scholarly journals Application of Distributed Electricity Generation Systems in Agricultural Greenhouses

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
John Vourdoubas
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Efficient Energy ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Additional Income

Use of distributed electricity generation systems is currently increasing due to their economic and environmental benefits. Agricultural greenhouses require heat and electricity for covering their energy needs while their annual energy requirements vary significantly. Aim of the current work is the investigation of applying various distributed electricity generation systems in greenhouses. A review of different distributed generation systems currently used in various sectors as well as in greenhouses has been implemented. Various technologies are examined utilizing either renewable energies or fossil fuels in very efficient energy systems. Most of them are mature and cost-effective having lower environmental impacts compared with traditional centralized electricity generation technologies. Their use in greenhouses results in many benefits including the creation of an additional income for the farmer, reduction of carbon emissions into the atmosphere and increasing stability of the electric grid. It is suggested that distributed electricity generation systems should be used more in greenhouses when the necessary conditions are favorable.

Energy in the 1980s - Future trends in utilization of coal energy conversion

1974 ◽  
Vol 276 (1261) ◽  
pp. 527-539 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Energy Input ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Local Heat ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Feed Stock ◽  
Environmental Considerations ◽  
Potential Reserve

World reserves of fossil fuels are sufficient for many decades of increasing usage. During the next few decades at least, fossil fuels will be much the most important energy source. These fuels should be exploited in a complementary manner. Coal represents much the largest potential reserve, followed probably by hydrocarbons less easily utilized than those commonly being exploited now. Techniques exist for the conversion of coal into coke and carbons, electricity, gas and substitute oil-feed stock. Improvements in these processes are possible but their large-scale introduction depends on economics. Where coal burning can meet a requirement (local heat or steam, or electricity generation) fluidized combustion can be the most efficient process; better integration with mining techniques are possible and environmental considerations are favourable. Fluidized combustion would be a high priority unit in a ‘ Coalplex ’ which could have electricity, gas and oil as possible products. The best mix could depend on the value ascribed to the products and this in turn invokes consideration of the overall economics of energy storage, transport and demand flexibility. Looking farther ahead, coal will certainly remain a vital chemical component for various proposed energy systems and will also probably be able to compete as the energy input into conversion schemes. The technology of coal utilization may also have applications for other fossil fuels.

scholarly journals Possibilities of Upgrading Solid Underutilized Lingo-cellulosic Feedstock (Carob Pods) to Liquid Bio-fuel: Bio-ethanol Production and Electricity Generation in Fuel Cells - A Critical Appraisal of the Required Processes

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Vourdoubas ◽  
Vasiliki K. Skoulou
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Ethanol Fuel ◽  
Steam Reforming Of Ethanol

The exploitation of rich in sugars lingo-cellulosic residue of carob pods for bio-ethanol and bio-electricity generation has been investigated. The process could take place in two (2) or three (3) stages including: a) bio-ethanol production originated from carob pods, b) direct exploitation of bio-ethanol to fuel cells for electricity generation, and/or c) steam reforming of ethanol for hydrogen production and exploitation of the produced hydrogen in fuel cells for electricity generation. Surveying the scientific literature it has been found that the production of bio-ethanol from carob pods and electricity fed to the ethanol fuel cells for hydrogen production do not present any technological difficulties. The economic viability of bio-ethanol production from carob pods has not yet been proved and thus commercial plants do not yet exist. The use, however, of direct fed ethanol fuel cells and steam reforming of ethanol for hydrogen production are promising processes which require, however, further research and development (R&D) before reaching demonstration and possibly a commercial scale. Therefore the realization of power generation from carob pods requires initially the investigation and indication of the appropriate solution of various technological problems. This should be done in a way that the whole integrated process would be cost effective. In addition since the carob tree grows in marginal and partly desertified areas mainly around the Mediterranean region, the use of carob’s fruit for power generation via upgrading of its waste by biochemical and electrochemical processes will partly replace fossil fuels generated electricity and will promote sustainability.

Impact of Using PEM Forklifts on Manufacturing Layouts

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijit Gosavi ◽  
Suzanna Long ◽  
Scott Grasman ◽  
Sean Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Material Handling ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Lead Times ◽  
Distribution Centers ◽  
Material Handling Costs ◽  
The Impact

The popularity of forklifts that use fuel cells based on proton exchange membranes (PEMs) has steadily increased with time in manufacturing industries and distribution centers. Because they potentially reduce our dependence on fossil fuels that emit carbon dioxide while generating energy, they have certain environmental benefits in comparison to forklifts driven by lead-acid batteries that are typically charged using regular sources of energy. In this paper, we study the impact of using PEM forklifts on material-handling costs and lead times, which are commonly used in measuring the cost-effectiveness of a manufacturing system’s layout. We report some initial findings in this paper. In general, we find that layouts designed for PEM forklifts tend to have lower material-handling costs, improved closeness ratings, and higher area utilization, while the shop-floor lead times tend to be shorter, leading to lower inventory and higher flexibility in responding to fluctuations in customer demand. Overall, PEM forklifts may hence improve the health of the supply chain of the product by making it more flexible and cost-effective.

