Júnior ◽  
Oliver Dünisch ◽  
André Luis Wendt dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Chlorophyll A Fluorescence ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Carapa Guianensis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pigment Contents ◽  
Chloroplastidic Pigments ◽  
Shade Leaves

Plants react to changes in light and hydrological conditions in terms of quantity and composition of chloroplastidic pigments, which affects the photosynthetic properties and consequently the accumulation of plant biomass. Thus, the chloroplastidic pigment concentration and chlorophyll a fluorescence of three Amazonian species (Bertholletia excelsa, Carapa guianensis e Dipteryx odorata) were investigated in sun and shade leaves form the tree crown collected during two distinct periods of precipitation (dry and rainy seasons). Pigment contents were determined by spectrophotometry and fluorescence variables were determined using a portable fluorometer. The results demonstrated that the species showed high concentrations of Chl a, Chl b e Chl total during the wet season in relation to the dry season, especially in shade leaves. A higher concentration of carotenoids was found in B. excelsa, when compared with leaves of C. guianensis and D. odorata. In leaves of B. excelsa and D. odorata no significant difference was found in relation to the photochemistry of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) between the wet and dry seasons. In conclusion, the three species react differently to variations in the light and precipitation conditions regarding light capture, aspects that might be considered in the management of forest plantations.

scholarly journals Anatomy, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic performance in current-year and previous-year Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) needles

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomo Trstenjak ◽  
Antunovic Dunic ◽  
Selma Mlinaric ◽  
Lidija Begovic ◽  
Marin Skoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Pinus Halepensis ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Photosynthetic Performance ◽  
Aleppo Pine ◽  
Resin Duct ◽  
Chlorophylls A And B ◽  
Crown Defoliation ◽  
Significant Difference

Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) is a widespread Mediterranean woody species. Needles usually fall off the tree after the second year, which can be the reason for substantial crown defoliation under extreme environmental stress. The aim of the present investigation was to compare the anatomy, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic performance in current-year (CY) and previous-year (PY) Aleppo pine needles. Chlorophyll concentrations were determined spectrophotometrically, while photosynthetic performance was determined by measuring the increase in chlorophyll a fluorescence (the JIP test). The obtained results revealed that concentrations of chlorophylls a and b were almost twice as great in PY needles as in CY ones. The chlorophyll a to b ratio and values of the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) showed no statistically significant difference between CY and PY needles. However, the performance index (PIABS) was significantly higher in CY needles compared to PY ones. Analysis of PIABS components revealed that CY needles had increased electron transport beyond the primary electron acceptor, QA -, which was associated with a lower value of variable fluorescence at 2 ms (VJ) in comparison with PY needles. Also, some differences were observed in needle anatomy. Current-year needles had an increased proportion of mesophyll tissue, together with decreased proportions of vascular cylinder and resin duct areas. Also, many more starch grains were present in PY than in CY needles. Based on the presented results, it can be concluded that despite considerably lower chlorophyll content, CY needles exhibited photosynthetic performance better than that of older needles, which is an unusual phenomenon in woody species.

Estimation of chlorophyll content by absorption spectra of native Spirulina platensis cells

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Leonid E. Paramonov
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Spirulina Platensis ◽  
Intracellular Concentration ◽  
Absorption Coefficients

A method for retrieving the absorption coefficients of Spirulina platensis pigments using absorption spectra of native cells and excluding the use of extracts is considered. Estimates of the intracellular concentration of chlorophyll a, С-phycoerythrin, С- phycocyanin and allophycocyanin in native cells are discussed.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Variability of Surface Phytoplankton Carbon and Carbon-to-Chlorophyll a Ratio in the South China Sea Based on Satellite Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Wenlong Xu ◽  
Guifen Wang ◽  
Long Jiang ◽  
Xuhua Cheng ◽  
Wen Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
South China ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Phytoplankton Biomass ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variability ◽  
The South ◽  
Chl A ◽  
China Sea

The spatiotemporal variability of phytoplankton biomass has been widely studied because of its importance in biogeochemical cycles. Chlorophyll a (Chl-a)—an essential pigment present in photoautotrophic organisms—is widely used as an indicator for oceanic phytoplankton biomass because it could be easily measured with calibrated optical sensors. However, the intracellular Chl-a content varies with light, nutrient levels, and temperature and could misrepresent phytoplankton biomass. In this study, we estimated the concentration of phytoplankton carbon—a more suitable indicator for phytoplankton biomass—using a regionally adjusted bio-optical algorithm with satellite data in the South China Sea (SCS). Phytoplankton carbon and the carbon-to-Chl-a ratio (θ) exhibited considerable variability spatially and seasonally. Generally, phytoplankton carbon in the northern SCS was higher than that in the western and central parts. The regional monthly mean phytoplankton carbon in the northern SCS showed a prominent peak during December and January. A similar pattern was shown in the central part of SCS, but its peak was weaker. Besides the winter peak, the western part of SCS had a secondary maximum of phytoplankton carbon during summer. θ exhibited significant seasonal variability in the northern SCS, but a relatively weak seasonal change in the western and central parts. θ had a peak in September and a trough in January in the northern and central parts of SCS, whereas in the western SCS the minimum and maximum θ was found in August and during October–April of the following year, respectively. Overall, θ ranged from 26.06 to 123.99 in the SCS, which implies that the carbon content could vary up to four times given a specific Chl-a value. The variations in θ were found to be related to changing phytoplankton community composition, as well as dynamic phytoplankton physiological activities in response to environmental influences; which also exhibit much spatial differences in the SCS. Our results imply that the spatiotemporal variability of θ should be considered, rather than simply used a single value when converting Chl-a to phytoplankton carbon biomass in the SCS, especially, when verifying the simulation results of biogeochemical models.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document