scholarly journals Research Status and Genetic Improvement of Important Characters in Purple Rice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Peng ◽  
Xin-Hua Huang ◽  
Zi-Yue Liu ◽  
Yue Gao ◽  
Juan Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Depth Study

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important food crops in the world. Purple rice, as a special rice with important nutritional and health functions, has important scientific significance and application value for genetic improvement of purple rice and breeding of new varieties through in-depth study on its agronomic and related quality traits and products processed, and analysis of its genetic basis. In this paper, the new progress of purple rice in agronomic traits, quality traits, environmental impacts on purple rice and genetic basis of purple rice seed coat in recent years were reviewed and analyzed, and the application prospects of purple rice processing products and purple gene in rice genetic improvement were also prospected. Thus, our results will provide important information and reference for breeding new purple rice varieties with good quality and high yield.

scholarly journals Identification of fgr gene and preliminary evaluation for agronomic traits of pandan sticky rice variety (Oryza sativa L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Toan D. Pham
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Fgr Gene

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important food crop in Vietnam particularly in the Mekong Delta. Screening of good quality and high yield rice varieties are needed for rice production in Vietnam. The purpose of this study was to use molecular techniques to identify fgr gene and to evaluate preliminarily agronomic traits of pandan sticky rice variety. The results showed that this variety contained fgr gene. The fragrant allele was amplified by ESP - IFAP primers with a product of 255 bp in size. Similarly, evaluation of agronomic traits showed that the pandan sticky rice variety displayed many desirable characteristics such as plant height of 108 cm, panicle length of 25.6 cm, seed/panicle 135, 100-grain weight 2.07 g, pandan smell, level 2 of alkali digestion, gel consistency 93 mm. These results were useful information and could be applied for improving and providing pandan sticky rice variety for rice production.

scholarly journals Application of CRISPR/Cas9 Technology in the Genetic Improvement of Rice Yield and Quality Characters

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Bo Peng ◽  
Xiaorui Ma ◽  
Tao Yang ◽  
Mengyang Zheng ◽  
Juan Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Rice Quality ◽  
Genome Region ◽  
New Genes ◽  
Yield And Quality

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important food crops in the world. With the continuous increase of global population and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, it has become the focus of attention of rice breeders and botanists to improve the yield and quality of rice. In the new genome editing technology, the CRISPR/Cas system can accurately and specifically edit the target genome region. In recent years, CRISPR/Cas9 technology has made important progress in studying the function of new genes, increasing rice yield and improving rice quality. Therefore, this paper mainly reviewed the application of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in the genetic improvement of rice yield and rice quality in recent years, and looked forward to the application prospect of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in rice genetic breeding, which will provide important reference for the cultivation of new high-quality and high-yield rice varieties.

scholarly journals Descriptive Statistics and Heritability for Agronomic Traits and Grain Micronutrient Content in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Avinash Kumar ◽  
Ashutosh Kumar ◽  
N. K. Singh ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
S. K. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Grain Zinc ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Breeding Programmes

In the present investigation, 10 parents and their 45 crosses (half diallel) along with 2 standard checks (Rajendra Nilam and Rajendra Mahsuri-1) were evaluated during Kharif, 2018 in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 3 replications at Rice Farm Section, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University (RPCAU), Pusa, Bihar. The objective of this study was to identify promising rice genotypes having desirable combination of morphological traits along with high grain iron and zinc content and high grain yield potential. The results of variability parameters indicated that ample amount of genetic variability was present for all the studied traits. Most of the traits showed high heritability coupled with high genetic advance indicating fruitfulness of selection for improvement of these traits. One genotype (P2×P7) with high grain iron (16.10 ppm) and grain zinc (26.40 ppm) content along with high yield (43.12 g/plant) was identified. Genotypes with high grain iron coupled with high grain yield (P7×P9, P8×P9, P5×P7 and P5×P9) and high  grain zinc content coupled with high grain yield (P4×P7, P9×P10, P8×P9 and P5×P7) were also identified. These promising genotypes identified can be used further in breeding programmes to obtain superior segregants with high grain micronutrient content and high grain yield.

scholarly journals Association Mapping of Drought Avoidance and Agronomic Traits in Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Landraces with SSR Markers and Genotyping-By-Sequencing Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beena R ◽  
Silvas Kirubakaran ◽  
Nithya N ◽  
Sah R.P ◽  
Abida P.S ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Genotyping By Sequencing ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Rice Varieties