Dendro: Biomass Power From, By, and For the People of Sri Lanka

Solar Energy ◽  
2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryn M. Weaver ◽  
Harsha Wickramasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Salient Feature ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
The People ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Energy Plantations

Sri Lanka’s power crisis presents considerable challenges and opportunities as attempts are made to electrify the remaining 30% of non-grid connected areas and generate reliable power in a sustainable manner. Fifty percent of the energy needs in the country are being met with biomass, 70% of these are domestic rural users. Meeting Sri Lanka’s ever-growing electricity demand with fossil fuel imports is siphoning off 30% of export earnings annually. Biomass based electricity generation, commonly referred to as dendro power, has emerged as the most sustainable option in Sri Lanka to meet spiking demand. The Sri Lankan government’s Inter-Ministerial Working Committee (IMWC) on Electricity Generation from Biomass through Dendro Thermal Technology has developed a dendro thermal program whose salient feature is to add 100 MW of dendro capacity to the grid by 2010. Energy plantations of the woody plant, Gliricidia sepium, would extend over 200,000 hectares of land currently considered to be waste cropland. Income opportunities are expected for 100,000 families if the program is successful. Dendro, as a carbon-neutral source, offers a dual-purpose vehicle for rural citizens to be benefited with income and energy. The dendro program aims to supply grid, off-grid, rural industrial and household energy. This national program could result in significant environmental benefits, opportunities for poverty alleviation and support mechanisms for traditional rural industries. This report is a summary of IMWC’s Dendro Thermal Program, focusing on income avenues and economic impacts.

Evaluation of Hybrid Distributed Generation Systems for Four Locations in Mexico

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Almanza Huerta ◽  
Moncef Krarti ◽  
A. Hernandez Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Feasibility Analysis ◽  
Thermal Loads ◽  
Small Communities ◽  
Utility Company ◽  
Available Energy ◽  
Energy Models ◽  
Energy Needs

The present work provides a feasibility analysis of a hybrid distributed generation system to meet the energy needs for residential communities in four locations in Mexico. Tuxtla Gutierrez (Oaxaca), Puerto Escondido (Oaxaca), Guaymas (Sonora) and Mexicali (Baja California Norte) were the four locations selected to assess the potential available energy resources in meeting cost-effectively and sustainably the electricity and thermal loads of small communities in Mexico. Electricity and thermal loads are obtained for the four locations by using calibrated building energy models for residential buildings in Mexico. Based on the feasibility analysis, it is found that while hybrid systems can reduce significantly CO2 emissions, they are not cost-effective to implement in all locations due to the relatively cheap electricity costs from the only federal utility company in Mexico.

scholarly journals LA ENCRUCIJADA ENERGÉTICA: ¿dónde terminaremos si no cambiamos de dirección en las tendencias energéticas globales?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Hidalgo
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Negative Environmental Impact ◽  
New Strategies

Energy is the blood that moves today’s society and is one of the factors that has decisively contributed to improving humanity’s quality of life. The energy needs of the world’s population are expected to double by 2050 and so, considering that available fossil fuels are becoming exhausted, as well as their negative environmental impact, new strategies are needed for sustainable development. This paper addresses the potential challenges and opportunities in the development of global energy systems, emphasising how deeply interconnected the energy and climate debates are.

New Paradigm for State Department of Transportation Environmental Initiatives: New York State’s Guidelines and Procedures

2000 ◽  
Vol 1702 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary McVoy ◽  
Mark Sengenberger ◽  
Elizabeth Novak
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York State ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
State Department ◽  
Regulatory Compliance ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
York State Department ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
New Paradigm

Public-works agencies have an obligation to enhance the environment as opportunities arise. The New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT) has developed an environmental initiative to make an affirmative contribution to the environment, using the department’s organizational strengths. The environmental initiative is a paradigm shift applicable to all departments of transportation (DOTs). Conventional reactive regulatory compliance can reduce unnecessary environmental damage and sometimes gain grudging regulatory agency cooperation; however, it is not a positive, satisfying way of doing the people’s work. Through proactive steps, NYSDOT has become an important part of the state’s environmental solution (often at little or no additional cost) and has changed its working relationships with environmental agencies and groups. As these agencies and groups have become partners, instead of adversaries, permit-approval times have improved, mitigation costs have declined, morale has improved, and cost-effective environmental benefits are being realized. Procedures are outlined to apply the engineering capabilities of a DOT to the environmental-stewardship responsibilities shared by all governmental organizations.

POTENTIAL OF INTRODUCING DIGITAL AND INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS IN ELECTRICITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-45
Author(s):  
F.F. Khabirov ◽  
V.S. Vokhmin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Environmental Friendliness

The article considers the possibility of introducing digital and intelligent systems in the electric power industry, including the analysis of the consequences after the introduction of new technologies on the economic, social and technological side. Currently, the concept of distributed generation is being used more and more often in the global energy arena. This is certainly a trend in the energy sector. The current level of technological development in the energy sector is quite high, but in order to continue to increase competitiveness, we need a further transition to digital and intelligent energy systems that will increase the reliability, quality, environmental friendliness and automation of energy supply.

Utilization of pomegranate waste-peel as a novel substrate for biodiesel production by Bacillus cereus (MF908505)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1199-1207
Author(s):  
Amruta P. Kanakdande ◽  
Chandrahasya N. Khobragade ◽  
Rajaram S. Mane
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Energy Needs

The continuous rising demands and fluctuations in the prices of fossil fuels warrant searching for an alternative renewable energy source to manage the energy needs.

Assessment of accessible, clean and efficient energy systems: A statistical analysis of composite energy performance indices

2021 ◽  
Vol 304 ◽  
pp. 117731
Author(s):  
Suwin Sandu ◽  
Muyi Yang ◽  
Han Phoumin ◽  
Reza Fathollahzadeh Aghdam ◽  
Xunpeng Shi
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Performance Indices ◽  
Efficient Energy ◽  
Composite Energy
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