Abstract Development of rice varieties suited to varying drought stress level, and crop stages, relies mainly on identifying new genetic resources and genomic targets to improve whole plant physiological processes and productivity. This study with 99 rice germplasm adapted to Southwestern Indian peninsular region genotyped with 100 SSR markers evaluated over five different seasons/field trials to characterize plant physiological, root traits and yield related traits under different intensity and crop stage experienced water limitation. Traits like chlorophyll stability index, leaf rolling, days to 50% flowering, chlorophyll content, root volume and root biomass were identified as best predictors of grain yield under stress. Genome-Wide Association Study revealed genetic variation and genomic targets underlying major QTLs for different physiological, root and plant production traits. Combined analysis with trials 1-4 revealed 14 genomic regions governing multiple traits that contribute to plant performance and productivity under water stress. Genetic characterization of nine selected landraces and two elite cultivars using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) revealed haplotype variation within genomic targets on chromosome 1, 4, 6 and 11 for potential use as molecular markers. The genetic and genomic resources identified will enable combining traits with agronomic value to optimize yield under stress and hasten trait introgression into elite cultivars.

scholarly journals Grain Quality and Multivariate Analysis of Various Quality Parameters in Rice Genotypes

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasturi Majumder ◽  
Disharee Nath ◽  
Rambilash Mallick ◽  
Tapash Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Significant Variation ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Consumer Acceptance ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Rice Breeding ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Selection Of

Thirty-six rice genotypes were evaluated for thirteen different quality parameters along with yield/plant to assess genetic estimates of the traits and the extent of genetic diversity among the varieties. Analysis of variance was conducted to determine GCV, PCV, heritability and GA of the genotypes with respect to all characters. Significant variation was observed in many traits among the genotypes offering scope for selection. Correlation analysis determined the nature of relationship among these characters. UPGMA studies revealed six major clusters and cluster I and II were the largest with maximum number of genotypes. The study identified that the varieties namely, Black Gora, Kalinga-2, Dudheswar, ARC 10086, IR-36, IR-64 and Nipponbare possessed good quality traits and high yield performance. The current study indicated that developing rice varieties for consumer acceptance with good grain quality traits along with high yield will be very useful in rice breeding and in selection of parents for hybridization to combine both high yield and improved quality traits.

Utilisation of anther culture in rice (Oryza sativa L.) breeding in Italy

1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 911 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Callegarin ◽  
K Perfanov ◽  
G Dorotea ◽  
G Baldi
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Breeding Methods ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Hybrid Lines

Increasing market demand has led to efforts to select for non-sticky, long-grain rice varieties suited to the Italian environment. The variability of recombinant populations derived from crosses between Italian and USA genotypes was exploited. Together with the conventional breeding methods, in vitro anther culture was used to obtain homozygous lines from crosses more quickly. Moreover, hybrid lines were obtained from crosses otherwise impossible to exploit owing to sterility in the F, generation (namely those resulting from crosses involving semi-dwarf USA varieties). Plant regeneration was obtained from 6 F, hybrids whose parents were chosen for their grain quality or their suitability to the Italian environment. About 5500 plantlets were regenerated. Of these, 1000 were albino, and about 50% of the green ones died after transplanting into soil; 65% of the surviving plants were sterile, so about 1000 progeny were obtained (30-445 for each cross). Progeny with desirable characteristics were evaluated for agronomic traits. On the basis of these results, limits and possibilities of anther-culture breeding in rice are discussed.

scholarly journals Assessment phenotypic diversity of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes by multivariate analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
Khaled F.M. Salem ◽  
Maysoun M Saleh ◽  
Laila Aldahak ◽  
Abdelmoaty B. Elabd
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Plant Variation ◽  
Training Centre ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Analytical Approaches

An efficient way to achieve superior productivity is to determine the genetic variation of the various rice genotypes. This research was aimed at estimating potential variations between rice genotypes and identifying each trait contribution in total variation and classifying superior genotypes. The experiment was performed at the Rice Research and Training Centre, Sakha, Kafr El-Sheik, Egypt. Twenty-two genotypes of rice were analyzed using seven agronomic traits. Multivariate approaches were utilized including principal components and cluster analysis. Results showed that PC1 and PC2 represented 66.1% of the variation between studied genotypes, mainly 48% because of grain yield per plant variation in PC1 followed by the characteristics of its components i.e., number of panicles per plant, number of filled grains per panicle, and 1000-grain weight. The three Egyptian rice genotypes Giza 181, Giza 178, and Giza 177 were the best genotypes for grain yield. Cluster results revealed that the majority of genotypes originated from one source (except for Indian variety IET1444) or belonged to one classification were clustered together. Multivariate analytical approaches are ideal instruments for providing information on agronomic character variations. Consequently, the results of the current study should be taken into account when developing new rice varieties.   

scholarly journals Assessment of efficacy of mutagenesis of gamma-irradiation in plant height and days to maturity through expression analysis in rice

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245603
Author(s):  
Andrew-Peter-Leon M. T. ◽  
S. Ramchander ◽  
Kumar K. K. ◽  
Mehanathan Muthamilarasan ◽  
M. Arumugam Pillai
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Induced Mutations ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Early Maturity

Introduction of semi-dwarfism and early maturity in rice cultivars is important to achieve improved plant architecture, lodging resistance and high yield. Gamma rays induced mutations are routinely used to achieve these traits. We report the development of a semi-dwarf, early maturing and high-yielding mutant of rice cultivar ‘Improved White Ponni’, a popular cosmopolitan variety in south India preferred for its superior grain quality traits. Through gamma rays induced mutagenesis, several mutants were developed and subjected to selection up to six generations (M6) until the superior mutants were stabilized. In the M6 generation, significant reduction in days to flowering (up to 11.81% reduction) and plant height (up to 40% reduction) combined with an increase in single plant yield (up to 45.73% increase) was observed in the mutant population. The cooking quality traits viz., linear elongation ratio, breadthwise expansion ratio, gel consistency and gelatinization temperature of the mutants were similar to the parent variety Improved White Ponni. The genetic characterization with SSR markers showed variability between the semi-dwarf-early mutants and the Improved White Ponni. Gibberellin responsiveness study and quantitative real-time PCR showed a faulty gibberellin pathway and epistatic control between the genes such as OsKOL4 and OsBRD2 causing semi-dwarfism in a mutant. These mutants have potential as new rice varieties and can be used as new sources of semi-dwarfism and earliness for improving high grain quality rice varieties.

scholarly journals Comparative Genomic Analysis of Rice with Contrasting Photosynthesis and Grain Production under Salt Stress

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lekklar ◽  
Suriya-arunroj ◽  
Pongpanich ◽  
Comai ◽  
Kositsup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Rice Varieties

Unfavourable environmental conditions, including soil salinity, lead to decreased rice (Oryza sativa L.) productivity, especially at the reproductive stage. In this study, we examined 30 rice varieties, which revealed significant differences in the photosynthetic performance responses under salt stress conditions during the reproductive stage, which ultimately affected yield components after recovery. In rice with a correlation between net photosynthetic rate (PN) and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) under salt stress, PN was found to be negatively correlated with filled grain number after recovery. Applying stringent criteria, we identified 130,317 SNPs and 15,396 InDels between two “high-yield rice” varieties and two “low-yield rice” varieties with contrasting photosynthesis and grain yield characteristics. A total of 2,089 genes containing high- and moderate-impact SNPs or InDels were evaluated by gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, resulting in over-represented terms in the apoptotic process and kinase activity. Among these genes, 262 were highly expressed in reproductive tissues, and most were annotated as receptor-like protein kinases. These findings highlight the importance of variations in signaling components in the genome and these loci can serve as potential genes in rice breeding to produce a variety with salt avoidance that leads to increased yield in saline soil.

scholarly journals Association mapping and domestication analysis to dissect genetic improvement process of upland cotton yield-related traits in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunping GUO ◽  
Zhenyuan PAN ◽  
Chunyuan YOU ◽  
Xiaofeng ZHOU ◽  
Cong HUANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Mapping ◽  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Upland Cotton ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Complex Trait ◽  
Tissue Expression ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Fiber Yield

Abstract Background Cotton fiber yield is a complex trait, which can be influenced by multiple agronomic traits. Unravelling the genetic basis of cotton fiber yield-related traits contributes to genetic improvement of cotton. Results In this study, 503 upland cotton varieties covering the four breeding stages (BS1–BS4, 1911–2011) in China were used for association mapping and domestication analysis. One hundred and forty SSR markers significantly associated with ten fiber yield-related traits were identified, among which, 29 markers showed an increasing trend contribution to cotton yield-related traits from BS1 to BS4, and 26 markers showed decreased trend effect. Four favorable alleles of 9 major loci (R2 ≥ 3) were strongly selected during the breeding stages, and the candidate genes of the four strongly selected alleles were predicated according to the gene function annotation and tissue expression data. Conclusions The study not only uncovers the genetic basis of 10 cotton yield-related traits but also provides genetic evidence for cotton improvement during the cotton breeding process in China.

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